The Hungarian Justice and Life Party (Hungarian: Magyar Igazság és Élet Pártja, pronounced [ˈmɒɟɒr ˈiɡɒʃːaːɡ ˈeːʃ ˈeːlɛt ˈpaːrcɒ], MIÉP) was a nationalist[2] political party in Hungary that was founded by István Csurka in 1993.
Hungarian Justice and Life Party Magyar Igazság és Élet Pártja | |
|---|---|
 | |
| First leader | István Csurka |
| Last leader | Tibor Nagy |
| Founded | 15 July 1993 |
| Dissolved | 27 July 2021 |
| Split from | Hungarian Democratic Forum[1] |
| Merged into | Our Homeland Movement |
| Headquarters | Hercegprímás utca 4, 1051 Budapest |
| Newspaper | Magyar Fórum |
| Youth wing | MIÉP Young Section |
| Ideology | Hungarian nationalism[2][3] National conservatism[4] Social conservatism Hard Euroscepticism Hungarian irredentism[3][5] |
| Political position | Far-right[3][5] |
| National affiliation | MIÉP–Jobbik Third Way Alliance of Parties (2005-2006) |
| European affiliation | Euronat (formerly) |
| Colours | Gold |
| Most MPs (1998) | 14 / 386
|
| Party flag | |
 | |
| Website | |
| www | |
In the 1998 legislative elections, the party won 5.5% of the votes and gained parliamentary representation, with 14 seats.
In the 2002 elections, the party won 4.4% of the popular vote and no seats.
In 2005, MIÉP joined forces with a newer, radical Hungarian nationalist political party, Jobbik. The new political formation was registered under the name the MIÉP–Jobbik Third Way Alliance of Parties. It purported to speak for Christians whilst standing up for the rights of Hungarian minorities in the neighbouring countries. The programme was based on a "law and order" agenda, in order to crack down on crime. Following an acrimonious failure in the 2006 elections the alliance broke up. In the aftermath, MIÉP lost its leadership of the far-right forces in Hungary, with Jobbik going on to achieve success in the 2010 elections.
Csurka died on 4 February 2012, aged 77, after a long illness.[6] He was replaced by former MP Zoltán Fenyvessy. In 2017, Zoltán Fenyvessy was replaced by Tibor Nagy.[7]
In early 2019, Our Homeland Movement (Mi Hazánk Mozgalom) made an alliance with Hungarian Justice and Life Party and the agrarian Independent Smallholders, Agrarian Workers and Civic Party.[8]
On 27 July 2021, the MIÉP was dissolved, and merged into the Our Homeland Movement.[9]
Party leaders
edit| Image | Name | Entered office | Left office | Length of Leadership | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 
|
István Csurka | 15 July 1993 | 4 February 2012 † | 18 years, 6 months and 20 days |
| 2 | 
|
Fenyvessy Zoltán | 28 October 2012 | 6 March 2017 | 4 years, 4 months and 6 days |
| 3 |
|
Tibor Nagy | 6 March 2017 | 27 July 2021 | 4 years, 4 months and 21 days |
Parliamentary representation
edit| Election | Votes | Seats | Rank | Government | Prime Minister candidate | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| # | % | ±pp | # | +/− | ||||
| 1994 | 85,431
|
1.58%
|
– | 0 / 386
|
 12
|
10th | extra-parliamentary | István Csurka |
| 1998 | 248,901
|
5.47%
|
 3.89
|
14 / 386
|
14
|
5th | in opposition | István Csurka |
| 2002 | 245,326
|
4.37%
|
1.1
|
0 / 386
|
14
|
4th | extra-parliamentary | István Csurka |
| 20061 | 119,007
|
2.2%
|
2.17
|
0 / 386
|
 0
|
5th | extra-parliamentary | István Csurka |
| 2010 | 1,286
|
0.03%
|
2.17
|
0 / 386
|
0
|
10th | extra-parliamentary | István Csurka |
| 20142 | 2,054
|
0.04%
|
0.01
|
0 / 199
|
0
|
33rd | extra-parliamentary | Zoltán Fenyvessy |
| 2018 | 8,713
|
0.15%
|
0.11
|
0 / 199
|
0
|
10th | extra-parliamentary | Tibor Nagy |
1In an electoral alliance with Jobbik, under the name of the "MIÉP–Jobbik Third Way Alliance of Parties", joined by Independent Smallholders’ Party (FKgP) organisations from 15 counties.
2In an electoral alliance with Smallholders' Party.
| Election year | # of overall votes | % of overall vote | # of overall seats won | +/- | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2004 | 72,203 | 2.35% (5th) | 0 / 24
|
References
edit- ^ Ulrich Widmaier, Andrea Gawrich, Ute Becker (2013). Regierungssysteme Zentral- und Osteuropas: Ein einführendes Lehrbuch. Springer-Verlag. p. 102. ISBN 9783663112761.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b Nordsieck, Wolfram (2002). "Hungary". Parties and Elections in Europe. Archived from the original on 7 February 2005. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
- ^ a b c Werner T. Bauer (April 2020). "Rechtsextreme und rechtspopulistische Parteien in Europa" (PDF). Österreichische Gesellschaft für Politikberatung und Politikentwicklung. pp. 97, 98. Retrieved 17 June 2020.
- ^ Karin Priester (2012). Rechter und linker Populismus: Annäherung an ein Chamäleon. Campus-Verlag. p. 231. ISBN 9783593397931.
- ^ a b "Aufbau eines neuen Mitteleuropas". Budapester Zeitung. 2020. Retrieved 17 June 2020.
- ^ "Meghalt Csurka István" (in Hungarian). Index.hu. 4 February 2012. Retrieved 4 February 2012.
- ^ "Magyar Igazság és Élet Pártja MIÉP". hu-hu.facebook.com (in Hungarian). Retrieved 2017-03-10.
- ^ "A Független Kisgazdapárt is csatlakozna a MIÉP és a Mi Hazánk Mozgalom együttműködéséhez". 20 February 2019.
- ^ "Kuruc.info - Megszűnt a MIÉP, felszámolási eljárásban az FKGP - vezetőik a Mi Hazánk jelöltjei lettek". Kuruc.info hírportál (in Hungarian). Retrieved 2021-08-03.
External links
edit- Official website Archived 2004-09-29 at the Wayback Machine
- "Third way" platform: The nationalist right gets together (HVG)
- Far Right tries to take control of the revolt The Times, September 23, 2006
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