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Montgomery County Public Schools (Maryland)

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Montgomery County Public Schools (MCPS) is a public school district that serves Montgomery County, Maryland. With 210 schools, it is the largest school district in the state of Maryland.[1][3] For the 2022–23 school year, the district had about 160,554 students taught by about 13,994 teachers, 86.4 percent of whom had a master's degree or equivalent.[1] MCPS receives nearly half of the county's budget—47% in 2023.[4]

Montgomery County Public Schools
MCPS
Address
850 Hungerford Drive
Rockville
, Montgomery, Maryland, 20850
United States
Coordinates39°05′41″N 77°09′27″W / 39.09484°N 77.15749°W / 39.09484; -77.15749 (Montgomery County Public Schools)
District information
TypePublic
GradesPre-K through 12 (including Head Start)[1]
EstablishedFebruary 4, 1860; 164 years ago (1860-02-04)
SuperintendentThomas W. Taylor
School boardMontgomery County Board of Education
Chair of the boardPresident:
Karla Silvestre Vice President:
Lynne Harris
Governing agencyMaryland State Department of Education
Schools211[1]
Budget$2.78 billion (FY 2022)[1]
NCES District ID2400480[2]
Students and staff
Students160,554 (2022-23)[1]
Teachers13,994 (2022-23)[1]
Staff25,232 (2022-23)[1]
Student–teacher ratio11.5:1 (2022-23)
Other information
ScheduleM-F except for county holidays
Websitemontgomeryschoolsmd.org

As of August 2024, the superintendent of the district is Thomas W. Taylor.[5] The board of education includes a student member, elected by all secondary students, who votes on all issues except punishment for individuals; in 2024–25, the student board member is Praneel Suvarna.[6]

In 2010, MCPS was awarded a Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award.[7]

History

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19th century

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Only private schools existed in Montgomery County until 1860, when the public school district was established for white children. The outbreak of the Civil War the following year brought raids by both Union and Confederate forces on local schools, which ultimately closed from 1862 until 1864.[8]

In 1872, the Maryland General Assembly appropriated state money to open schools for children of color. The county established a segregated school system.[9]

In 1892, the county opened its first high school, Rockville High School, which graduated its first class of 12 seniors graduated in 1897.[10] (In 1927, Rockville Colored High School would open, after which the older whites-only school changed its name to Richard Montgomery High School.[11]) A second high school, Gaithersburg High School, was established in 1904.

20th century

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In the early 20th century, the school budget started to see the effects of suburbanization. In 1908, there were 6,483 students and a budget of $76,000. The school system saw more growth in 1912 after the United States Congress passed a "non-resident" law that excluded Montgomery County school children from enrolling in Washington, D.C. schools, which were known for their higher quality. By 1921, the school budget had grown to more than $316,000.[9]

The county's first Board of Education was named by legislative enactments in 1917; the first board consisted of nine men.[12] A woman was appointed to the board in 1920: Mrs. A. Dawson Trumble, who served a five-year term that led to a steady succession of female members.[12]

Edwin W. Broome, superintendent during 1916–1953, combined one-room schoolhouses into multi-room operations at the beginning of his tenure, reducing the number of schools from 108 to 66 by 1949. At that point, school enrollment was over 22,000. When Broome took the job, there were five high schools, all in the northern portion of the county. He built two secondary schools for Silver Spring and two for Bethesda, and also pushed high schools to add the 12th grade.[8]

In 1936, Broome and his board agreed to equalize teacher pay regardless of race in response to a lawsuit brought by William B. Gibbs Jr. and the NAACP.[13]

In the early 1950s, elementary students of color attended one of four elementary schools – Linden, Ken-Gar, Takoma Park, and River Road – all of which were considered substandard.[14][15] Older students of color attended Lincoln Junior High School and George Washington Carver High School in Rockville.[14][15] Montgomery County was one of the first seven counties in Maryland to start to desegregate its public schools, which it began in September 1955, following the Brown v. Board of Education ruling by the Supreme Court of the United States that ordered the desegregation of all schools nationwide.[16][17][18] Montgomery County completed the integration of its schools in 1960–1961.[8]

In 1961, the school system had 85,000 students and a $70 million budget, having become the largest system in the Washington suburbs.[8] Before 1961, separate schools were maintained for black children. At that time, Rockville's George Washington Carver High School students were rezoned to the previously all-white schools across the county.[19]

 
Woodward High School's parking lot, in Bethesda, in May 1973, from the U.S. National Archives

MCPS saw enrollment numbers peak in 1972 when they reached 127,912. However, enrollment decreased over the next ten years, hitting a low of 91,030 in 1983. This prompted the closure of 60 schools.[20][21] However, with more than 96,000 students and 13,000 staff members in 155 schools in 1986, the school system was still one of the 20 largest in the nation.[9] Enrollment was over 100,000 by 1990.[8]

In 1991, Paul L. Vance became the county's first black superintendent when there were 107,000 students and 174 schools. When he left in 1999, MCPS had 129,000 students in 185 schools. Over the next ten years, enrollment grew to more than 150,000.[8]

21st century

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In 2014, the board modified the school calendar to remove all references to the Christian and Jewish religious holidays of Christmas, Easter, Yom Kippur, and Rosh Hashanah. The amendment was in response to a campaign by the initiative "Equality for Eid" (E4E), which sought for Montgomery County Public School closures on the Muslim holidays of Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha.[22][23][24] The amendment received some media attention.[25][26] Criticism of the amendment came from a variety of sources, including Montgomery County Executive Isiah Leggett and Congressman John Delaney.[27]

For the 2022–2023 school year, the district has 210 schools and an enrollment of 160,554 students.[28]

On February 2, 2024, Monifa McKnight, the first black woman to serve as superintendent of Montgomery County schools,[29] resigned under pressure from the school board "amid questions about how the district handled sexual harassment, bullying and other allegations involving a former principal," as the Washington Post put it.[30]

Governance and budget

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MCPS funding comes mostly from Montgomery County (66%) and the State of Maryland (27%), with additional funds from federal government grants (3%), enterprise funds (3%), and other sources (1%).[31]

MCPS, which covers the entire county as its school district,[32] is governed by a board of education that sets goals, establishes policies, and allocates resources.[33]

In 1977, the Maryland General Assembly amended Section 3-901 of the Education Article of the Annotated Code of the Public General Laws of Maryland to create a seat for a student on the eight-member board of education with a one-year term.[34][35][36] From 1978 until 1982, a small representative assembly of students selected the student member.[35] The first was David Naimon, who served during the 1978–1979 school year.[37][36] Traci Williams, who served during the 1980–1981 school year, was the first African American to serve as a student member.[36][38] After Williams died in December 2008, the MCPS board released a declaration recognizing her effect on the county.[39]

Since 1982, the student member has been directly elected by vote of all MCPS secondary students (i.e., those in middle and high schools).[35] Kurt Hirsch, the first student member directly elected by secondary students, served during the 1982–1983 school year.[35][36] During the 1989 session of the Maryland General Assembly, Section 3-901 was again amended and established a limited vote for the student member.[35] In 1995, Charles McCullough was the first African American to be directly elected as a student member of the board, serving during the 1995–1996 school year.[35][36][40][41]

Since 2016, the student member has had full voting rights, except for votes to punish people.[37][42] The student member of the board serves one year and can vote on matters related to collective bargaining, capital and operating budgets, and school closings, re–openings, and boundaries. The student member of the board receives a college scholarship equivalent to the cost of one year at the University of Maryland, student service learning hours, and one honors-level social studies credit.[42][43][44]

 
An MCPS school bus depot in Potomac, March 2010

The Board of Education student member for the 2024–2025 school year is Praneel Suvarna, a senior at Clarksburg High School. Survarna was elected by 53 percent of the 58,927 students who voted.[45] He was sworn in on July 1, 2024.[46]

The board's current members are:[47]

Name District Term ends
Brenda Wolff District 5 2026
Karla Silvestre At-large, President 2026
Grace Rivera-Oven District 1 2026
Shebra L. Evans District 4 2024
Lynne Harris At-large, Vice President 2024
Julie Yang District 3 2026
Rebecca Smondrowski District 2 2024
Praneel Suvarna Student member 2025
Thomas W. Taylor Superintendent N/A

Students

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The MCPS student population has continued to grow over the years. The district saw a record enrollment of 160,564 students at the start of the 2022–2023 school year.[48] MCPS serves a diverse student body, with 32.8% Hispanic, 25.8% White, 21.8% Black, 14.3% Asian, .1% Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, and 5.0% two or more races.[49]

Graduates from the class of 2018 earned $364 million in college scholarships, an increase of more than $14 million over the previous year.[50]

The class of 2017 outperformed their peers in the state of Maryland, and the nation as a whole, on Advanced Placement (AP) exams, based on AP Cohort Results released by the College Board. In 2017, more than 7,000 MCPS graduates (66%) took one or more AP exams. The percentage of students receiving a college-ready score of 3 or higher on at least one exam rose to 52%, higher than the 31% of the public school graduates in Maryland and 23% of the national graduates.[51]

The total number of AP tests taken declined from 41,048 in 2019 to 31,750 in 2021. Passing scores increased from 71.5% in 2019 to 75.1% in 2020; however, they declined again in 2021 to 68.1%.[52]

Academics

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MCPS has established certain criteria for students to graduate high school. Students must achieve 22 credits to graduate, with each semester course worth 0.5 credits.[53] The necessary credits include, among others, the following requirements for the class of 2025:[54]

  • 4 credits — English.
  • 4 credits — Math: At least 1 Algebra and 1 Geometry.
  • 3 credits — Science: At least 1 Life science (e.g., Biology) and 1 Physical science.
  • 3 credits — Social studies: 1 credit each of Government, U.S. history, and World history.
  • 1 credit — Technology: Students can choose among Computer Science, Engineering, or other technology-related courses.
  • Other credit requirements include: Physical Education, Health Education, Fine arts, and Electives.

In addition to these credit requirements, other requirements for graduation include four years of enrollment, student service learning, and assessments.[54]

During the 2017–2018 school year, the district launched data dashboards to focus on learning, accountability, and results. Continuous monitoring of students' progress ensures that students have timely support, focused interventions, acceleration, and enrichment. Readiness data helps the district to monitor students' progress and plan accordingly.[55]

The district has emphasized preparing students for both college and career. In April 2018, the College Board and Project Lead the Way awarded more than 3,000 students in the U.S. for their accomplishments in the 2016–2017 school year. Compared to other school districts, MCPS had the most students who'd earned the AP + PLTW Student Achievements, followed by districts in Illinois and Texas, and its neighboring Howard County Public School System in Maryland. Wheaton High School, which focuses on project-based learning, had the second-most students with the achievement, behind Adlai E. Stevenson High School in Illinois.[56]

Every high school offers courses linked to a variety of careers. A program implemented at Magruder High School during the 2018–2019 school year allows students to get a head start on careers in aviation.[57]

In May 2018, students from Northwest High School were the first in the district to graduate with a two-year degree in general engineering from Montgomery College as well as a high school diploma.[58] In May 2018, five Northwood High School students were the first MCPS students to complete the Middle College Program at their school, which allowed them to earn an associate degree from Montgomery College as well as a high school diploma.[59]

MCPS is one of the few school districts in the nation that offers comprehensive services at the elementary, middle, and high school levels for twice-exceptional students. Twice-exceptional students have a unique profile of significant strengths and weaknesses – they are gifted and talented and also meet the criteria for an Individualized Education Program (IEP) or a Section 504 plan. Twice-exceptional students access accelerated and enriched instruction with appropriate support and services at their local school, a magnet/choice program, or a special education discrete service.[60]

Language immersion programs are offered at several elementary and middle schools.[61]

Schools

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Main article: List of public schools in Montgomery County, Maryland

MCPS consists of 211 schools: 137 elementary schools, 40 middle schools, 26 high schools, 5 special schools, 1 early childhood learning center, and 1 alternative education program.[1]

MCPS publishes school data annually. Its "Schools at a Glance" document provides information about enrollment, staffing, facilities, programs, outcome measures, and personnel costs for each school.[62]

The district has 39 National Blue Ribbon Schools, a designation that recognizes public and private schools based on their overall academic excellence or their progress in closing achievement gaps among student subgroups.[63]

The school system piloted an extended school year at two elementary schools – Arcola and Roscoe Nix elementary schools – during the 2018–2019 school year.[64] The plan aims to help economically disadvantaged students, who lose the most ground during long summer breaks. As of 2022, the program is still in effect at these schools. The school began July 6 for the 2022–2023 school year, giving students an additional 30 days of school. The county says this extended schedule provides students interactive learning and social/emotional growth.[65]

High schools

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Name Location Principal Mascot Namesake
Bethesda-Chevy Chase High School Bethesda Shelton L. Mooney Barons
Montgomery Blair High School Four Corners Kevin D. Yates (interim) Blazers Postmaster General Montgomery Blair
James Hubert Blake High School Colesville Shanay A. Snead Bengals Musician James Hubert Blake
Winston Churchill High School Potomac John W. Taylor Bulldogs British Prime Minister Winston Churchill
Clarksburg High School Clarksburg Anita R. O'Neill Coyotes
Damascus High School Damascus Bradley W. Rohner Hornets
Thomas Edison High School of Technology (10-12) Wheaton Pamela W. Krawczel Wizards Inventor Thomas Edison
Albert Einstein High School Kensington Mark Brown Jr. Titans scientist Albert Einstein
Gaithersburg High School Gaithersburg Brittany T. Love-Campbell Trojans
Walter Johnson High School North Bethesda Nicole J. Morgan Wildcats Baseball player Walter Perry Johnson
John F. Kennedy High School Glenmont Vickie Adamson Cavaliers President John F. Kennedy
Col. Zadok Magruder High School Rockville Christopher J. Ascienzo Colonels Colonel Zadok Magruder
Richard Montgomery High School Rockville Alicia M. Deeny Rockets General Richard Montgomery[66]
Northwest High School Germantown Scott E. Smith Jaguars
Northwood High School Silver Spring Jonathan L. Garrick Gladiators
Paint Branch High School Burtonsville Shawaan T. Robinson Panthers
Poolesville High School Poolesville Mark A. Carothers Falcons
Quince Orchard High School Gaithersburg Elizabeth L. Thomas Cougars
Rockville High School Rockville Rhoshanda M. Pyles Rams
Seneca Valley High School Germantown Ricardo E. Hernandez Eagles
Sherwood High School Sandy Spring Timothy D. Britton Warriors
Springbrook High School White Oak Stephanie P. Valentine Blue Devils
Watkins Mill High School Gaithersburg Vilma C. Najera Wolverines
Wheaton High School Wheaton Pamela W. Krawczel Knights
Walt Whitman High School Bethesda Gregory Miller Vikings Poet Walt Whitman
Thomas S. Wootton High School North Potomac Douglas E. Nelson Patriots Founder of Montgomery County, Thomas Sprigg Wootton

Notable alumni

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Prominent graduates or former attendees of the school system include:[67]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i "About us — Montgomery County Public Schools, Rockville, MD". MontgomerySchoolsMD.org. Retrieved December 14, 2022.
  2. ^ "Search for Public School Districts – District Detail for Montgomery County Public Schools". National Center for Education Statistics. Institute of Education Sciences. Retrieved December 22, 2018.
  3. ^ "2023 Largest School Districts in Maryland". Niche. Retrieved November 30, 2023.
  4. ^ "Montgomery County Maryland Operating Budget". apps.montgomerycountymd.gov. Retrieved November 29, 2022.
  5. ^ "Superintendent of Schools — Montgomery County Public Schools, Rockville, MD". MontgomerySchoolsMD.org. Retrieved December 22, 2018.
  6. ^ "Board of Education - Members - Montgomery County Public Schools, Rockville, MD | Montgomery County Public Schools | Rockville, MD". www2.montgomeryschoolsmd.org. Retrieved August 23, 2023.
  7. ^ "Baldrige Education Criteria for Performance Excellence — Montgomery County Public Schools, Rockville, MD". MontgomerySchoolsMD.org. Retrieved December 22, 2018.
  8. ^ a b c d e f Offutt, William (Spring 2016). "The Superintendents of Our Schools". The Montgomery County Story. Vol. 59. The Montgomery County Historical Society.
  9. ^ a b c "Our History and Government - Montgomery County, MD" (PDF). MontgomeryCountyMD.gov. Retrieved November 2, 2017.
  10. ^ "History of Richard Montgomery High School — About Our School — Quick Links". Richard Montgomery High School. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
  11. ^ Staff, M. C. S. (March 11, 2018). "The Origin of Each Public High School Name in MoCo". The MoCo Show. Retrieved November 30, 2022.
  12. ^ a b "For first time, Montgomery school board will be entirely led by women". The Washington Post. June 29, 2018. ISSN 0190-8286. OCLC 2269358. Retrieved August 8, 2018.
  13. ^ Klinger, Jerry (April 7, 2019). "William B. Gibbs, Jr. (1905-1984)". BlackPast.org. Retrieved January 9, 2024.
  14. ^ a b Stern, Laurence (June 5, 1955). "Montgomery Plans Integration in Part". The Washington Post. p. A9. ProQuest 148713856.
  15. ^ a b Stern, Laurence (June 18, 1955). "136 Negro Secondary Students Request Transfers to White Schools". The Washington Post. p. 17 – via ProQuest.
  16. ^ "Integration in 7 Md. counties: Report two minor incidents". Baltimore Afro-American. September 17, 1955. p. 14. ProQuest 531919592.
  17. ^ "School Bells Call 156,000 Back to Classes Today: Fares Go Up, Too". The Washington Post. September 12, 1955. p. 1. ProQuest 148597687.
  18. ^ "Court Orders School Desegregation On Local Basis". The Baltimore Sun. June 1, 1955. p. 1. ProQuest 541518934.
  19. ^ "From Segregation to Integration: Two Black Teachers Look Back — Integration in Montgomery County was slow, but reasonably smooth". Potomac Almanac. Alexandria, Virginia: The Connection Newspapers. February 14, 2005. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
  20. ^ "Boundary Analysis Interim Report" (PDF). Montgomery County Public Schools. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
  21. ^ Hand, Mark. "Vandalism, Police Training Take Over Abandoned MOCO School". Patch.com. Retrieved September 3, 2023.
  22. ^ "CAIR-MD Launches 'Equality for Eid' Campaign for Muslim School Holidays". CAIR.com. May 1, 2013. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
  23. ^ Zuberi, Hena. "Equality for Eid Activists Ask MoCo Families to Keep Students Home October 15". The Muslim Link. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
  24. ^ St. George, Donna (November 14, 2014). "Holidays' names stricken from next year's Montgomery schools calendar". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. OCLC 2269358. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
  25. ^ Henneberger, Melinda (November 12, 2014). "No Muslim holiday on Montgomery County school calendar isn't fair or 'PC'". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. OCLC 2269358. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
  26. ^ "Maryland county: No school holiday for Eid ad-Adha, and none for Christmas, Yom Kippur either". Haaretz. November 14, 2014. Retrieved November 2, 2017.
  27. ^ Delaney, John (November 12, 2014). "Delaney Statement on Montgomery County Board of Education Decision on Religious Holidays" (Press release). Washington, D.C.: Congressman John Delaney. Archived from the original on December 6, 2014. Retrieved November 2, 2017.
  28. ^ "Montgomery County Public Schools, Rockville, MD". www.montgomeryschoolsmd.org. Retrieved April 15, 2023.
  29. ^ "Montgomery County votes in its first Black woman as superintendent". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved February 8, 2022.
  30. ^ Asbury, Nicole (February 3, 2024). "Montgomery County Schools Superintendent Monifa McKnight steps down". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved February 4, 2024.
  31. ^ MCPS – About MCPS.
  32. ^ "2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Montgomery County, MD" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved July 25, 2022. - Text list
  33. ^ "Board of Education — Members — Montgomery County Public Schools, Rockville, MD". MontgomerySchoolsMD.org. Retrieved August 8, 2018.
  34. ^ Md. Code Ann., Education § 3-901 (2020).
  35. ^ a b c d e f Guterman, Rebecca (2009). "Spotlighting a best practice, student voters and representation in Montgomery County (MD)" (PDF). FairVote.org. Retrieved October 22, 2020.
  36. ^ a b c d e "Montgomery County Public Schools, Past Student Board Members". Montgomery County Public Schools. Retrieved October 22, 2020.
  37. ^ a b St. George, Donna (March 16, 2016). "Legislation would expand student voting rights on Maryland school board". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. OCLC 2269358. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
  38. ^ "Montgomery County Board of Education, Resolution Traci L. Williams, SMOB 1980-1981" (PDF). Montgomery County Public Schools. January 13, 2009. Retrieved October 22, 2020.
  39. ^ Malik, Quratul-Ann (January 13, 2009). "Traci L. Williams, Student Member of the Board of Education (1980-1981)" (PDF). Montgomery County Public Schools. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  40. ^ "Montgomery County Board of Education, Meeting Minutes" (PDF). Montgomery County Public Schools. May 5, 1995. Retrieved October 22, 2020.
  41. ^ Beadle, Andrew D (May 12, 1995). "RM junior elected to school board". The Montgomery Journal. pp. A1, A7.
  42. ^ a b Chowdury, Maureen (March 31, 2016). "Bill that expands student voting rights on montgomery county school board passes state legislature". MyMCMedia.org. Montgomery Community Media. pp. A1, A7. Retrieved October 22, 2020.
  43. ^ "Montgomery County Public Schools, Student Leadership, Student Member of the Board". Montgomery County Public Schools. 2020. Retrieved October 22, 2020.
  44. ^ "MC 5-22". www.montgomerycountydelegation.com. Retrieved September 12, 2024.
  45. ^ "SMOB Suvarna | Montgomery County Public Schools | Rockville, MD". www.montgomeryschoolsmd.org. Retrieved August 15, 2024.
  46. ^ "SMOB Sworn in | Montgomery County Public Schools | Rockville, MD". www.montgomeryschoolsmd.org. Retrieved August 15, 2024.
  47. ^ "MCPS School Board Members". MCPS. Retrieved June 12, 2019.
  48. ^ St. George, Donna (September 5, 2017). "School year opens in Maryland with enrollment surge in Montgomery County". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. OCLC 2269358. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
  49. ^ MCPS – About us
  50. ^ "MCPS Seniors Earn More Than $364 Million in Scholarships" (Press release). Rockville, Maryland: Montgomery County Public Schools. Retrieved July 19, 2018.
  51. ^ "MCPS Students Lead State and Nation in Advanced Placement Success" (Press release). Rockville, Maryland: Montgomery County Public Schools. Retrieved July 20, 2018.
  52. ^ MOCO, Moderately (October 23, 2022). "MCPS Advanced Placement (AP) Tests Scores by School (2019-2021) - Data & Analysis". Moderately MOCO. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  53. ^ https://ww2.montgomeryschoolsmd.org/departments/policy/pdf/isbra.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  54. ^ a b https://www.montgomeryschoolsmd.org/uploadedFiles/curriculum/0212.21_GraduationAtAGlance_Classof2025%20(1).pdf [bare URL PDF]
  55. ^ "MCPS Data Dashboard — Strategic Planning Committee". MontgomerySchoolsMD.org. Retrieved August 8, 2018.
  56. ^ Rodgers, Bethany (April 23, 2018). "MCPS Takes First Place in Ranking on College-Preparedness, STEM Career Readiness". Bethesda Magazine. Bethesda, Maryland: Kohanza Media Ventures. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
  57. ^ Hicks, Mitti (May 15, 2018). "Magruder High School takes new flight with aviation program". MyMCMedia. Rockville, Maryland: Montgomery Community Media. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
  58. ^ MCPSTV (May 30, 2018), Northwest MC2 2018 graduates, archived from the original on December 12, 2021, retrieved August 8, 2018
  59. ^ MCPSTV (May 30, 2018), Northwood High School MC2 2018 Graduates, archived from the original on December 12, 2021, retrieved August 8, 2018
  60. ^ Twice Exceptional Students and Services, MCPS.
  61. ^ "Montgomery County Public Schools: Special Programs — Foreign Language Immersion Programs". MontgomerySchoolsMD.org. Retrieved August 8, 2018.
  62. ^ "At a Glance Reports — Office of Shared Accountability (OSA) — Montgomery County Public Schools, Rockville, MD". MontgomerySchoolsMD.org. Retrieved July 20, 2018.
  63. ^ "Bannockburn and Luxmanor Elementary Schools Selected as Maryland Blue Ribbon Schools" (Press release). Rockville, Maryland: Montgomery County Public Schools. Retrieved July 20, 2018.
  64. ^ St. George, Donna (December 23, 2017). "As poverty rises, one Maryland school system tries a longer school year". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. OCLC 2269358. Retrieved August 8, 2018.
  65. ^ "Arcola and Nix Elementaries Welcome Students Back for 2022-2023 School Year". Montgomery County Public Schools. Retrieved December 14, 2022.
  66. ^ "Richard Montgomery HS - Who is Richard Montgomery? | Richard Montgomery HS". www2.montgomeryschoolsmd.org. Retrieved June 9, 2020.
  67. ^ Staff, M. C. S. (October 16, 2017). "The Most Famous Person From Each MoCo High School". The MoCo Show. Retrieved November 28, 2022.
  68. ^ "Royal Birthday Anniversary of Her Royal Highness Princess Siribhachudabhorn, 8 October".
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