MAPO - the Moscow Aircraft Production Association (Russian: Московское авиационное производственное объединение, romanized: Moskovskoye aviatsionnoye proizvodstvennoye obyedineniye) was a major Russian state-owned military aircraft manufacturer.
History
editMAPO has its origins in Plant #30 of the Dux Factory company.[1] Plant #30 was established in 1939 in Dubna.[2] In December 1941, it was relocated to the former site of Plant #1, where it manufactured the Ilyushin Il-2.[2] In 1950, it merged with Plant #381, to produce the Il-28 in larger volumes.[2] In 1953, Lukhovitsy Machine Building Plant was established as a subsidiary of the plant.[3]
Plant #30 became known as the Znamya Truda Machine-Building Plant in 1965,[4] and as the Moscow Aircraft Production Organisation in 1973.[2]
In the early 1990s, it employed 30,000 workers.[5] In 1995, MAPO was merged with the Mikoyan Design Bureau, forming MAPO-MiG.[6] In January 1996, a decree of President Boris Yeltsin established MAPO VPK, which combined 12 different aviation companies, including MAPO-MiG, Kamov, Klimov, the Chernyshev Machine Building Enterprise and Aviabank.[6]
Unlike Sukhoi, which managed to secure export contracts with China and India, MAPO continued to be unprofitable throughout the 1990s.[7] In December 1999, MAPO was renamed Russian Aircraft Corporation MiG.[8]
In 2006, MAPO merged with Sukhoi and several other Russian aviation companies to form United Aircraft Corporation.[9] The majority of MAPO's former assets are now part of Mikoyan.[9]
The Lukhovitsy and Znamya Truda plants are currently known as 'MiG Manufacturing Complex №1' (ПК №1 PCK «МиГ») and 'MiG Manufacturing Complex №2' (ПК №2 PCK «МиГ»), respectively.[10][11]
Names
editOver the years, it has also been known as OSOAVIAKHIM Plant #1, GAZ No. 1, Menjinski Plant #39, Orjonikidze Plant #381, Plant #30, MMZ (Moscow Machine-Building Plant) "Znamya Truda" (Banner of Labor), P.A. Voronin Production Center, and "Moscow Aircraft Production Organization (MAPO) named after Dementiev" (Petr Dementiev, Minister of Aircraft Industry from 1953 to 1977).
References
edit- ^ "10 малоизвестных фактов о заводе, где делают боевые самолеты МиГ". Российская газета. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 10 June 2017.
- ^ a b c d "Завод № 30 — Испытатели". Testpilot.ru (in Russian). 19 July 2014. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 29 July 2017.
- ^ "Самолет из огорода". Журнал "Коммерсантъ Деньги". 28 July 2003. p. 36. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 29 July 2017.
- ^ "4. Предприятия и заводы оборонной промышленности". Военный паритет. Archived from the original on 29 July 2017. Retrieved 29 July 2017.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ Forsberg, Randall (1994). The Arms Production Dilemma: Contraction and Restraint in the World Combat Aircraft Industry. MIT Press. p. 77. ISBN 9780262560856. Retrieved 29 July 2017.
- ^ a b Greenwood, John; Hardesty, Von; Higham, Robin (2014). Russian Aviation and Air Power in the Twentieth Century. Routledge. p. 155. ISBN 9781135251864. Archived from the original on 2017-12-16.
- ^ "DEFENSE DOSSIER: Potemkin Jets Nothing New". The Moscow Times. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 29 July 2017.
- ^ "MiG Design and Production System: Post-Soviet Transformations". mdb.cast.ru. Moscow Defense Brief. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 29 July 2017.
- ^ a b Dowling, Timothy C. (2014). Russia at War: From the Mongol Conquest to Afghanistan, Chechnya, and Beyond [2 volumes]. ABC-CLIO. p. 519. ISBN 9781598849486. Archived from the original on 2017-07-30.
- ^ "Производственный комплекс № 1 – филиал АО "РСК "МиГ"". Migavia.ru (in Russian). Archived from the original on 21 June 2017. Retrieved 29 July 2017.
- ^ "История". Migavia.ru (in Russian). Archived from the original on 19 June 2017. Retrieved 10 June 2017.