Melocactus lemairei is a species of cactus endemic to the Caribbean island of Hispaniola (split between the Dominican Republic and Haiti). It is named after French botanist and cactus expert Charles Antoine Lemaire.[4]
| Melocactus lemairei | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Caryophyllales |
| Family: | Cactaceae |
| Subfamily: | Cactoideae |
| Genus: | Melocactus |
| Species: | M. lemairei
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| Binomial name | |
| Melocactus lemairei (Monv. ex Lem.) Miq. ex Lem.
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| Synonyms[2][3] | |
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Taxonomy
editMelocactus lemairei was described by M. Chevalier de Monville, Charles Antoine Lemaire, and Friedrich Anton Wilhelm Miquel, and published in L'Horticulteur Universel.[5]
Description
editMelocactus lemairei is a cylindrical or slightly pyramid-shaped green cactus that can grow up to 20 cm (8 inches) in height, and 20 to 30 cm (8 to 12 inches) in diameter. It has between 9 and 10 ribs with 8 to 10 spines each. These spines are yellow to brown in color, and can reach anywhere from 2 to 3 cm (1 inch) in length. The cephalium is brown, with white wool and thorn-like bristles, and grows up to 10 cm (4 inches). The flowers are pink, and grow to 2 cm long; they also have a diameter of 1.5 cm, protruding up to 1.2 cm from the cephalium. The pink fruits are up to 2 cm long.
Distribution and habitat
editMelocactus lemairei is endemic to Hispaniola, in the Hispaniolan dry forests ecoregion. It grows in dry, rocky soils, and also occurs in humid depressions. It can also be found on sea cliffs and rocky offshore islands. There is a notable population around Lake Enriquillo and its lake island, Isla Cabritos.
Ecology
editM. lemairei has been recorded to constitute some of the diet of the Ricord's iguana (Cyclura ricordii).[6]
Conservation
editMelocactus lemairei is listed as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List, due to it being found in less than 10 locations on Hispaniola, as well as being threatened by collection from the wild, and land clearing for agriculture, industry, and urban development.
Based on current knowledge of habitat degradation in Haiti, as well as it only containing one known population of this species (in and around Gonaïves), Melocactus lemairei is probably under threat in Haiti. This species is threatened by collection from the wild in the Dominican Republic; the cactus is often used as medicine and sold.
References
edit- ^ Taylor, N.P. & Gann, G.D. (2017). "Melocactus lemairi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T152738A121546770. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T152738A121546770.en. Retrieved 10 September 2020.
- ^ Melocactus lemairei on The Plant List.
- ^ Melocactus lemairei on Cactiguide.
- ^ Urs Eggli, Leonard E. Newton: Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg 2010, ISBN 978-3-642-05597-3, S. 135.
- ^ "Melocactus lemairei". Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved September 10, 2020.
- ^ Ottenwalder, Jose (2000). "Ricord's Iguana Cyclura ricordi". In Alberts, Allison (ed.). West Indian Iguanas: Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan (PDF). Gland: IUCN/SSC West Indian Iguana Specialist Group, IUCN. pp. 51–55. ISBN 2-8317-0456-1. Archived from the original on October 28, 2007.