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Princess María Teresa of Bourbon-Parma

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Princess Marie-Thérèse of Bourbon-Parma (Spanish: María Teresa de Borbón-Parma, French: Marie-Thérèse de Bourbon-Parme; 28 July 1933 – 26 March 2020) was a French-Spanish political activist and academic. She was a member of the House of Bourbon-Parma, a cadet branch of the Spanish royal family. She was a socialist activist, earning the nickname Red Princess, and a monarchist who supported the Carlist movement. She is the first royal known to have died of COVID-19.[2]

Princess Marie-Thérèse
Marie-Thérèse in February 1964
Born(1933-07-28)28 July 1933
Paris, French Third Republic
Died26 March 2020(2020-03-26) (aged 86)
Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France[1]
Burial
Sanctuary of Santa Maria della Steccata
Names
French: Marie-Thérèse Cécile Zita Charlotte de Bourbon-Parme
Spanish: María Teresa Cecilia Zita Carlota de Borbón-Parma
HouseBourbon-Parma
FatherPrince Xavier, Duke of Parma and Piacenza
MotherMadeleine de Bourbon-Busset
OccupationProfessor

Early life and education

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Princess Marie Thérèse was born on 28 July 1933 in Paris.[3] She was the daughter of Prince Xavier of Bourbon-Parma, Duke of Parma and Piacenza, a Carlist claimant to the Spanish throne, and Madeleine de Bourbon-Busset, a member of a cadet branch of the House of Bourbon.[citation needed] She was the younger sister of Princess Marie Françoise and Carlos Hugo, Duke of Parma, and an older sister of Princess Cécile Marie, Princess Marie des Neiges and Prince Sixtus Henry, Duke of Aranjuez. She was a niece of Zita of Bourbon-Parma, the last Empress of Austria and Queen of Hungary and Bohemia.[4]

 
Chateau du Bostz, Princess María Teresa's childhood home

She grew up at the Chateau du Bostz, Besson, Bourbonnais.[4] Having attended middle school in Tours,[5] and Quebec City,[6] she went on to obtain a doctorate in Hispanic studies from Paris-Sorbonne University and another doctorate in political sociology from the Complutense University of Madrid. She also studied Islam and how it related to women's rights.[7] Her 1977 thesis at the Sorbonne was entitled "La clarificación ideológica del Carlismo contemporáneo" ("Ideological clarification of contemporary Carlism").[8]

Career and activism

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Marie-Thérèse was a professor at both of her alma maters.[7] She was also a socialist activist and fought for women's rights.[9]

Marie-Thérèse supported her brother Carlos Hugo in his fight to make the Spanish Carlist party more liberal, supporting an ideological shift in her family's Carlism.[10] Her royal roots and liberal socialist views attracted many personalities, leading her to meet André Malraux, François Mitterrand, Yasser Arafat and Hugo Chávez, and earned her the nickname of "Red Princess".[5][11] This nickname was used as the (Spanish) title of a 2002 biography of María Teresa written by historian Josep Carles Clemente [es].[10]

Personal life

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In 1981, Marie Thérèse acquired Spanish citizenship by royal decree; the official state bulletin said that it was given "at the request of the interested party and in response to the exceptional circumstances and her belonging to a family so closely linked to Spain".[12]

In a 1997 interview, Marie Thérèse said that she was Christian, but criticized some Christian attitudes to immigration that sought to create a divide.[13]

Marie Thérèse never married,[9] and had no children.[14] She was the aunt of Prince Carlos, Duke of Parma and 4th cousin, once removed, of the current King of Spain, Felipe VI.[7]

In 2014, she published a history of the Bourbon-Parma family.[15]

On 26 March 2020, Marie Thérèse became the first member of a royal family known to die of COVID-19.[3][7][16] She died at Hôpital Cochin in Paris at the age of 86.[1][17] A memorial service was held in Madrid on 27 March 2020, presided over by Rev. José Ramón García Gallardo, a priest of the Society of Saint Pius X and an officer of the Order of Prohibited Legitimacy.[18] A second Catholic funeral was held on 2 April 2020 at Notre-Dame-des-Champs in Paris.[19] Her death was announced on the official website of the House of Bourbon-Parma.[20] Her family paid tribute to her involvement "in the struggle for democratization, social justice and freedom in Spain".[15]

Marie Thérèse's funeral took place on 27 August 2021 at Sanctuary of Santa Maria della Steccata in Parma, and was buried there.[citation needed] The funeral mass held in Parma was attended by Prince Carlos Xavier, Duke of Parma and Piacenza; Princess Annemarie, Duchess of Parma and Piacenza; Prince Jaime, Count of Bardi; Princess Margarita, Countess of Colorno with her husband and daughters; Princess Maria Carolina, Marchioness of Sala with her husband and children; Princess Marie des Neiges, Countess of Castillo de la Mota; Princess Cécile Marie, Countess of Poblet and Princess Marie-Françoise, Dowager Princess of Lobkowicz.[citation needed]

Ancestry

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Honours

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See also

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Bibliography

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  • Borbón-Parma, María Teresa de (1977). El momento actual español, cargado de utopía (in Spanish). Editorial Cuadernos para el Diálogo. ISBN 9788422902164.
  • Borbón-Parma, María Teresa de (1979). La clarificación ideológica del partido Carlista (in Spanish). BPR Publishers. ISBN 9788485596027.
  • Borbón-Parma, María Teresa de (1990). Cambios en México (in Spanish). Tecnos. ISBN 9788430918591.
  • Borbón-Parma, María Teresa de (1994). Magreb: Nuestro poniente proximo (in Spanish). Ediciones Libertarias. ISBN 9788476833308.
  • Borbón-Parma, María Teresa de (1997). Don Javier : una vida al servicio de la libertad (in Spanish). Plaza & Janés Editores. ISBN 9788401530180.
  • Borbón-Parma, María Teresa de (1999). Desde Tánger (in Spanish). Huerga Y Fierro Editores. ISBN 9788483740774.
  • Borbón-Parma, María Teresa de (1999). Jardin de Dar Almutamid (in Spanish). L'Or du temps. ISBN 9789973757685.
  • Borbón-Parma, María Teresa de (2001). La transición desde el frente exterior (in Spanish). ISBN 9788475603001.
  • Borbón-Parma, María Teresa de (2009). Así fueron, así son (in Spanish). Planeta. ISBN 9788408088967.
  • Bourbon-Parme, S.A.R. Maria Teresa de (2014). Les Bourbon Parme: une famille engagée dans l'histoire (in French). M. de Maule. ISBN 9782876235557.
  • Bourbon-Parme, S.A.R. Maria Teresa de (2020). Notre patrimoine, c'est le vent de l'histoire: Toute histoire significative est contemporaine (in French). Michel de Maule. ISBN 9782876237131.

References

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  1. ^ a b De 2020, 27 De Marzo (27 March 2020). "Murió María Teresa de Borbón y Parma, prima del rey Felipe VI de España: tenía coronavirus". Infobae (in European Spanish). Retrieved 29 April 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ "A Spanish Princess Is The First Royal To Die From Coronavirus". Harpers Bazaar. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
  3. ^ a b Schild, Darcy (28 March 2020). "A Spanish princess is the world's first royal to die from the coronavirus, Business Insider - Business Insider Singapore". www.businessinsider.sg. Archived from the original on 28 March 2020. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  4. ^ a b Delacou, Antoine (28 March 2020). "Décès - Elle avait passé son enfance au château de Bostz à Besson (Allier) : la princesse Maria Teresa de Bourbon-Parme s'est éteinte". www.lamontagne.fr (in French). Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  5. ^ a b Launet, Edouard (23 July 2014). "Maria-Teresa de Bourbon Parme. Princesse rouge". Libération.fr (in French). Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  6. ^ Bernier Arcand, Philippe, « Les Bourbon-Parme dans les institutions d’enseignement du Québec », Histoire Québec, 202, p. 24-28 (lire en ligne [archive])
  7. ^ a b c d "Spanish Princess Becomes the First Royal to Die of Coronavirus Complications". E! News. 28 March 2020. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  8. ^ "María Teresa de Borbón Parma". El País (in Spanish). 12 October 1977. ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 29 March 2020.
  9. ^ a b "King Felipe of Spain's Relative, 86, Becomes First Royal to Die from Coronavirus". PEOPLE.com. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  10. ^ a b Agencias, Silvia Ayuso (27 March 2020). "Muere María Teresa de Borbón y Parma, prima del rey Felipe, por coronavirus". EL PAÍS (in Spanish). Retrieved 29 March 2020.
  11. ^ "Spanish Princess Maria Teresa First Royal To Die From Coronavirus". NDTV. 30 March 2020. Retrieved 12 May 2020.
  12. ^ "María Teresa de Borbón". El País (in Spanish). 31 July 1981. ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 29 March 2020.
  13. ^ "Entrevista "El intercambio cultural es la vida de una civilizacilón"". El País (in Spanish). 15 September 1997. ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 29 March 2020.
  14. ^ "JUST IN: First royal dies from coronavirus". New Idea. 27 March 2020. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  15. ^ a b "Marie-Thérèse de Bourbon-Parme est décédée du coronavirus". Point de Vue. 27 March 2020.
  16. ^ Bieber, Nicholas (28 March 2020). "Princess becomes world's first royal to die from coronavirus". mirror.
  17. ^ Schild, Darcy. "A Spanish princess is the world's first royal to die from the coronavirus". Insider. Retrieved 29 March 2020.
  18. ^ "La Comunión Tradicionalista ante la muerte de María Teresa de Borbón Parma". COMUNIÓN TRADICIONALISTA. Carlist Traditionalist Communion. 27 March 2020. Retrieved 2 April 2020.[permanent dead link]
  19. ^ "Ha fallecido María Teresa de Borbón Parma". COMUNIÓN TRADICIONALISTA. Carlist Traditionalist Communion. 26 March 2020. Retrieved 2 April 2020.[permanent dead link]
  20. ^ "REALE E DUCALE CASA DI BORBONE PARMA". www.borboneparma.it. Retrieved 31 March 2020.
  21. ^ "S.A.R. Principessa Maria Teresa".
  22. ^ "S.A.R. Principessa Maria Teresa".
  23. ^ "S.A.R. Principessa Maria Teresa".

Further reading

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  • Clemente, Josep Carles (2002). La Princesa Roja [The Red Princess] (in Spanish). Ediciones Martínez Roca. ISBN 9788427027930. (Biography)
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