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Mendeleyevsky District

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Mendeleyevsky District (Russian: Менделе́евский райо́н; Tatar: Менделеев районы) is a territorial administrative unit and municipal district of the Republic of Tatarstan within the Russian Federation. The district is located on the right bank of the Kama and on the Toyma River (a tributary of the Kama), 238 kilometers from Kazan. The administrative center of the district is Mendeleyevsk. At the beginning of 2020, the population of the district was 30,064.[3][4]

Mendeleyevsky District
Менделеевский район
District
Other transcription(s)
 • TatarМенделеевск районы
Kama River, Mendeleyevsky District
Kama River, Mendeleyevsky District
Flag of Mendeleyevsky District
Flag
Coat of arms of Mendeleyevsky District
Coat of arms
Map
Location of Mendeleyevsky District in the Republic of Tatarstan
Coordinates: 55°58′N 52°22′E / 55.967°N 52.367°E / 55.967; 52.367
CountryRussia
Federal subjectRepublic of Tatarstan
Established1930Edit this on Wikidata
Administrative centerMendeleyevsk
Area
 • Total746.4 km2 (288.2 sq mi)
Population
 (2010 Census)[1]
 • Total30,377
 • Density41/km2 (110/sq mi)
 • Urban
72.7%
 • Rural
27.3%
Administrative structure
 • Inhabited localities1 cities/towns, 35 rural localities
Municipal structure
 • Municipally incorporated asMendeleyevsky Municipal District
 • Municipal divisions1 urban settlements, 14 rural settlements
Time zoneUTC+3 (MSK Edit this on Wikidata[2])
OKTMO ID92639000
Websitehttp://mendeleevsk.tatarstan.ru/

The first settlements on the territory of the modern Mendeleevsky region appeared in the 17th century. The main impetus for the development of the region was the creation by Kapiton Ushkov in 1868 of a chemical plant, which for 2020 is a city-forming enterprise.[5][6]

In 2019, TASED was created in Mendeleevsk, it became the fifth such industrial park in the Republic of Tatarstan. In 2020 the TASED counted six companies are residents.[7]

Geography

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The Mendeleevsky municipal district borders on Udmurtia in the north, in the west on the Yelabuga, in the south on the Tukaevsky and in the east on the Agryz regions of the Republic of Tatarstan. The district occupies a total area of 746.4 km². The administrative center of the district is the city of Mendeleevsk.[4][8][9][10]

Coat of arms and flag

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The Council of the Mendeleevsky Municipal District of the Republic of Tatarstan approved the modern coat of arms and flag on 5 March 2007. There is an azure chemistry flask on the silver (white) background of the coat of arms. There is a horseshoe and a stirrup inside of the flask. These elements are borrowed from the family coat of arms of the Mendeleev family. The chemistry flask represents the chemical industry as the leading branch of the regional economy. Lily flowers symbolize the natural wealth of the area. The azure color symbolizes the water resources as the district is located on the shore of the Kama Reservoir. The flag of the district is designed on the basis of the coat of arms.[11][12]

History

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Epiphany Church in the Quiet Mountains

Background

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The first settlements on the territory of the modern Mendeleevsky district date back to the 17th–18th centuries. The main settlements were the village of Tikhie Gory, the village of Bondyuga and the village of Kamashevo. These villages were at one point part of the Kurakovskaya Volost of the Yelabuzhsky Uyezd of the Vyatka Governorate.[8]

Yegor Ushkov was a famous native of the village of Bondyuga. He opened a workshop for dyeing homemade canvas and yarn. Ushkov got rich quickly. His eldest son Yakov bought up the surrounding land using the Ushkov's savings. His grandson Kapiton Ushkov later opened a small plant for the production of Potassium dichromate in 1868. Over time, Kapiton's son Peter expanded production, building new workshops and introducing new technologies, making the company an important workplace in the region. In 1915, Lev Karpov who was the organizer of the chemical industry in the country arrived at the plant. Karpov helped to improve the work of the enterprise and organize the production of chloroform, hydrochloride, sulfur chloride, copper(II) sulfate, calcium chloride and liquid chlorine. The profit garnered by the plant was calculated in hundreds of millions of rubles. After 1917, the territory of the modern Mendleyevsky district was called the Bondyuzhsky district after the name of the industrial village.[13][5]

The territory of the Bondyuzhsky district belonged to the Vyatka Governorate until 1921. The district was liquidated and the entirety of its territory was transferred to the Yelabuga district on 20 January 1935. The Bondyuzhsky district was later abolished and its territories became part of the Yelabuga district in 1963 as a result of the consolidation of administration in the TASSR. The urban-type settlement Bondyuga was transformed into a city and renamed into Mendeleevsk on 11 August 1967. The Mendeleevsky district was formed around the city of Mendeleevsk on 15 August 1985.[13][14]

Contemporary Mendeleyevsky District

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The district was headed by Rustam Gafarov from 2006 to 2010 until he was replaced by Tagir Harmatullin. Harmatullin left his post of his own free will in 2012 (in 2018 he was charged with abuse of office as head of the Mendeleevsky and Tukayevsky districts). After Harmatullin's tenure Igor Privalov was appointed head of the district and in 2015 he moved to another position. To date, the Mendeleevsky District is headed by Valery Chershintsev.[15][16][17][18]

Population

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73.18% of the district's population are urban dwellers in the city of Mendeleevsk.

Municipal-territorial structure

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The Mendeleevsky municipal district has 1 urban and 14 rural settlements as well as 36 smaller settlements[9]. The administrative centers of these rural settlements are the villages Abalachi, Bizyaki, Bryushli, Yenaberdino, Ikskoye Uste, Izhevka, Kamayevo, Monashevo, Munayka, Pseevo, Staroye Grishkino, Tatar Chelny, Tikhonovo, Toyguzino, Turayevo and the city of Mendeleyevsk.

Economy

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Chemical plant in Mendeleevsk
 
Nitrogen storage complex

Industry

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The Mendeleevsky District is known for the production of basic chemical products, mineral fertilizers, oil and gas production. Significant reserves of raw materials and high-quality underground fresh and mineral water are concentrated in the district. Large enterprises "Prikamneft", "Kama Saks", "Spetsstroy" and others operate in Mendeleevsk.[4]

The main enterprise of the region is the Chemical Plant Karpov, founded by the Ushkov family in 1868. The plant is engaged in the production and sale of chemical products, food additives and reagents, including pharmacopoeia. The enterprise was purchased by the Moscow company "GSM Chemical" in October 2019. In 2019 the plant's net margin amounted to 4.8 million rubles while its revenue was 828.2 million.[19][20]

"Mende-Rossi" was one of the town-forming enterprises of the region in the 1990s. It was run by the brothers Gvidon and Ara Miribyan. The enterprise produced consumer goods and food products. The complex included a shoe factory, a sausage plant, a mini-bakery factory, and a furniture factory. The company's financial position became worse due to the owners' passion for gambling. In 1996 "Mende-Rossi" had a debt of more than 60 million rubles. The company was later liquidated in 2018.[21]

The "Ammoni" plant was opened in the district in 2006. It was joined with "Mendeleevskazot" in 2014. The enterprise is engaged in the production of universal fertilizers. The enterprise was renovated in 2011–2016. Funds for the reconstruction were partially allocated by the state corporation "VEB.RF". The company signed a contract with Tokyo for the similar project "Ammoni-2" in 2016. Additionally, the plant received a subsidy from the federal budget in the amount of 153 million rubles yet the plant's own revenue in 2019 was only 2 billion rubles. The "VEB.RF" company planned to invest about 12 billion rubles in the "Ammoni" plant.[22][23][24][25][26]

The value of goods produced in the region was valued at 14.3 billion rubles in January–September 2020.[27]

Agriculture

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The main crops grown in the Mendeleevsky region are rye, barley, oats, peas, and potatoes. There are state programs for local entrepreneurs designated "Support for novice farmers" and "Development local farms". With the assistance of these programs agricultural enterprises received over 32 thousand hectares of arable land. Four agricultural consumer co-operatives were created in the district in 2018. In the same year the gross output of the agricultural sector amounted to more than 1 billion rubles and the gross grain harvest was 33.8 thousand tons. In terms of the level of agricultural development in 2016, the district occupied the 42nd position in the republic. This ranking is largely related to the fact that agriculture is not the main economic activity of the district. The district is also among the outliers for milk production in the 2019. In the first half of 2020, the gross output of agriculture of the region amounted to 151 million rubles.[4][28][10]

Investment potential

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Main article: Alabuga Special Economic Zone

The region relies on the development of competitive industries that take advantage of the increasing complexity of agriculture and the strengths of the district. The project to create an industrial park "Ammoni Agro" was initiated in 2016 on site established 10 km from Mendeleevsk, next to the "Ammoni" plant. The production of fertilizer will become the basis of production at "Ammoni Agro". The park encompasses 50 hectares. The volume of investment in the facility amounted to 1.2 billion rubles for 2016. Among the entities at the park are "Grand-M Trade" (100 million in investment) and "GSM Chemical" (invested 200.9 million rubles). The opening of the park was scheduled for the spring of 2018 and the completion of the main stages of development is expected by 2020.[29][30][31]

The management of the SEZ (the Special Economic Zone) "Alabuga" bought 487 hectares in the Mendeleevsky district for 1.1 billion rubles for the purpose of constructing its own industrial park in 2017. The proposed site is intended for new industries processing "Ammoni's" products.[32]

TASED (the Territory of Advanced Social-Economic Development) was created on the territory of Mendeleevsk in 2019. It is the fifth and youngest territory in the republic for the development of small and medium-sized businesses in special economic conditions. The minimum requirements for residents is less than the regional one: investments of 2.5 million rubles and the creation of at least 10 jobs in the first year of work. There are six residents in Mendeleevsk in 2020. The city authorities announced that they are negotiating with three potential residents, whose combined investment total 450 million rubles[7][33][34]..

The total volume of investment in the district (excluding budgetary funds) amounted to 377 million rubles from January–June 2020[27]

Transport

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The total length of all highways in the region is 397.72 km. The main highways in the district are the M7 (Volga) "Yelabuga -Izhevsk – Perm" and "Naberezhnye Chelny – Mendeleevsk – Tersi – Agryz". There are four urban, four suburban and two intercity bus routes in the district. The main railway stations serving the district are "Mendeleevsk", "Toima" and "Tikhonovo".[35]

Ecology

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Clay cliff of the Kama river

A specially protected zone was created in Mendeleevsk in 1999. Its area is 5.1 hectares and includes a natural site on the banks of the Toyma River with the estate of the Ushkov breeders. Pine, fir, larch, linden, maple, poplar, mountain ash grow in the park [6]. The "Ammoni" plant works to reduce the negative impact on the environment. Thus, the enterprise refused to discharge wastewater into the Kama River. According to the environmentalists of the supervisory authorities, the maximum concentration of atmospheric pollutants from the plant does not exceed the permissible values even with the most unfavorable weather conditions.[6][25]

Society and Culture

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Celebrating Victory Day

There are 24 secondary schools, 21 preschool institutions, one vocational school, a children's art school, 22 libraries, the Palace of Culture and a local history museum in the Mendeleevsky district. There are also 109 sports facilities with clubs for 26 sports in the region. The Tatar language and literature is taught in all district schools. The largest medical institution in the region is the Central Hospital with an ambulance station and 22 obstetric hospital branches.[4][28][10]

The share of income from tourism and recreational services is less than 1% of the budget of the Mendeleevsky municipal district. There are 14 objects of cultural heritage of Tatarstan in the region. One of them is the Church of the Epiphany in the village of Tikhie Gory, which was built in 1818. The average annual number of visitors to regional ethnographic museums is only 550 persons. Two large excursion routes were created in the region – "Mendeleevsk: history and modernity" and "Mendeleevsk is the city of military glory" in 2016.[10][36]

References

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  1. ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
  2. ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). 3 June 2011. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
  3. ^ "Численность населения муниципальных образований Республики Татарстан" [Population of municipalities of the Republic of Tatarstan] (PDF). ТатарстанСтат. 2020. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  4. ^ a b c d e "Менделеевский район" [Mendeleevsky district]. Татцентр.ру. 2020. Retrieved 9 November 2020.
  5. ^ a b Артем Субботкин (6 November 2015). "Наследники ушковских миллионов" [The heirs of the ushkovsky millions]. Газета Республика Татарстан. Retrieved 9 November 2020.
  6. ^ a b Иванов 2015.
  7. ^ a b Асхат Идиятуллин (23 January 2020). ""Ну представьте себе, уже два миллиардера из списка Forbes зашли в Менделеевск!"" [Well, imagine, two billionaires from the Forbes list have already entered Mendeleevsk!]. Бизнес Online. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  8. ^ a b Фарида Забирова (29 May 2019). "Исторические поселения Татарстана. МЕНДЕЛЕЕВСК" [Historical settlements of Tatarstan. MENDELEEVSK]. Журнал «Казань». Retrieved 9 November 2020.
  9. ^ "Об установлении границ территорий и статусе муниципального образования "Менделеевский муниципальный район" и муниципальных образований в его составе" [On the establishment of the boundaries of the territories and the status of the municipal formation "Mendeleevsky municipal district" and the municipalities in its composition]. АО «Кодекс». 25 December 2019. Retrieved 9 November 2020.
  10. ^ a b c d "Стратегия социально-экономического развития Менделеевского муниципального района на период 2016–2021 годы и плановый период до 2030 года" [The strategy of social and economic development of the Mendeleevsky municipal district for the period 2016–2021 and the planning period until 2030] (PDF). Совет Менделеевского муниципального района. 2016. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  11. ^ "Флаг Менделеевского района" [Flag of the Mendeleevsky District]. Геральдика.ру. 5 March 2007. Retrieved 9 November 2020.
  12. ^ "Герб Менделеевского района" [Coat of arms of the Mendeleevsky district]. Геральдика.ру. 5 March 2007. Retrieved 9 November 2020.
  13. ^ a b Маслова 2018.
  14. ^ Лев Жаржевский (17 March 2017). "Образование ТАССР: от Татаро-Башкирской республики и штата Идель-Урал к 10 кантонам и 70 районам" [Formation of the TASSR: from the Tatar-Bashkir Republic and the Idel-Ural state to 10 cantons and 70 regions]. Реальное время. Retrieved 9 November 2020.
  15. ^ "Главой Менделеевска избран Валерий Чершинцев" [Valery Chershintsev was elected the head of Mendeleevsk]. Татар-Информ. 25 September 2020. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  16. ^ "Рустам Гафаров: "Я не гонялся за авторитетом и большими деньгами"" [Rustam Gafarov: "I was not chasing authority and big money"]. Менделеевский новости. 11 January 2017. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  17. ^ Равиль Сабиров (8 October 2014). "Игорь Привалов станет гуру для чиновников" [Igor Privalov will become a guru for officials]. Бизнес Online. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  18. ^ "В Казани арестован бывший глава Тукаевского и Менделеевского районов Татарстана" [Former head of Tukayevsky and Mendeleevsky districts of Tatarstan arrested in Kazan]. Реальное время. 18 January 2019. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  19. ^ "Чистая прибыль химзавода в Менделеевске сократилась до 14,8 млн рублей В 2019 году" [The net profit of the chemical plant in Mendeleevsk decreased to 14.8 million rubles In 2019]. Татцентр. 17 March 2020. Retrieved 9 November 2020.
  20. ^ "Химзавод им. Карпова в Менделеевске покинул гендиректор Дамир Шамсин" [Chemical plant them. General Director Damir Shamsin left Karpov in Mendeleevsk]. Бизнес Online. 1 May 2020. Retrieved 9 November 2020.
  21. ^ Валентина Шистерова (14 April 2020). "На пути ТОСЭР "Менделеевск" встал призрак бизнеса из 90-х" [On the way of TASED "Mendeleevsk" there was a ghost of business from the 90s]. Бизнес Online. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  22. ^ "Банкротство химзавода "Аммоний" в Татарстане прекращено" [Bankruptcy of the Ammoniy chemical plant in Tatarstan terminated]. Коммерсантъ. 7 October 2020. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
  23. ^ Любовь Шебалова (30 July 2020). "Дорога к "Аммонию" пролегла через суд" [The road to "Ammonia" ran through the court]. Реальное время. Retrieved 9 November 2020.
  24. ^ Анастасия Степанова (28 November 2019). "Завод "Аммоний": от инвестора-миллиардера до банкротных претензий ВЭБ" [Ammoniy plant: from billionaire investor to bankruptcy claims of VEB]. ИА REGNUM. Retrieved 9 November 2020.
  25. ^ a b Валентина Шистерова (21 February 2018). "У ВЭБа на крючке: как "Аммоний" барахтается в валютной ловушке" [VEB is on the hook: how Ammonium walks in a currency trap]. Бизнес Online. Retrieved 9 November 2020.
  26. ^ "Где в Татарстане жить хорошо: рейтинг районов республики по качеству жизни" [Where to live well in Tatarstan: rating of regions of the republic in terms of quality of life]. InKazan. 16 March 2020. Retrieved 9 November 2020.
  27. ^ a b "Рейтинг социально-экономического развития муниципальных районов и городских округов Республики Татарстан за январь-сентябрь 2020 года" [Rating of socio-economic development of municipal districts and urban districts of the Republic of Tatarstan for January–September 2020]. Министерство экономики Республики Татарстан. Официальный сайт. 2 November 2020. Retrieved 7 November 2020.
  28. ^ a b Гузель Хасаншина (15 May 2015). ""Бондюжский" характер всегда на высоте!" [The "Bonduzhsky" character is always on top!]. Известия Татарстана. Retrieved 9 November 2020.
  29. ^ "В Татарстане появится промышленный парк по выпуску удобрений "Аммоний-Агро"" [An industrial park for the production of fertilizers "Ammoniy-Agro" will appear in Tatarstan]. InKazan. 2 November 2016. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  30. ^ Валентина Шистерова (16 March 2020). ""Сейчас несколько автобусов ездит из Менделеевска на КАМАЗ. Нужно вернуть людей обратно"" [“Now several buses go from Mendeleevsk to KAMAZ. We need to bring people back "]. Бизнес Online. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  31. ^ Диана Авакян (26 October 2017). "Гендиректор АО "Аммоний-Агро": Агропромпарк в Менделеевске будет запущен весной 2018 года" [General Director of Ammoniy-Agro JSC: Agro-industrial park in Mendeleevsk will be launched in spring 2018]. Татар-Информ. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
  32. ^ Елена Иванова, Влас Мысько, Иван Скрябин, Наталья Голобурдова (19 December 2017). ""Алабуга-3" – сосед "Аммония": в Татарстане создают мегапарк для производства удобрений". Бизнес Online. Retrieved 10 November 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  33. ^ Анжела Райсян (15 March 2020). "Три новых резидента ТОСЭР в Менделеевске создадут более 50 рабочих мест" [Three new residents of PSEDA in Mendeleevsk will create more than 50 jobs]. Менделеевские новости. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  34. ^ Луиза Игнатьева (19 February 2019). "Менделеевск принят в семью ТОСЭР и тоже ждет китайцев" [Mendeleevsk was accepted into the TASED family and is also waiting for the Chinese]. Реальное время. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  35. ^ "Об утверждении муниципальной целевой программы "Развитие транспортной инфраструктуры Менделеевского муниципального района на 2016–2020 гг. и на период до 2030 года"" [On the approval of the municipal target program "Development of the transport infrastructure of the Mendeleevsky municipal district for 2016–2020. and for the period up to 2030 "] (PDF). Исполнительный комитет муниципального района. 22 June 2016. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  36. ^ "Церковь Богоявления, 1818–1835 гг., перестр. 1903 г., арх.А.Лихачева" [Church of the Epiphany, 1818–1835, rebuilt 1903, architect A. Likhachev]. Наследие Татарстана. 2020. Retrieved 10 November 2020.

Sources

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  • Маслова, И.В. (2018). История Менделеевска в документах и материалах [History of Mendeleevsk in documents and materials] (in Russian). Kazan: КГУ.
  • Экологический гид по зеленым уголкам Республики Татарстан [Ecological guide to the green corners of the Republic of Tatarstan] (in Russian). 2015.
  • М. Х. Хасанов (2008). Татарская энциклопедия [Tatar Encyclopedia] (in Russian). Vol. 4. Kazan: Институт Татарской Энциклопедии. pp. 133–134.
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