Mehedinți County

Județul Mehedinți
Județul Mehedinți
County (Județ)
	<img alt="The Mehedinți county court building of the interwar period." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Tribunalul_jude%C8%9Bean_%28%C3%AEnc._sec._XX%29.JPG/250px-Tribunalul_jude%C8%9Bean_%28%C3%AEnc._sec._XX%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304"> The Mehedinți county court building of the interwar period.
	<img alt="Coat of arms of Județul Mehedinți" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Interbelic_Mehedinti_County_CoA.png/85px-Interbelic_Mehedinti_County_CoA.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="100" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="704"> Coat of arms
	<img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/Romania_1930_county_Mehedinti.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="195" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="195">
Country	<img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/25px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400"> Romania
Historic region	Oltenia
Capital city (Reședință de județ)	Turnu Severin
Area
• Total	5,320 km2 (2,050 sq mi)
Population (1930)
• Total	303,878
• Density	57/km2 (150/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+3 (EEST)

Mehedinți County

Județul Mehedinți
Mehedinți County Județul Mehedinți
County
	Rock sculpture of Decebalus
	Coat of arms
	Coordinates: 44°38′N 22°53′E / 44.63°N 22.88°E
Country	Romania
Development region	Sud-Vest
Historical region	Oltenia, Banat
Capital	Drobeta-Turnu Severin
Government
• Type	County Council
• President of the County Council	Aladin Gigi Georgescu [ro] (PSD)
• Prefect	Constantin-Alin Isuf [ro]
Area
• Total	4,933 km2 (1,905 sq mi)
• Rank	30th
Population (2021-12-01)
• Total	234,339
• Rank	39th
• Density	48/km2 (120/sq mi)
Telephone code	(+40) 252 or (+40) 352
ISO 3166 code	RO-MH
GDP (nominal)	US$1.278 billion (2015)
GDP per capita	US$5,024 (2015)
Website	County Council; County Prefecture

Mehedinți County (Romanian pronunciation: [meheˈdint͡sʲ] ^ⓘ) is a county (Romanian: județ) of Romania on the border with Serbia and Bulgaria. It is mostly located in the historical province of Oltenia, with one municipality (Orșova) and three communes (Dubova, Eșelnița, and Svinița) located in the Banat. The county seat is Drobeta-Turnu Severin.

Name

The county's name is Méhed or Mehádia in Hungarian. The Romanian form originates from the first one, and a third originates from the Romanian: Mehedinc. The territory was famous for its apiaries, that's why it was named from the Hungarian méh word meaning bee.^[3]

Demographics

In 2011, it had a population of 254,570 and the population density was 51.6/km².

Romanians - 96.1%^[4]
Roma - 3%
Others (including Serbs, Hungarians, and Germans) - 0.9%

Year	County population^[5]
1948	304,788
1956	304,091
1966	310,021
1977	322,371
1992	332,091
2002	306,732
2011	254,570
2021	234,339

Geography

Bulba River at Baia de Aramă

This county has a total area of 4,933 km².

In the North-West there are the Mehedinți Mountains with heights up to 1500 m, part of the Western end of the Southern Carpathians.

The heights decrease towards the East, passing through the hills to a high plain - the Western end of the Romanian Plain.

In the South the Danube flows, forming a wide valley, with channels and ponds. Another important river is the Motru River in the East side, an affluent of the Jiu River. Also, in the West side there is the Cerna River forming a passage between the Oltenia region and the Banat region.

Neighbours

Bulgaria in the South - Vidin Province.
Serbia in the West and South-West - Bor District.
Caraș-Severin County in the North-West.
Gorj County in the North-East.
Dolj County in the South-East.

Economy

The energetic sector is highly developed in the county, on the Danube being two big hydro electrical power plants (Iron Gates I and Iron Gates II). Also in NE of Drobeta-Turnu Severin there is a heavy water complex (Romag Prod).

The predominant industries in the county are:

Chemical industry.
Food and beverages industry.
Textile industry.
Mechanical components industry.
Railway and ship equipment industry.
Wood and paper industry.

In the North, coal and copper are extracted.

The South is mainly agricultural, suited for growing cereals on large surfaces. Also vegetables are cultivated and there are important surfaces of wines and fruit orchards.

Tourism

1715 coat of arms of Argeș, Teleorman and Mehedinți counties on the frontispice of the Antim Monastery

The main tourist destinations are:

The city of Drobeta-Turnu Severin - the ruins of Trajan's first bridge over the Danube
The city of Orșova.
The Mehedinți Mountains.
The Danube's Iron Gates.
Baia de Aramă Monastery
The Via Transilvanica long-distance hiking and biking trail, which crosses the county

Politics

The Mehedinți County Council, renewed at the 2020 local elections, consists of 30 counsellors, with the following party composition:^[6]

	Party	Seats	Current County Council
	Social Democratic Party (PSD)	15
	National Liberal Party (PNL)	11
	PRO Romania (PRO)	2
	People's Movement Party (PMP)	2

Administrative divisions

Ruins of Trajan's Bridge, Drobeta-Turnu Severin

Drobeta-Turnu Severin

Orșova

Mehedinți County has 2 municipalities, 3 towns and 61 communes

Municipalities
- Drobeta-Turnu Severin - capital city; population: 86,475 (as of 2011)
- Orșova
Towns

Historical county

Historically, the county was located in the southwestern part of Greater Romania, in the western part of the historical region of Oltenia. Its capital was Târgu Jiu. The interwar county territory comprised a large part of the current Mehedinți County. At present, its territory comprises a large part of the current territory of Mehedinţi County except for the northern part belonging to Gorj County, while a small part of the former Severin County where Orsova was located is currently part of Mehedinti County.

It was bordered on the west by the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, in the northwest by Severin County, to the north by Hunedoara County, to the east by the counties of Gorj and Dolj, and in the south by the Kingdom of Bulgaria.

Administration

Map of Mehedinți County as constituted in 1938.

The county was originally divided into four administrative districts (plăși):^[7]

Plasa Câmpul
Plasa Cloșani, headquartered at Cloșani
Plasa Motru, headquartered at Motru
Plasa Ocolul, headquartered at Turnu Severin

Subsequently, Plasa Câmpul was disbanded and replaced with five more districts:

Plasa Bâcleș, headquartered at Bâcleș
Plasa Broșteni, headquartered at Broșteni
Plasa Cujmir, headquartered at Cujmiru
Plasa Devesel, headquartered at Devesel
Plasa Vânju Mare, headquartered at Vânju Mare

Population

According to the 1930 census data, the county population was 303,878 inhabitants, ethnically divided as follows: 98.7% Romanians, 1.2% Romanis, as well as other minorities. From the religious point of view, the population was 99.0% Eastern Orthodox, 0.5% Roman Catholic, 0.2% Jewish, as well as other minorities.

Urban population

In 1930, the county's urban population comprised 91.3% Romanians, 2.5% Germans, 1.3% Romanies, 1.3% Jews, 1.1% Serbs and Croats, as well as other minorities. From the religious point of view, the urban population was composed of 92.9% Eastern Orthodox, 4.3% Roman Catholic, 1.5% Jewish, 0.4% Greek Catholic, 0.4% Lutheran, as well as other minorities.

References

^ "Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (XLS). National Institute of Statistics.
^ The number used depends on the numbering system employed by the phone companies on the market.
^ Faragó, Imre (2021). Zentai, László; Török, Zsolt (eds.). "Az ezredéves térkép tájnevei" [The names of physical geographical regions on a thousand-year-old map] (PDF). Studia Cartologica (in Hungarian). 16. Budapest: CC Printing Kft.: 131. ISSN 0495-1719.
^ National Institute of Statistics, "Populația după etnie" Archived August 16, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
^ National Institute of Statistics, "Populația la recensămintele din anii 1948, 1956, 1966, 1977, 1992 și 2002" Archived September 22, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
^ "Rezultatele finale ale alegerilor locale din 2020" (Json) (in Romanian). Autoritatea Electorală Permanentă. Retrieved 2020-11-02.
^ Portretul României Interbelice - Județul Mehedinți

External links

[1] "Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (XLS). National Institute of Statistics.

[2] The number used depends on the numbering system employed by the phone companies on the market.

[3] Faragó, Imre (2021). Zentai, László; Török, Zsolt (eds.). "Az ezredéves térkép tájnevei" [The names of physical geographical regions on a thousand-year-old map] (PDF). Studia Cartologica (in Hungarian). 16. Budapest: CC Printing Kft.: 131. ISSN 0495-1719.

[4] National Institute of Statistics, "Populația după etnie" Archived August 16, 2009, at the Wayback Machine

[5] National Institute of Statistics, "Populația la recensămintele din anii 1948, 1956, 1966, 1977, 1992 și 2002" Archived September 22, 2006, at the Wayback Machine

[6] "Rezultatele finale ale alegerilor locale din 2020" (Json) (in Romanian). Autoritatea Electorală Permanentă. Retrieved 2020-11-02.

[Memoria-7] Portretul României Interbelice - Județul Mehedinți

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Județul Mehedinți
County (Județ)
The Mehedinți county court building of the interwar period.
Coat of arms

Country	Romania
Historic region	Oltenia
Capital city (Reședință de județ)	Turnu Severin
Area
• Total	5,320 km² (2,050 sq mi)
Population (1930)
• Total	303,878
• Density	57/km² (150/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+3 (EEST)