The cystic node[1][2] (also known as the cystic lymph node,[3][2] cystic lymph node of Lund,[3] Lund's node, or Mascagni's lymph node[4][5][6] and often erroneously referred to as Calot's node[5][6][7]) is the sentinel lymph node of the gall bladder.[5][6][7] It is located within the cystohepatic triangle (Calot's triangle).[8]
| Details | |
|---|---|
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | nodus cysticus,[1] nodus lymphoideus cysticus[2] |
| Anatomical terminology | |
Structure
editThe cystic lymph node is situated at the neck of the gallbladder.[2][4] It is invariably situated lateral to the biliary tree.[9]
The node receives lymphatic drainage from the gallbladder, cystic duct, hepatic duct, and the superior portion of the common bile duct.[10] It in turn drains lymph into the hepatic lymph nodes.[2][4]
Clinical significance
editIt increases in size in cholecystitis and cholangitis;[citation needed] it becomes enlarged in most cases of acute cholecystitis which serendipitously also makes it easier to identify in case of subsequent surgery.[10]
It is an anatomic landmark and may be removed along with the gallbladder in cholecystectomy.[citation needed] The node can be used as a landmark to prevend iatrogenic injury during surgery in the cystohepatic triangle so as to avoid the bile ducts and other structures of the porta hepatis.[10]
Research
editAccording to one retrospective study, the node could be identified in about 78% of patients undergoing laproscopic cholecystectomy; of those in whom the node could be identified, the node was related to the cystic artery in ~97% of cases.[9]
Etymology
editThe node is named after Fred Bates Lund (1865-1950), an American surgeon. It was also named after the Italian anatomist and physician, Paolo Mascagni (1752-1815), who first identified the node around 1787.
References
edit- ^ a b "Anatonomina". www.terminologia-anatomica.org. Retrieved 2023-07-05.
- ^ a b c d e "cystic lymph node". TheFreeDictionary.com. Retrieved 2023-07-05.
- ^ a b Nagral, Sanjay (June 2005). "Anatomy relevant to cholecystectomy". Journal of Minimal Access Surgery. 1 (2): 53–58. doi:10.4103/0972-9941.16527. ISSN 0972-9941. PMC 3004105. PMID 21206646.
- ^ a b c Hundt, Melanie; Wu, Cheng Ying; Young, Michael (2023), "Anatomy, Abdomen and Pelvis: Biliary Ducts", StatPearls, Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, PMID 29083810, retrieved 2023-07-05
- ^ a b c Williams, Austin D.; Gefen, Jonathan; Mann, Barry D. (2019-07-03). Surgery Morning Report: Beyond the Pearls E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 62. ISBN 978-0-323-59760-9.
- ^ a b c CLAVIEN, PIERRE-ALAIN; Sarr, Michael G.; Fong, Yuman; Miyazaki, Masaru (2015-09-16). Atlas of Upper Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery. Springer. p. 724. ISBN 978-3-662-46546-2.
- ^ a b Hassler, Kenneth R.; Collins, Jason T.; Philip, Ken; Jones, Mark W. (2023), "Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy", StatPearls, Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, PMID 28846328, retrieved 2023-07-05
- ^ Standring, Susan (2020). Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice (42th ed.). New York. p. 1219. ISBN 978-0-7020-7707-4. OCLC 1201341621.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ a b Channa, M. A.; Zubair, M.; Haider, S.; Habib, L.; Mirza, M. R. (October 2016). "Cystic Lymph Node: Caution of Safety in Calot's Triangle Dissection". Mymensingh Medical Journal: MMJ. 25 (4): 772–775. ISSN 1022-4742. PMID 27941745.
- ^ a b c Kunasani, Ratna; Kohli, Harjeet (October 2003). "Significance of the cystic node in preventing major bile duct injuries during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a technical marker". Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques. Part A. 13 (5): 321–323. doi:10.1089/109264203769681718. ISSN 1092-6429. PMID 14617391.