Mary French Sheldon (10 May 1847 – 10 February 1936), as author May French Sheldon, was an American author and explorer.
Early years and education
editMary French was born May 10, 1847, at Bridgewater, Pennsylvania. Her father was Joseph French, a civil engineer, and her mother Elizabeth J. French (née Poorman), a spiritualist who later practiced "galvanic medicine" in Boston, as did her sister, Dr. Belle French Patterson.
She was educated in the United States and overseas, studying art and developing into an author and ethnologist.
Career
editIn 1876, she married an American, Eli Lemon Sheldon (1848-1892), a banker and author,[1][2] and they moved to London where they established publishing firms.
Sheldon is noted as a translator of Flaubert's Salammbô, and was the author of papers and essays. As a writer, Sheldon wrote a number of novels, short stories, and essays.[3]
She acquired fame for an expedition. In 1891, inspired by the activities of Henry Morton Stanley, who was a family friend, she left London for Africa. Her travels were sponsored by Sir Alfred Jones, who had been requested by King Leopold II of Belgium to dampen British criticism of human rights abuses in the Congo. While in the Congo, she traveled on steamboats owned by the state and its company allies, who controlled where she went and what she saw.
When she returned to England, Jones helped place her articles in newspapers. She stated "I have witnessed more atrocities in London streets than I have ever seen in the Congo." She gave a presentation/slide show for an audience of five hundred at the Savoy Hotel in London, with expenses paid by King Leopold. Thereafter, the king paid her a monthly salary to lobby members of Parliament.[4]
She obtained assistance from African peoples as she explored around Lake Chala. Her journey from Mombassa to Mount Kilimanjaro caused a sensation because she was not accompanied by a white companion (although she was hardly unaccompanied -– she had 150 Zanzibari porters and guides).[5] She returned with ethnographic materials, wrote on her experience, and undertook a lecture tour.
French Sheldon received multiple awards for her exhibition at the World's Columbian Exposition, and was appointed membership in societies such as the Writer's Club and the Anthropological Society of Washington. She was made a fellow of the Royal Geographical Society,[3] among the first fifteen women to receive this honour, in November 1892.[6]
She died in London on 10 February 1936,[7] with a funeral at Golders Green Crematorium.[8]
References
edit- ^ "Death of Mr E L Sheldon". Dundee Evening Telegraph. 30 June 1892. p. 2.
A wide circle of friends will hear with deep regret of the sudden death Sunday last, at Riverdale, Hampton, of Mr L. Sheldon, editor of "Everybody's Pocket Cyclopaedia," the "Writing Desk Book," and other useful reference handbooks. The deceased was in the prime life, having been born in Michigan in 1848. He was a highly-esteemed authority on American finance, and was regular writer upon economic and statistical subjects. Sheldon was personally beloved for rare sweetness of disposition. He had only a few days returned from America, where his wife, Mrs French Sheldon, is seeing through the press the book of travels descriptive of her recent adventurous journey in the interior of Africa. The sad news was cabled to her at Boston. Mr Sheldon caught cold while is the States, and death was due to heart failure, following upon attack of pleurisy.
- ^ "Mr Eli Lemon Sheldon". Times. 30 June 1892. p. 5 – via The Times Digital Archive.
- ^ a b Eagle 1895, p. 131-.
- ^ Hochschild, Adam, "King Leopold's Ghost," Mariner Books, 1998.
- ^ Larson 2009.
- ^ Bell & McEwan 1996, p. 295-312.
- ^ "Mrs. French-Sheldon". Times. 11 February 1936. p. 16 – via The Times Digital Archive.
- ^ "Deaths". Times. 12 February 1936. p. 1 – via The Times Digital Archive.
Sources
edit
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Eagle, Mary Kavanaugh Oldham (1895). "«An African Expedition» by Mrs. May French Sheldon, F. R. G. S.". The Congress of Women Held in the Woman's Building: World's Columbian Exposition, Chicago, U.S.A., 1893 (Public domain ed.). International Publishing Company.- Larson, Frances (2009). An infinity of things how Sir Henry Wellcome collected the world. Oxford University Press. p. 225. ISBN 9780199554461. OCLC 838260896.
- Bell, Morag; McEwan, Cheryl (November 1996). "The Admission of Women Fellows to the Royal Geographical Society, 1892–1914; the Controversy and the Outcome". The Geographical Journal. 162 (3): 295–312. doi:10.2307/3059652. JSTOR 3059652.
- Boisseau, Tracey Jean (2004). White Queen: May French-Sheldon and the Imperial Origins of American Feminist Identity. Indiana University Press. ISBN 0-253-11102-1.
