Medenine (Arabic: مدنين ) is the major town in south-eastern Tunisia, 77 kilometres (48 mi) south of the port of Gabès and the Island of Djerba, on the main route to Libya. It is the capital of Medenine Governorate.
Medenine
مدنين | |
|---|---|
 Town Hall of Medenine | |
  Medenine Location in Tunisia | |
| Coordinates: 33°21′17″N 010°30′19″E / 33.35472°N 10.50528°E | |
| Country |  Tunisia |
| Governorate | Medenine Governorate |
| Delegation(s) | Medenine North, Medenine South |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Moncef Ben Yemna (Ennahda) |
| Population (2022) | |
| • City | 79,406 |
| • Metro | 522,294 |
| Time zone | UTC1 (CET) |
Overview
edit
In pre-colonial times, Medenine was already the most important trading centre in the south, attracting merchants from all over North Africa and even from Bornu, to the south of the Sahara. The Ksar housed the central granaries of the various nomadic Berber tribes of the region.
The area was the scene of an unsuccessful German counter-attack by General Erwin Rommel as part of Operation Capri during March 1943 against British Eighth Army forces. The Battle of Medenine was Rommel's last engagement in Africa before he was replaced by General Hans-Jürgen von Arnim as commander of the Afrika Korps.
Climate
edit| Climate data for Medenine (1991–2020, extremes 1968–2023) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 33.8 (92.8) |
36.3 (97.3) |
39.1 (102.4) |
40.5 (104.9) |
43.9 (111.0) |
47.2 (117.0) |
48.1 (118.6) |
47.7 (117.9) |
48.5 (119.3) |
44.3 (111.7) |
36.4 (97.5) |
31.4 (88.5) |
48.5 (119.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 17.9 (64.2) |
19.2 (66.6) |
22.6 (72.7) |
26.2 (79.2) |
30.1 (86.2) |
33.9 (93.0) |
36.8 (98.2) |
37.2 (99.0) |
33.8 (92.8) |
29.7 (85.5) |
23.7 (74.7) |
18.9 (66.0) |
27.5 (81.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 12.8 (55.0) |
13.7 (56.7) |
16.8 (62.2) |
20.0 (68.0) |
23.8 (74.8) |
27.4 (81.3) |
30.0 (86.0) |
30.7 (87.3) |
28.1 (82.6) |
24.1 (75.4) |
18.4 (65.1) |
14.0 (57.2) |
21.7 (71.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 7.6 (45.7) |
8.3 (46.9) |
11.1 (52.0) |
13.9 (57.0) |
17.4 (63.3) |
20.8 (69.4) |
23.3 (73.9) |
24.1 (75.4) |
22.4 (72.3) |
18.5 (65.3) |
13.1 (55.6) |
9.1 (48.4) |
15.8 (60.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −0.5 (31.1) |
−1.0 (30.2) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
3.1 (37.6) |
7.0 (44.6) |
10.5 (50.9) |
13.2 (55.8) |
14.2 (57.6) |
12.0 (53.6) |
4.5 (40.1) |
1.3 (34.3) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 18.2 (0.72) |
16.6 (0.65) |
25.7 (1.01) |
10.0 (0.39) |
5.8 (0.23) |
4.7 (0.19) |
0.3 (0.01) |
2.2 (0.09) |
19.6 (0.77) |
26.4 (1.04) |
22.7 (0.89) |
22.5 (0.89) |
174.8 (6.88) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 2.7 | 2.5 | 2.9 | 1.9 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 1.9 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 3.2 | 21.3 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 59 | 56 | 57 | 56 | 55 | 55 | 54 | 57 | 63 | 64 | 62 | 61 | 58 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 203.7 | 213.6 | 239.9 | 247.8 | 289.2 | 313.8 | 319.2 | 324.4 | 266.8 | 236.8 | 211.0 | 203.7 | 3,069.9 |
| Source 1: Institut National de la Météorologie (humidity 1961-1990, sun 1981–2010)[1][2][3][4][5][note 1] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: NOAA[7] | |||||||||||||
In popular culture
edit- Part of the town was used as a location for the 1999 US science fiction film Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace.[8]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Les normales climatiques en Tunisie entre 1981 2010" (in French). Ministère du Transport. Archived from the original on 19 December 2019. Retrieved 25 January 2020.
- ^ "Données normales climatiques 1961-1990" (in French). Ministère du Transport. Archived from the original on 21 December 2019. Retrieved 25 January 2020.
- ^ @EKMeteo (9 January 2021). "🌡️Chaleur exceptionnelle entre l'est..." (Tweet) – via Twitter.
- ^ "Les extrêmes climatiques en Tunisie" (in French). Ministère du Transport. Archived from the original on 21 December 2019. Retrieved 25 January 2020.
- ^ "Période ensoleillée 1981-2010 climatiques en Tunisie" (in French). Ministère du Transport. Archived from the original on 21 December 2019. Retrieved 26 December 2019.
- ^ "Réseau des stations météorologiques synoptiques de la Tunisie" (in French). Ministère du Transport. Archived from the original on 5 October 2022. Retrieved 3 January 2020.
- ^ "Climate Normals 1991-2020". NOAA.gov. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 18 September 2018.
- ^ "Movie-Locations.com: The Phantom Menace". Archived from the original on 2016-06-04. Retrieved 2011-03-21.
- ^ The Star Wars Traveler by Gus Lopez and Pamela Gren.
- ^ Loms Galactic Tours[permanent dead link] by Loms[permanent dead link].
- ^ Stars of the Desert - A journey across the dunes of Tunisia to discover lost "Tatooine" by Brady Walters.
Notes
editExternal links
edit
Media related to Medenine at Wikimedia Commons
- Medenine on Wookieepedia, a Star Wars wiki
- Lexicorient Archived 2012-07-16 at the Wayback Machine
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