Marrithiyel (Marithiel, also Maridhiel, Maridhiyel), also known as Berringen (Bringen, Brinken), is an Australian Aboriginal language spoken by the Marrithiyal people.
| Marrithiyel | |
|---|---|
| Berringen | |
| Native to | Australia |
| Region | Daly River |
| Ethnicity | Marrithiyal people, Marimanindji, Maridan, Mariamo, Maridjabin, Marijedi |
Native speakers | 15 (2016 census)[1] |
Western Daly
| |
| Dialects |
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | Variously:mfr – Marrithiyelxru – Marriammuzmj – Maridjabinzmd – Maridanzmm – Marimanindjizmy – Mariyedi |
| Glottolog | mari1420 |
| AIATSIS[2] | N7 |
| ELP | Marrithiyel |
| Marriammu[3] | |
| Maridjabin[4] | |
| Maridan[5] | |
| Marimanindji[6] | |
| Mariyedi[7] | |
Dialects besides Marrithiyel proper are Nganygit, Marri Amu (Marriammu, Mare-Ammu), Maridjabin (Maredyerbin, Maretyabin, Maridyerbin, Maritjabin), Marridan (Meradan), Marramanindjdji (Marramaninydyi, Marimanindji), and Mariyedi.[2]
The Marri Amu dialect is part of a language revival project to save critically endangered languages. As of 2020[update], Marri Amu is one of 20 languages prioritised as part of the Priority Languages Support Project, being undertaken by First Languages Australia and funded by the Department of Communications and the Arts. The project aims to "identify and document critically-endangered languages — those languages for which little or no documentation exists, where no recordings have previously been made, but where there are living speakers".[8]
Sounds
editConsonants
edit| Labial | Velar | Dental/ Alveolar |
Palatal/ Retroflex | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stop | p | k | t | c |
| Nasal | m | ŋ | n | ɲ |
| Fricative | θ | ʂ | ||
| Trill/Flap | ɾ~r | |||
| Lateral | l | |||
| Approximant | w | ɹ̠ | j |
- Retroflex sounds /ɳ ɭ/ may have also been recorded.
- Alveolar sound /t/ may also be heard as [ʈ].
- A dental fricative /θ/ can also be heard as a stop [t̪].
Vowels
edit| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| High | i | u | |
| Mid | ɛ | (ɜ) | |
| Low | a |
- An additional central vowel [ɜ] is also heard among dialects.
- /i u/ can also be heard as [ɪ ʊ].
- /u/ may also have an allophone of [ɔ].
- /a/ can have front and central allophones of [a ɒ].[9]
References
edit- ^ "Census 2016, Language spoken at home by Sex (SA2+)". stat.data.abs.gov.au. Australian Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 29 October 2017.
- ^ a b N7 Marrithiyel at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
- ^ Endangered Languages Project data for Marriammu.
- ^ Endangered Languages Project data for Maridjabin.
- ^ Endangered Languages Project data for Maridan.
- ^ Endangered Languages Project data for Marimanindji.
- ^ Endangered Languages Project data for Mariyedi.
- ^ "Priority Languages Support Project". First Languages Australia. Retrieved 13 January 2020.
- ^ Green, Ian (1981). The phonology and morphology of Marrithiyel: A preliminary study. Canberra: Australian National University.
External links
edit- Marrithiyel at the Dalylanguages.org website.
- Marri Tjevin (dialect of Marrithiyel) at the Dalylanguages.org website.
- Marri Ammu (dialect of Marrithiyel) at the Dalylanguages.org website.
- Marri Dan (dialect of Marrithiyel) at the Dalylanguages.org website.
- Marramaninjsji (closely related to Marrithiyel) at the Dalylanguages.org website.