NOAAS Oceanographer (R 101), originally USC&GS Oceanographer (OSS O1), was an American Oceanographer-class oceanographic research vessel in service in the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey from 1966 to 1970 and in the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) from 1970 to 1996. She was the second Coast and Geodetic Survey ship and first NOAA ship to bear the name Oceanographer. She served as flagship of both the Coast and Geodetic Survey and NOAA fleets.
_off_Seattle_c1974.jpg) NOAAS Oceanographer (R 101) off Seattle, Washington
| |
| History | |
|---|---|
  United States | |
| Name | USC&GS Oceanographer (OSS 01) |
| Namesake | Oceanographer, a scientist who studies the ocean |
| Builder | Aerojet General Shipyards, Jacksonville, Florida |
| Laid down | 22 July 1963 |
| Launched | 18 April 1964 |
| Completed | 20 April 1966 |
| Commissioned | 13 July 1966 |
| Fate | Transferred to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 3 October 1970 |
 United States | |
| Name | NOAAS Oceanographer (R 101) |
| Namesake | Previous name retained |
| Acquired | Transferred from U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey 3 October 1970 |
| Decommissioned | July 1981 |
| Recommissioned | 8 April 1986 |
| Decommissioned | 1989 |
| Recommissioned | ? |
| Decommissioned | 1996 |
| Homeport | Seattle, Washington |
| Identification |
|
| Fate |
|
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | Oceanographer-class oceanographic research ship |
| Tonnage | |
| Displacement | 4,033 tons (full load) |
| Length | 92.4 m (303 ft 2 in) |
| Beam | 15.8 m (51 ft 10 in) |
| Draft | 6.0 m (19 ft 8 in) |
| Installed power | 5,000 shp (3,700 kW) |
| Propulsion | Diesel-electric: Two Westinghouse 1150 diesel generator sets, two Westinghouse electric motors, two screws; 400 hp (300 kW) bow thruster; 937 tons fuel |
| Speed | 15.8 knots (29.3 km/h; 18.2 mph) (sustained) |
| Range | 12,250 nmi (22,690 km; 14,100 mi) at 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph) |
| Endurance | 34 days (150 days provisions) |
| Complement | 79 (13 NOAA Corps officers, six licensed civilian officers, 60 crewmen) plus up to 24 scientists |
| Sensors and processing systems | One weather radar, two navigational radars; additional sensors installed before 1986 reactivation (see text) |
| Notes | 1.2 MW electrical power |
Construction
editDesigned by the U.S. Maritime Administration (MARAD), Oceanographer was laid down on 22 July 1963[1] by Gibbs Shipyards[1] at Jacksonville, Florida, under contract to Aerojet General Shipyards and launched on 18 April 1964.[2] Constructed under MARAD's supervision, she was completed on 20 April 1966,[2] at 303 feet (92 meters) in length the largest vessel constructed for research purposes to date. Her stark white paint, large radome aft of the funnels, and heavy crane on the aft deck gave her a distinctive appearance. She had chemistry, wet and dry oceanographic, meteorological, gravimetric, and photographic laboratories. She also had several precision oceanographic winches.
Operational career
editUSC&GS Oceanographer (OSS 01) was commissioned as an "ocean survey ship" (OSS) with the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey at the Washington Navy Yard in Washington, D.C., on 13 July 1966[1] under the command of Captain Arthur L. Wardwell, USESSA.[2] With her home port at Seattle, Washington,[2] she was the second Coast and Geodetic Survey ship of the name, and served as flagship of the Survey's fleet. When the Coast and Geodetic Survey and other United States Government agencies combined to form NOAA on 3 October 1970, she became the research ship NOAAS Oceanographer (R 101), the first NOAA ship to bear the name, as well as flagship of the NOAA fleet.
During her 30 years of service, Oceanographer sailed over 2,000,000 nautical miles (3,700,000 km) in every major ocean. In 1967 she departed Jacksonville on 31 March on a "world science and ambassadorial cruise" which took her from the United States East Coast to the United States West Coast via the North Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, Indian Ocean, and Pacific Ocean, making many good-will stops along the way before concluding the voyage by arriving at Seattle on 11 December.[3] In 1968, she supported Project Sea Use, a multi-party expedition to Cobb Seamount in the North Pacific Ocean which developed much of the initial scientific understanding of the seamount.[4] In 1969 she completed the circumnavigation of the globe she began in March 1967 when she returned to the U.S. East Coast.
Other highlights of Oceanographer's career included participation in the first large-scale, coordinated international sea-air interaction survey, known as the BOMEX Study, in 1969, and environmental base-line studies on deep-ocean mining (DOMES). In 1980, Oceanographer became the first U.S. Government vessel allowed into a port of the People's Republic of China.[5]
Oceanographer was placed in reserve in July 1981. She underwent a major refit in which she received an Alden weatherfax, a Sperry Mark 37 gyro, a Raytheon X-band Pathfinder radar, Inmarsat, an MX1102 Global Positioning System, a new salinometer, a Shipboard Environmental Acquisition System with expendable bathythermograph gear, a new meteorological station, and a Doppler current profiling system, and returned to service with this new equipment on 8 April 1986. Placed in reserve in 1989, she later returned to service again.
Final disposition
editOceanographer and NOAA Ships Discoverer and Malcolm Baldridge, ex-Researcher, were replaced by Ronald H. Brown under the NOAA Fleet Modernization Program in the 1990s.[6][7] After her decommissioning in 1996, Oceanographer was sold to the Kirkland Yacht Club Marina of Kirkland, Washington, to act as a breakwater and was renamed MV Protector.[8] Protector was tied up at the marina from 1997 to 2005.
After G Shipping Ltd., a Malta-based company controlled by Italian race-car driver and hotelier Emanuele Garosci, purchased Protector for US$6.5 million, Protector was renamed MV Sahara in August 2005 and towed to a Seattle, Washington, shipyard to be refitted at a projected cost of US$10 million as a luxury floating hotel which could travel from port to port.[9][10] A poor economy resulted in the postponement of the major renovation phase of the project, but a small work crew began tearing out small cabins that had housed embarked scientists during the ship's time with NOAA to clear the way for the eventual construction of restaurants and luxury hotel rooms.[10] On 21 October 2010, a member of the crew, 33-year-old Lia Hawkins, disappeared while working aboard Sahara while going to dump scrap metal into a recycling container.[10] Her body was found in the water near the container the following day, and an autopsy determined that she had drowned.[10] After a lawsuit was filed alleging that G Shipping had done nothing to ensure the safety of workers aboard Sahara, resulting in Hawkins falling overboard to her death, courts awarded $3.45 million to Hawkins's estate on 24 April 2013.[10] G Shipping apparently had the ship claimed by the courts in lieu of payment.
By 2016, the conversion project had been canceled and Sahara was for sale for US$1,200,000.[11] She was scrapped in Mexico in 2019.[12]
See also
editReferences
editCitations
edit- ^ a b c Announcement of keel laying of USC&GS Ship OCEANOGRAPHER July 22, 1963. Invitation to commissioning ceremony of ESSA Ship OCEANOGRAPHER on July 13, 1966
- ^ a b c d Commissioning Ceremonies Program, USC&GSS Oceanographer, July 13, 1966.
- ^ Invitation to attend departure of USC&GS Ship OCEANOGRAPHER on its around the world science and ambassadorial cruise of 1967. Departing Jacksonville, Florida, March 31, 1967, and scheduled to arrive in Seattle, Washington, on December 11, 1967
- ^ Spencer, Merrill P; Campbell, Spencer D; Carl, Eurick V (May 1969). "Diving to Cobb Seamount: A Report on Diving Operations on Project Sea Use, Phase 1,1968". Journal of Occupational Medicine. 11 (5). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins: 285–291. PMID 5772740. Retrieved 11 November 2010.
- ^ "NOAA History - Tools of the Trade/Ships/C&GS Ships/OCEANOGRAPHER". NOAA History. June 8, 2006. Retrieved November 16, 2008.
- ^ "Brief History of NOAA Ship Ronald H. Brown". NOAA Marine Operations. October 10, 2001. Archived from the original on February 8, 2006. Retrieved May 10, 2006.
- ^ Norman Polmar (2005), The Naval Institute Guide to the Ships and Aircraft of the U.S. Fleet, Naval Institute Press, p. 614, ISBN 9781591146858
- ^ "Local News- Catching up with newsmakers". Seattle Times Newspaper. December 31, 2005. Retrieved November 16, 2008.
- ^ Rachel Tuinstra (December 31, 2005). "Kirkland's "white elephant" destined for new adventures". Seattle Times. Retrieved 2007-10-29.
- ^ a b c d e Carter, Mike (24 April 2013). "Jury awards $3.45M for family of ship worker who drowned on job". The Seattle Times. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
- ^ "303' NOAA Flagship for sale in Seattle. Diesel-electric, ice-class". YouTube. July 30, 2015. Archived from the original on 2021-12-21. Retrieved June 27, 2016.
- ^ "Oceanographer (6600826)". Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
Bibliography
edit- Prézelin, Bernard, and A. D. Baker III, eds. The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World 1990/1991: Their Ships, Aircraft, and Armament. Annapolis, Maryland: United States Naval Institute, 1990. ISBN 0-87021-250-8.
External links
edit
Media related to NOAAS Oceanographer (R 101) (ship, 1964) at Wikimedia Commons- Video "NOAA Ship Oceanographer Commissioning" on YouTube
