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Mattias de' Medici

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Mattias de' Medici (9 May 1613 – 11 October 1667) was the third son of Grand Duke Cosimo II de' Medici of Tuscany and Archduchess Maria Maddalena of Austria. He was governor of Siena, with interruptions, from 1629. He never married.[1]

Mattias de' Medici
Portrait by Justus Sustermans, c. 1660
Governor of Siena
PredecessorLeopoldo de' Medici
SuccessorFrancesco Maria de' Medici
Born(1613-05-09)9 May 1613
Florence, Tuscany
Died11 October 1667(1667-10-11) (aged 54)
Siena, Tuscany
Burial
The Basilica of San Lorenzo
HouseMedici
FatherCosimo II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany
MotherMaria Maddalena of Austria
ReligionRoman Catholicism

Biography

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Mattias pursued an ecclesiastical career, like his brother Gian Carlo, but found it was not to his liking. Instead, he embarked on a military career at the age of 16. His father, Cosimo II, died on 28 February 1621; he was succeeded by Ferdinando de' Medici, the elder son. On 29 May 1629, Grand Duke Ferdinando appointed Mattias governor of Siena, following the death of their aunt and the then governor, Caterina de' Medici.[2]

He arrived in his domain on 27 August and took up residence in the Piazza del Duomo. Spending the bulk of his time in Siena, he was immensely popular among the Sienese.[2] In 1631, he joined the Austrian belligerency in the Thirty Years' War. He took part in the famous battle of Lützen,[3] in November 1632, where he met Sienese General Ottavio Piccolomini.

Upon his return to the grand duchy in 1641, he resumed the reins of Sienese government. He did not stay long, nevertheless, as the Wars of Castro broke out. Ferdinando II vested in him supreme authority over the grand duchy's military affairs,[2] and thus he commanded the league of the Republic of Venice, the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, the Duchy of Parma and the Duchy of Modena and Reggio against the Barberini Pope, entrusting the government of Siena to his brother Cardinal Leopoldo de' Medici for the duration of his absence.[citation needed]

Mattias adored the arts, patronising Justus Sustermans, Volterrano and many other eminent artists. He also loved horse races and was particularly enthusiast of the famous Palio, which he promoted during its early history. While in Germany, he acquired scientific instruments, such as dials, astrolabes and compasses; all of which he later deposited in the Uffizi.[citation needed]

In later life, suffering from gout, he pondered re-assuming ecclesiastical garb; however, he fell ill and died in Siena on 11 October 1667 at 54 years of age. He was buried in the Medici tombs in San Lorenzo, Florence.[4]

References

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Another portrait of Mattias by Sustermans.

Citations

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  1. ^ Young, The Medici: Volume II, p 531.
  2. ^ a b c Young, The Medici: Volume II, p 433.
  3. ^ Young, The Medici: Volume II, p 403.
  4. ^ Young, The Medici: Volume II, p 455.

Bibliography

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  • Young, G.F.: The Medici: Volume II, John Murray, London, 1920

Ancestors

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mattias de' Medici.
Mattias de' Medici
Born: 9 May 1613 Died: 11 October 1667
Political offices
Preceded by Governor of Siena
1629-1636 		Succeeded by
Preceded by
Leopoldo de' Medici
 Governor of Siena
1641-1643
Governor of Siena
1644-1667 		Succeeded by
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