Mass media in Germany

Mass media in Germany includes a variety of online, print, and broadcast formats, such as radio, television, newspapers, and magazines.

History

The modern printing press developed in Mainz in the 15th century, and its innovative technology spread quickly throughout Europe and the world. In the 20th century period prior and during World War II, mass media propaganda in Nazi Germany was prevalent. Since the 1980s a "dual system of public and commercial" broadcasting has replaced the previous public system.^[1]

Books

Magazines

Many in Germany read the weekly Der Spiegel.^[1]

Newspapers

As of 2015, widely read national newspapers include Süddeutsche Zeitung, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, Die Welt, and Bild.^[2] "Germans are voracious readers of newspapers and periodicals.... The economic state of Germany's several hundred newspapers and thousands of periodicals is enviably healthy. Most major cities support two or more daily newspapers, in addition to community periodicals, and few towns of any size are without their own daily newspaper."^[1]

Bild is the largest highest-selling newspaper in Germany. The paper is published from Monday to Saturday; on Sundays, its sister paper Bild am Sonntag ("Bild on Sunday") is published instead, which has a different style and its own editors. Bild is tabloid in style but broadsheet in size. It is the best-selling European newspaper and has the sixteenth-largest circulation worldwide.^[3] Bild has been described as "notorious for its mix of gossip, inflammatory language, and sensationalism" and as having a huge influence on German politicians.^[4] Its nearest English-language stylistic and journalistic equivalent is often considered to be the British national newspaper The Sun, the second-highest-selling European tabloid newspaper.^[5]^[6]^[7]

Radio

The first "radio program in Germany was broadcast on October 29, 1923, in Berlin."^[2]

Television

Video games

The German video gaming market is one of the largest in the world.^[8] The Gamescom in Cologne is the world's leading gaming convention.^[9]^{[non-primary source needed]} Popular game series from Germany include Turrican, the Anno series, The Settlers series, the Gothic series, SpellForce, the FIFA Manager series, Far Cry and Crysis. Relevant game developers and publishers are Blue Byte, Crytek, Deep Silver, Kalypso Media, Piranha Bytes, Yager Development, and some of the largest social network game companies like Bigpoint, Gameforge, Goodgame and Wooga.^[10]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c "Germany: Media and Publishing". Britannica.com. Retrieved 20 November 2017.
^ ^a ^b Wilke 2015.
^ Milosevic, Mira (2016). "World Press Trends 2016" (PDF). WAN-IFRA. p. 58. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 January 2018. Retrieved January 15, 2018.
^ Steininger, Michael (18 January 2012). "German tabloid Bild takes down politicians with its unmatched megaphone". The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 22 March 2012.
^ Sex, Smut and Shock: Bild Zeitung Rules Germany Spiegel Online 25 April 2006
^ Gray, Sadie. "Germans equalise with penalty gibe in a shootout over sun loungers and clichés". The Times.^{[dead link]}
^ "Sport". The Daily Telegraph.^{[dead link]}
^ Purchese, Robert (17 August 2009). "Germany's video game market". Eurogamer.net. Archived from the original on 20 January 2013. Retrieved 4 March 2012.
^ "Press releases". gamescom Press Center. 2014. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 26 March 2015.
^ "Made in Germany: The most important games from Germany (German)". PC Games Hardware. 27 November 2011. Retrieved 9 December 2014.

Bibliography

Peter Humphreys (1994). Media and Media Policy in Germany (2nd ed.). ISBN 0854968539.
Euromedia Research Group; Mary Kelly; et al., eds. (2004). "Germany". Media in Europe (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications. ISBN 978-0-7619-4132-3.
Mass Media, Culture and Society in Twentieth-Century Germany. Palgrave Macmillan. 2006. ISBN 978-0-230-80093-9.
Ross Eaman (2009). "Germany". Historical Dictionary of Journalism. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6289-0.
Jürgen Wilke [in German] (2015). "Germany: Media System". In Wolfgang Donsbach [in German] (ed.). Concise Encyclopedia of Communication. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-118-78923-0.
"Germany", Freedom of the Press, US: Freedom House, 2016, OCLC 57509361

External links

"Germany Profile: Media", BBC News
"Media Landscapes: Germany", Medialandscapes, Netherlands: European Journalism Centre

[Britannica-1] "Germany: Media and Publishing". Britannica.com. Retrieved 20 November 2017.

[FOOTNOTEWilke2015-2] Wilke 2015.

[3] Milosevic, Mira (2016). "World Press Trends 2016" (PDF). WAN-IFRA. p. 58. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 January 2018. Retrieved January 15, 2018.

[CSM-4] Steininger, Michael (18 January 2012). "German tabloid Bild takes down politicians with its unmatched megaphone". The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 22 March 2012.

[spiegel06-5] Sex, Smut and Shock: Bild Zeitung Rules Germany Spiegel Online 25 April 2006

[6] Gray, Sadie. "Germans equalise with penalty gibe in a shootout over sun loungers and clichés". The Times.^{[dead link]}

[7] "Sport". The Daily Telegraph.^{[dead link]}

[8] Purchese, Robert (17 August 2009). "Germany's video game market". Eurogamer.net. Archived from the original on 20 January 2013. Retrieved 4 March 2012.

[9] "Press releases". gamescom Press Center. 2014. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 26 March 2015.

[10] "Made in Germany: The most important games from Germany (German)". PC Games Hardware. 27 November 2011. Retrieved 9 December 2014.

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