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Mercedes-Benz W124

(Redirected from Mercedes-Benz S124)

The Mercedes-Benz W124 is a range of executive cars made by Daimler-Benz from 1984 to 1997. The range included numerous body configurations, and though collectively referred to as the W-124, official internal chassis designations varied by body style: saloon (W 124); estate (S 124); coupé (C 124); cabriolet (A 124); limousine (V 124); rolling chassis (F 124); and long-wheelbase rolling chassis (VF 124).

Mercedes-Benz W124
1988 Mercedes-Benz W 124
Overview
ManufacturerDaimler-Benz
Production
  • November 1984–August 1995 (sedan)
  • October 1985–June 1996 (estate)
  • April 1987–late 1996 (coupé)
  • March 1992–July 1997 (convertible)
Model years
  • 1986–1995 (saloon)
  • 1987–1996 (coupé/convertible)
  • 2,562,143 built
Assembly
Designer
  • Joseph Gallitzendörfer and Peter Pfeiffer (initial design)
  • Bruno Sacco (final design)[4][5]
Body and chassis
ClassExecutive car[6]/Grand tourer (E/S)
Body style
LayoutFront engine, rear-wheel drive / four-wheel drive
RelatedMercedes-Benz E-Class
Ssangyong Chairman
Powertrain
Engine
Transmission
Dimensions
Wheelbase
  • saloon/estate: 110.2 in (2,799 mm)
  • coupé/convertible: 106.9 in (2,715 mm)
  • limousine: 141.7 in (3,599 mm)
Length
  • saloon: 187.2 in (4,755 mm)
  • estate: 188.2 in (4,780 mm)
  • coupé: 183.9 in (4,671 mm)
  • limo: 218.1 in (5,540 mm)
Width
  • 68.5 in (1,740 mm)
  • 500 E saloon: 70.7 in (1,796 mm)
Height
  • estate: 59.8 in (1,519 mm)
  • saloon: 56.3 in (1,430 mm)
  • 500 E saloon: 55.4 in (1,407 mm)
  • coupé: 55.5 in (1,410 mm)
  • convertible: 54.8 in (1,392 mm)
  • limo: 58.3 in (1,481 mm)
Curb weight
  • 2,798 lb (1,269 kg)
  • 3,598 lb (1,632 kg)
Chronology
PredecessorMercedes-Benz W123
Successor

From 1993, the 124 series was officially marketed as the E-Class. The W 124 followed the 123 series from 1984 and was succeeded by the W 210 E-Class (saloons, estates, rolling chassis) after 1995, and the C 208 CLK-Class (coupés, and cabriolets) in 1997.

In North America, the W124 was launched in early November 1985 as a 1986 model and marketed through the 1995 model year. Series production began at the beginning of November 1984, with press presentation on Monday, 26 November 1984 in Seville, Spain, and customer deliveries and European market launch starting in January 1985.

History

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The 1984 W 124, without plastic door side panels
 
The 1989 W 124 retains the front portion of the 1984 model, and includes plastic door side panels and painted mirrors
 
The 1993 W 124 has a different front design, retains the plastic side panels, and has an extended rear bumper

The W124 was a mid-sized vehicle platform, which entered planning in the autumn of 1976 under development Hans Scherenberg. In July 1977, the W124 program officially began, with R&D commencing work under newly appointed Werner Breitschwerdt. In April 1978, decisions were made to base it on the Mercedes-Benz W201 model program. By April 1979, a package plan was completed for the program, laying out the guidelines of the project. During the winter of 1980–1981, the final exterior for the W124 program was completed, chosen as the leading proposal by design director Bruno Sacco, and approved by the board of management in early 1981. By mid-1982, the first prototypes reflective of the production design, were assembled and sent to testing. In March 1984, pilot production commenced and development of the sedan concluded with engineering sign-off.[7][8]

Front suspension used a separate spring and damper with a rubber top mount. The rear suspension of the W124 featured the Mercedes multi-link axle introduced in 1982 with the Mercedes W201 and which is now standard on many modern cars. Estate cars (and optionally, saloons and coupés) had Citroën-like rear self-leveling suspension with suspension struts rather than shock absorbers, gas-filled suspension spheres to provide damping and an under bonnet pressurizing pump. Unlike the traditional Citroën application, the Mercedes suspension system had a fixed ride height and employed rear coil springs to maintain the static ride height when parked.

 
The 4 Matic all-wheel drive system first introduced on the W124

The W124 was the first Mercedes series to be fitted with the iconic 15-hole, flat-faced alloy wheels characteristic of Mercedes-Benz cars of the 1980s and 1990s. The alloy wheels were nicknamed 'Gullideckel' or manhole covers, because they resemble manhole or drainage covers in Germany, which are consistently round in shape with a series of 15- or 16-holes around the outer edge, often within a concentric ring. Gullideckel wheels in a variety of diameter and offset specifications were later incorporated into the facelift versions of the W126 S-Class, R107 SL and W201 190E series, and were also the 'non-option' wheel on the R129 SL-Class roadster.[9]

Much of the 124's engineering and many of its features were advanced automotive technology at its introduction, incorporating innovations that have been adopted throughout the industry.[10] It had one of the lowest coefficient of drag (Cd) of any vehicle of the time (0.28 for the 200/200D model for the European market with 185/65 R15 tires) due to its aerodynamic body, that included plastic molding for the undercarriage to streamline airflow beneath the car, reducing fuel consumption and wind noise. It had a single windscreen wiper that had an eccentric mechanism at its base that extended the wiper's reach to the top corners of the windscreen (more than if it had traveled in a simple arc). The saloon/sedan, coupés and convertibles had optional rear headrests that would fold down remotely to improve rearward visibility when required. This feature was not available for the T-model because of its specific layout (no space to store the retractable headrests), but the estate serially came with a "neighbour-friendly" rear door that was pulled in the shut-position silently and automatically by a sensor-controlled servomotor. This allowed the use of a tighter fitting rear gate, minimizing the cabin noise in the T-model - sometimes an area of concern for station wagons.[11]

The estate cars (chassis designation S124) came in 5 or 7-seat models, the 7-seater having a rear-facing bench seat that folded flush luggage compartment cover and an optional (in the US until 1994) retractable cargo net. To provide a flat loading floor with the seat folded down, the T-model's rear seat squab was mounted about 10 cm (3.9 in) higher than in saloons, robbing rear seat passengers of some head room.[11] The S124 estate continued in production alongside the new W210 until the S210 estate launched more than a year later. A two-door coupé version was also built, with the chassis designation C124.

The E 320, E 220, and E 200 cabriolets ceased production in 1997. Indian assembly (in a joint-venture with Telco called Mercedes-Benz India) began in March 1995.[1] Offered with five-cylinder diesel engines built by Mercedes' Indian partner Bajaj Tempo,[12] the W124 was replaced there in December 1997.[1]

Models

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The pre-facelift models from 1985 to 1993 used the model designations: 200/200 T (carburettor), 200 E/200 TE (originally intended for Italian market due to Italy's tax rates on cars larger than 2 liters; available in Germany since September 1988),[13] 200 CE, 230 E/230 TE, 230 CE, 260 E (saloon only), 300 E/TE, 300 CE, 300 E-24/300 CE-24/300 TE-24 valve, 400 E (not in the UK), & 500 E (LHD only in the UK). Diesel models consisted of the following designations; the 200 D/200 TD (not in the UK), 250 D/250 TD and the 300 D/300 TD. Facelift models produced from 1993 to 1996 used the following model designations: E 200, E 220, E 280, E 320, E 420 (not in the UK) & E 500 (LHD only in the UK). Both saloon and estate versions of the facelifted model carried the same model designation on their boot lid, i.e. the T was no longer used for estate versions. In the UK post-facelift diesels were E 250 Diesel (saloon only) and E 300 Diesel (saloon & estate) models. The W124 was also offered as a long wheelbase saloon targeted for taxi companies, but the more luxury equipped version was also used as a limousine.[14][15]

The table gives preproduction to end of production as per Daimler.[16] Daimler lists November 1984 as the start of production for the series but also lists 1985 as part of preproduction for any specific early model. No regular deliveries occurred in 1984.

Chassis code Years Model Engine Body style
124.019 1993–1994 200 E 2.0 L M111.940 I4 Sedan/Saloon
1994–1996 E 200
124.020 1985–1990 200 2.0 L M102.922 I4 Sedan/Saloon
124.021 1985–1992 200 E 2.0 L M102.963 I4 Sedan/Saloon
124.022 1992–1994 220 E 2.2 L M111.960 I4 Sedan/Saloon
1994–1996 E 220
124.023 1985–1992 230 E 2.3 L M102.982 I4 Sedan/Saloon
124.026 1985–1992 260 E 2.6 L M103.940 I6 Sedan/Saloon
1990–1992 300 E 2.6
124.028 1992–1993 280 E, 300 E 2.8 2.8 L M104.942 I6 Sedan/Saloon
1994–1996 E 280
124.030 1985–1992 300 E 3.0 L M103.983 I6 Sedan/Saloon
124.031 1989–1992 300 E-24 3.0 L M104.980 I6 Sedan/Saloon
124.032 1992–1995 300 E, 320 E 3.2 L M104.992 I6 Sedan/Saloon
1994–1996 E 320
124.034 1992–1993 400 E 4.2 L M119.975 V8 Sedan/Saloon
1994–1996 E 420
124.036 1991–1993 500 E 5.0 L M119.974 V8 Sedan/Saloon
1994 E 500
124.036 (options 957, 958) 1993–1994 E 60 AMG 6.0 L M119 E60 V8 Sedan/Saloon
124.120 1986–1989 200 D 2.0 L OM601.912 Diesel I4 Sedan/Saloon
124.125 1986–1989 250 D 2.5 L OM602.912 Diesel I5 Sedan/Saloon
124.126 1993–1996 E 250 Diesel 2.5 L OM605.911 Diesel I5 Sedan/Saloon
124.128 1990–1993 250 D Turbo, 300 D 2.5 Turbo 2.5 L OM602.962 Turbo Diesel I5 Sedan/Saloon
124.130 1985–1993 300 D 3.0 L OM603.912 Diesel I6 Sedan/Saloon
124.131 1994–1996 E 300 Diesel 3.0 L OM606.910 Diesel I6 Sedan/Saloon
124.133 1987–1993 300 D Turbo 3.0 L OM603.960 Turbo Diesel I6 Sedan/Saloon
124.226 1986–1993 260 E, 300 E 2.6 4Matic 2.6 L M103.943 I6 Sedan/Saloon
124.230 1986–1993 300 E 4Matic 3.0 L M103.985 I6 Sedan/Saloon
124.330 1986–1993 300 D 4Matic 3.0 L OM603.913 I6 Sedan/Saloon
124.333 1988–1993 300 D Turbo 4Matic 3.0 L OM603.963 I6 Sedan/Saloon
124.040 1992–1993 200 CE-16 2.0 L M111.940 I4 Coupé
1993–1996 E 200
124.042 1993–1994 220 CE 2.2 L M111.960 I4 Coupé
1994–1996 E 220
124.043 1987–1992 230 CE 2.3 L M102.982 I4 Coupé
124.050 1988–1992 300 CE 3.0 L M103.983 I6 Coupé
124.051 1990–1993 300 CE-24 3.0 L M104.980 I6 Coupé
124.052 1993–1994 300 CE, 320 CE 3.2 L M104.992 I6 Coupé
1994–1996 E 320
124.060 1993–1994 200 CE 2.0 L M111.940 I4 Cabriolet
1994–1996 E 200
124.061 1990–1993 300 CE-24 3.0 L M104.980 I6 Cabriolet
124.062 1993–1994 220 CE 2.2 L M111.960 I4 Cabriolet
1994–1996 E 220
124.066 1993–1994 300 CE, 320 CE 3.2 L M104.992 I6 Cabriolet
1994–1996 E 320
124.079 1993–1994 200 TE 2.0 L M111.940 I4 Estate
1994–1996 E 200
124.080 1985–1993 200 T 2.0 L M102.922 I4 Estate
124.081 1986–1993 200 TE 2.0 L M102.963 I4 Estate
124.082 1993–1996 E 220 2.2 L M111.960 I4 Estate
124.083 1985–1992 [17][18] 230 TE 2.3 L M102.982 I4 Estate
124.088 1992–1993 280 TE, 300 TE 2.8 2.8 L M104.942 I6 Estate
1994–1996 E 280
124.090 1988–1991 300 TE 3.0 L M103.983 I6 Estate
124.091 1989–1992 300 TE-24 3.0 L M104.980 I6 Estate
124.290 1986–1993 300 TE 4Matic 3.0 L M103.985 I6 Estate
124.092 1993–1994 300 TE, 320 TE 3.2 L M104.992 I6 Estate
1994–1996 E 320
124.180 1986–1989 200 TD 2.0 L OM601.912 Diesel I4 Estate
124.185 1986–1989 250 TD 2.5 L OM602.912 Diesel I5 Estate
124.393 1986–1993 300 TD Turbo 4Matic 3.0 L OM603.963 I6 Estate
[19]

Dimensions and weight

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Body style Wheelbase Length Width Height Curb weight
Sedan/Saloon 2,800 mm (110.2 in) 4,740 mm (186.6 in) 1,740 mm (68.5 in) 1,428 mm (56.2 in)
1,451 mm (57.1 in) (4Matic)		 1,390 kg (3,064 lb)
Sedan/Saloon LWB 3,600 mm (141.7 in) 5,540 mm (218.1 in) 1,740 mm (68.5 in) 1,480 mm (58.3 in) 1,635 kg (3,605 lb)
Estate 2,800 mm (110.2 in) 4,765 mm (187.6 in) 1,740 mm (68.5 in) 1,489 mm (58.6 in)
1,498 mm (59.0 in) (4Matic)		 1,510 kg (3,329 lb)
Coupé 2,715 mm (106.9 in) 4,655 mm (183.3 in) 1,740 mm (68.5 in) 1,394 mm (54.9 in)
1,391 mm (54.8 in) (convertible)		 1,390 kg (3,064 lb)
500 E 2,800 mm (110.2 in) 4,750 mm (187.0 in) 1,796 mm (70.7 in) 1,410 mm (55.5 in) 1,710 kg (3,770 lb)
[14][20][21][22][23][24][25]
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  •  
    W 124 sedan (1989–1993)
  •  
    W 124 sedan (1989–1993)
  •  
    W 124 sedan (1989–1993, Canada)
  •  
    S 124 estate (1989–1993)
  •  
    W 124 CE coupé (1991–1993)
  •  
    A 124 convertible (1993)
  •  
    V 124 Limousine (1989–1993)
  •  
    Interior (Daytime, 200 E)
  •  
    Interior (Nighttime, 300 E)
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  •  
    Mercedes-Benz W124 sedan (U.S.-spec.)
  •  
    Mercedes-Benz W124 sedan
  •  
    Mercedes-Benz W124 sedan
  •  
    Mercedes-Benz S124 estate
  •  
    Mercedes-Benz C124 coupé
  •  
    A124 convertible

500 E

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Main article: Mercedes-Benz 500 E
 
1992 Mercedes-Benz 500 E (W124; US)
 
1992 Mercedes-Benz 500 E (W124; US)

Mercedes-Benz sold a high performance version of the W124, the 500 E, created in close cooperation with and assembled by Porsche. It used the 5.0 L 32-valve V8 M119 Engine based on the engine from the 500 SL (R129) roadster. Porsche engineered the suspension and chassis design with a performance bias. Mercedes entered an agreement with Porsche to assemble the vehicles at their plant in Zuffenhausen, as the automaker was in crisis, and its factory capacity was underutilized.[26] Porsche also constructed the chassis for the 400 E, which was in essence identical to the 500 E's chassis.[27]

Masterpiece

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Mercedes-Benz W124 Masterpiece rear label
 
Mercedes-Benz W124 Masterpiece gear knob

In some countries, the final batch of W124 was sold as the limited edition Masterpiece in 1995. Following the impending release of its successor, the Mercedes-Benz W210, the remaining units of W124 were fitted with additional accessories found in stock models such as walnut wood steering wheel (optional), airbag for front passenger, walnut center console glove box, electric rear blind and rear seat side window sunshade (optional).[28] There were also 4 unique pieces of accessories fitted to Masterpieces which were not available to any other W124 around the world – gear knob engraved with the word Masterpiece, stainless door sills engraved with Mercedes Benz, Masterpiece label on the right side of the boot and the new 6-hole light alloy wheels.[29]

Engines

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W 124 models with turbocharged OM 602 or OM 603 engines, as well as naturally aspirated OM 605 or OM 606 engines can easily be identified by their air intake slits in the front right wing
Engine Cyl. Power Torque 0–100 km/h (0-62 mph)
(sec.)		 Maximum speed Fuel consumption (Euro mix)
Gasoline
2.0 8V (200) I4 105 PS (77 kW; 104 hp) 160 N⋅m (118 lb⋅ft) 12.6 187 km/h (116 mph)
2.0 8V I4 109 PS (80 kW; 108 hp) 170 N⋅m (125 lb⋅ft)
2.0 8V (E 200) I4 118 PS (87 kW; 116 hp) 172 N⋅m (127 lb⋅ft) 12.0–14.0 175–190 km/h (109–118 mph) 8.6 L/100 km (33 mpg‑imp; 27 mpg‑US)
2.3 8V I4 132 PS (97 kW; 130 hp) 198 N⋅m (146 lb⋅ft) 10.4 204 km/h (127 mph)
2.0 16V I4 136 PS (100 kW; 134 hp) 190 N⋅m (140 lb⋅ft) 11.5–12.1 183–200 km/h (114–124 mph) 8.7 L/100 km (32 mpg‑imp; 27 mpg‑US)
2.3 8V I4 136 PS (100 kW; 134 hp) 205 N⋅m (151 lb⋅ft) 11.2–13.5 185–200 km/h (115–124 mph) 9.0 L/100 km (31 mpg‑imp; 26 mpg‑US)
2.2 16V I4 150 PS (110 kW; 148 hp) 210 N⋅m (155 lb⋅ft) 10.6–11.1 193–210 km/h (120–130 mph) 8.8 L/100 km (32 mpg‑imp; 27 mpg‑US)
2.6 12V I6 160 PS (118 kW; 158 hp) 220 N⋅m (162 lb⋅ft) 9.0-11.3 200–215 km/h (124–134 mph)
2.6 12V I6 166 PS (122 kW; 164 hp) 230 N⋅m (170 lb⋅ft) 8.7–10.5 210–218 km/h (130–135 mph) 10.0 L/100 km (28 mpg‑imp; 24 mpg‑US)
2.6 12V I6 170 PS (125 kW; 168 hp) 240 N⋅m (177 lb⋅ft) 8.7 212 km/h (132 mph) 10.5 L/100 km (27 mpg‑imp; 22 mpg‑US)
3.0 12V I6 180 PS (132 kW; 178 hp) 255 N⋅m (188 lb⋅ft) 7.9–9.1 207–225 km/h (129–140 mph) 10.9 L/100 km (26 mpg‑imp; 21.6 mpg‑US)
3.0 12V I6 188 PS (138 kW; 185 hp) 260 N⋅m (192 lb⋅ft) 7.9–9.6 207–228 km/h (129–142 mph) 10.9 L/100 km (26 mpg‑imp; 21.6 mpg‑US)
2.8 24V I6 193 PS (142 kW; 190 hp) 270 N⋅m (199 lb⋅ft) 8.8-10.2 213–230 km/h (132–143 mph) 10.7 L/100 km (26 mpg‑imp; 22 mpg‑US)
2.8 24V I6 197 PS (145 kW; 194 hp) 270 N⋅m (199 lb⋅ft) 8.8–9.1 213–230 km/h (132–143 mph) 10.7 L/100 km (26 mpg‑imp; 22 mpg‑US)
3.0 24V I6 220 PS (162 kW; 217 hp) 265 N⋅m (195 lb⋅ft) 7.8–8.4 217–237 km/h (135–147 mph) 11.0 L/100 km (26 mpg‑imp; 21.4 mpg‑US)
3.2 24V I6 220 PS (162 kW; 217 hp) 310 N⋅m (229 lb⋅ft) 7.8–8.3 235–243 km/h (146–151 mph) 10.9 L/100 km (26 mpg‑imp; 21.6 mpg‑US)
3.6 24V AMG I6 272 PS (200 kW; 268 hp) 385 N⋅m (284 lb⋅ft) 7.0–7.2 250 km/h (155 mph) 11.0 L/100 km (26 mpg‑imp; 21.4 mpg‑US)
4.2 32V (E 420) V8 279 PS (205 kW; 275 hp) or 286 PS (210 kW; 282 hp) 400 N⋅m (295 lb⋅ft) or 410 N⋅m (302 lb⋅ft) 6.8–7.2 250 km/h (155 mph) 11.8 L/100 km (24 mpg‑imp; 19.9 mpg‑US)
4.2 32V (400E 4.2 AMG) V8 312 PS (229 kW; 308 hp) 425 N⋅m (313 lb⋅ft) 250 km/h (155 mph)
5.0 32V (500E) V8 326 PS (240 kW; 322 hp) 480 N⋅m (354 lb⋅ft) 5.9–6.1 250 km/h (155 mph) 13.5 L/100 km (20.9 mpg‑imp; 17.4 mpg‑US)
5.0 32V (E 500) V8 320 PS (235 kW; 316 hp) 480 N⋅m (354 lb⋅ft) 5.9–6.1 250 km/h (155 mph)
6.0 32V AMG V8 381 PS (280 kW; 376 hp) 580 N⋅m (428 lb⋅ft) 5.4–5.3 250 km/h (155 mph) 14.5 L/100 km (19.5 mpg‑imp; 16.2 mpg‑US)
Diesel
2.0 8V D (200D) I4 72 PS (53 kW; 71 hp) 124 N⋅m (91 lb⋅ft) 18.5 160 km/h (99 mph) 6.7 L/100 km (42 mpg‑imp; 35 mpg‑US)
2.0 8V D (200D/E 200 DIESEL) I4 75 PS (55 kW; 74 hp) 126 N⋅m (93 lb⋅ft) 18 160 km/h (99 mph) 6.7 L/100 km (42 mpg‑imp; 35 mpg‑US)
2.5 10V D (250D) I5 90 PS (66 kW; 89 hp) 154 N⋅m (114 lb⋅ft) 16.5 175 km/h (109 mph)
2.5 10V D (E250 DIESEL) I5 94 PS (69 kW; 93 hp) 158 N⋅m (117 lb⋅ft) 16.5–18.5 160–165 km/h (99–103 mph) 7.2 L/100 km (39 mpg‑imp; 33 mpg‑US)
3.0 12V D I6 109 PS (80 kW; 108 hp) 185 N⋅m (136 lb⋅ft) 13.7 190 km/h (118 mph)
2.5 20V D I5 113 PS (83 kW; 111 hp) 173 N⋅m (128 lb⋅ft) 18.5–20.4 190 km/h (118 mph) 6.8 L/100 km (42 mpg‑imp; 35 mpg‑US)
3.0 12V D I6 113 PS (83 kW; 111 hp) 191 N⋅m (141 lb⋅ft) 15.0–16.4 175–190 km/h (109–118 mph) 7.8 L/100 km (36 mpg‑imp; 30 mpg‑US)
2.5 10V TD I5 122 PS (90 kW; 120 hp) 225 N⋅m (166 lb⋅ft) 12.3 195 km/h (121 mph)
2.5 10V TD I5 126 PS (93 kW; 124 hp) 231 N⋅m (170 lb⋅ft) 12.5–13.0 190–195 km/h (118–121 mph) 7.5 L/100 km (38 mpg‑imp; 31 mpg‑US)
3.0 24V D I6 136 PS (100 kW; 134 hp) 210 N⋅m (155 lb⋅ft) 12.8–13.8 187–200 km/h (116–124 mph) 7.4 L/100 km (38 mpg‑imp; 32 mpg‑US)
3.0 12V TD I6 143 PS (105 kW; 141 hp) 267 N⋅m (197 lb⋅ft) 10.9 202 km/h (126 mph)
3.0 12V TD I6 147 PS (108 kW; 145 hp) 273 N⋅m (201 lb⋅ft) 10.9–12.8 186–200 km/h (116–124 mph) 7.8 L/100 km (36 mpg‑imp; 30 mpg‑US)

Build quality

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Million-mile taxi W124

The W124 gained a good reputation for reliability. In 1995 the diesel engined version topped the "upper middle class" category in a reliability survey of 4–6-year-old cars undertaken by the German Automobile Association (ADAC), with 11.8 recorded breakdowns per 1,000 vehicles for four-year-old cars and 21.6 for six-year-old ones: this compared with 14.6 breakdowns per 1,000 cars for four-year-old Audi 100s and 27.3 for six-year-old big Audis.[30]

References

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Notes

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  1. ^ a b c Mazur, Eligiusz, ed. (2006). "World of Cars 2006·2007". World of Cars: Worldwide Car Catalogue. Warsaw, Poland: Media Connection Sp. z o.o.: 226. ISSN 1734-2945.
  2. ^ "Armadoras establecidas en México hasta 2003". Metalmecanica.com. March 2003. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
  3. ^ Leeps (4 June 1989). "Rust Busters". Retrieved 3 May 2015.
  4. ^ "D284644 Patent | Automobile". PTO Direct. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
  5. ^ "Page in Development | PTO Direct". Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 30 September 2012.
  6. ^ "Road Test - Mercedes Benz 300E". 30 January 2018.
  7. ^ "30 years ago: Mercedes-Benz introduces the w124". 22 December 2014.
  8. ^ Taylor, James (31 May 2015). Mercedes-Benz W124: The Complete Story. Crowood. ISBN 9781847979544.
  9. ^ Ward, James (5 September 2021). "Ever wondered why Mercedes-Benz alloy wheels are called 'manhole covers'?". Drive.com.au. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
  10. ^ "Mercedes-Benz Safety Innovations". Theautochannel.com. 13 September 2010. Retrieved 1 October 2010.
  11. ^ a b Svallner, Björn (2 September 1987). "Vägvinnaren" [Ground Coverer]. Teknikens Värld (in Swedish). 39 (19). Stockholm, Sweden: Specialtidningsförlaget AB: 47–49.
  12. ^ B M (31 October 1998). "Lower Sales". Economic and Political Weekly. 33 (44). Mumbai, India: Sameeksha Trust: 2765.
  13. ^ "200 E". Mercedes-Benz Public Archive. Retrieved 19 May 2022.
  14. ^ a b "W124 Sedan Lang". Mercedes W124. 3 January 2010. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  15. ^ "W124 Limousine Lang". Mercedes W124. 3 January 2010. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  16. ^ "Mercedes-Benz 124 series – Production figures".
  17. ^ 230 TE (1985-1989), mercedes-benz-publicarchive.com Retrieved 16 September 2016
  18. ^ 230 TE (1989-1992), mercedes-benz-publicarchive.com Retrieved 16 September 2016
  19. ^ Engine data sourced from: Mercedes-Benz Technical Data publications, 1986–1994.
  20. ^ "W124 Sedan". Mercedes W124. 3 January 2010. Archived from the original on 14 July 2011. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  21. ^ "W124 Estate". Mercedes W124. 14 January 2010. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  22. ^ "W124 4Matic Sedan". Mercedes W124. 1 January 2010. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  23. ^ "W124 4Matic Estate". Mercedes W124. 14 January 2010. Archived from the original on 14 July 2011. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  24. ^ "W124 Coupe". Mercedes W124. 9 January 2010. Archived from the original on 14 July 2011. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  25. ^ "W124 Convertible". Mercedes W124. 12 January 2010. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  26. ^ "How Mercedes And Porsche Teamed Up To Make One Of The Baddest Sedans Ever". 14 October 2012.
  27. ^ „Brutal gediegen", Oldtimer Markt 3/2017, S. 12 ff
  28. ^ "A Simple Introduction of W124 ...from GAN". MyBenz Forum. 18 September 2009. Retrieved 13 July 2013.
  29. ^ "Identifying a Masterpiece (with pictures)". MyBenz Forum. 8 April 2013. Retrieved 13 July 2013.
  30. ^ "Pleiten, Pfusch und Pannen". ADAC Motorwelt: 38–48. May 1996.

Bibliography

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General

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  • Barrett, Frank (1998). Illustrated Buyer's Guide Mercedes-Benz. Motorbooks International Illustrated Buyer's Guide series (2nd ed.). Osceola, WI, USA: MBI Publishing. ISBN 0-7603-0451-3.
  • Clarke, R.M., ed. (2007). Mercedes AMG Gold Portfolio 1983-1999. Road Test Portfolio Series. Cobham, Surrey, UK: Brooklands Books. ISBN 978-1-85520-745-5.
  • ——————, ed. (2011). Mercedes-Benz E-Class W124 1985–1995. Road Test Portfolio Series. Cobham, Surrey, UK: Brooklands Books. ISBN 9781855208896.
  • Engelen, Günter (2002). Mercedes-Benz Personenwagen [Mercedes-Benz Passenger Cars] (in German). Vol. Band 3: Seit 1986 [Volume 3: Since 1986]. Stuttgart: Motorbuch Verlag. ISBN 3613021692.
  • ——————— (2021). Mercedes-Benz E-Klasse: Die Baureihe 124 1984-1994 [Mercedes-Benz E-Class: The 124 series 1984-1994] (in German). Stuttgart: Motorbuch Verlag. ISBN 9783613038677.
  • Frommann, Jens (2014). Mercedes W 124: Typengeschichte und Technik [Mercedes W 124: Type History and Technology] (in German). München: GeraMond. ISBN 9783862456581.
  • Hartmann, Matthias (2017). Das große Mercedes-Cabrio-Buch [The Big Mercedes Cabrio Book] (in German) (reprint of the original 1992 ed.). Königswinter, Germany: Heel Verlag. ISBN 9783958435810.
  • Hofner, Heribert; Schrader, Halwart (2005). Mercedes-Benz Automobile [Mercedes-Benz Automobiles] (in German). Vol. Band 2: von 1964 bis heute [Volume 2: from 1964 to today]. Königswinter, Germany: Heel Verlag. ISBN 3898804194.
  • ——————— (2010). Mercedes-Benz Typenkunde [Mercedes-Benz Type Study] (in German). Vol. Band 2. Modelle der Mittelklasse ab 1984, E-Klasse und CLS-Klasse [Volume 2. The mid-range models from 1984, E-Class and CLS-Class]. Bielefeld, Germany: Delius Klasing. ISBN 978-3768832267. OCLC 693875686.
  • Hofner, Heribert; Zoporowski, Tobias; Commertz, Stefan (2020). Mercedes-Benz W 124: Eine Klasse für sich - Alles über den Urvater der E-Klasse [Mercedes-Benz W 124: In a class of its own - Everything about the Forefather of the E-Class] (in German). Königswinter, Germany: Heel Verlag. ISBN 978-3-95843-996-2.
  • Kittler, Eberhard (2001). Deutsche Autos [German Cars] (in German). Vol. Band [Volume] 6: seit [since] 1990 – Mercedes, Ford, Opel und Porsche. Stuttgart: Motorbuch Verlag. ISBN 3613020521.
  • ——————— (2002). Mercedes-Benz. Typenkompass series (in German). Vol. Band 2. Personenwagen seit 1976 [Volume 2. Passenger Cars since 1976]. Stuttgart: Motorbuch Verlag. ISBN 3-613-02209-5.
  • Larimer, Fred (2004). Mercedes-Benz Buyer's Guide: Roadsters, Coupes, and Convertibles. St. Paul, MN, USA: MBI Publishing. ISBN 0760318115.
  • Long, Brian (2021). Mercedes-Benz W124 series: 1984-1997. Dorchester, Dorset, UK: Veloce Publishing. ISBN 9781787117143.
  • Niemann, Harry (2006). Personenwagen von Mercedes-Benz: Automobillegenden und Geschichten seit 1886 [Passenger Cars from Mercedes-Benz: Automobile Legends and Stories since 1886] (in German). Stuttgart: Motorbuch Verlag. ISBN 3613025965.
  • Nitske, W. Robert (1995). Mercedes-Benz Production Models Book 1946-1995 (4th ed.). Osceola, WI, USA: MBI Publishing. ISBN 0-7603-0245-6.
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  • Pitt, Colin (2005). Mercedes-Benz W124 Enthusiasts Guide. Hockley, Essex, UK: Unique Motor Books. ISBN 1841555355.
  • ——, ed. (2007). Mercedes-Benz W124 Series 1985–1997: Sedan, Coupe, Convertible. Hockley, Essex, UK: Unique Motor Books. ISBN 9781841556529.
  • St. Antoine, Arthur. "Magnum Force". Car and Driver (April 1992): 47–56.
  • Schlegelmilch, Rainer W. [in German]; Lehbrink, Hartmut; von Osterroth, Jochen (2013). Mercedes (revised ed.). Königswinter, Germany: Ullmann Publishing. ISBN 978-3-8480-0267-2.
  • Taylor, James (1994). Mercedes-Benz since 1945: A Collector's Guide. Vol. 4: The 1980s. Croydon, UK: Motor Racing Publications. pp. 8–16, 65–88, 97–104, 107–111. ISBN 0-947981-77-2.
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  • Zoporowski, Tobias (2016). Mercedes-Benz W124: All models 1984 to 1997. Essential Buyer's Guide series. Dorchester, Dorset, UK: Veloce Publishing. ISBN 9781845848774.

Workshop manuals

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  • Drayton, Spencer; Coombs, Mark; Rendle, Steve (1996). Mercedes Benz 124 Series (85–93) Service and Repair Manual. Haynes Service and Repair Manual Series. Sparkford, UK: Haynes. ISBN 1859602533.
  • Etzold, Rüdiger (2021). Mercedes E-Klasse: Typ W124, 200 bis E 320 von 1/85 bis 6/95. So wird's gemacht, Band 54 (in German) (18th ed.). Bielefield, Germany: Delius Klasing. ISBN 9783768805377.
  • ——————— (2019). Mercedes E-Klasse Diesel: Typ W124, 200D bis 300TD von 1/85 bis 6/95. So wird's gemacht, Band 55 (in German) (13th ed.). Bielefield, Germany: Delius Klasing. ISBN 9783768805384.
  • Korp, Dieter (2008). Mercedes-Benz: 200 D/250 D/300 D Dezember '84 bis Juni '93 / E 200/250/300 Diesel ab Juli '93. Jetzt helfe ich mir selbst series, Band 123 (in German). Stuttgart: Motorbuch Verlag. ISBN 9783613011557.
  • ————— (2011). Mercedes-Benz: 200 – 320 E , E 200 – 320 200/200 E / 230 E / 260 E / 280 E /300 E / 300 E-24 / 320 E Dezember '84 bis Juni '93. E 200 / 220 / 280 / 320 Juli '93 bis Juni '95 200/230 E/260 E/300 E ab Dezember '84. Jetzt helfe ich mir selbst series, Band 124 (in German) (6th ed.). Stuttgart: Motorbuch Verlag. ISBN 9783613011564.
  • Ritter, Stu (2002). Mercedes-Benz E-Class Owner's Bible: 1986–1995. Cambridge, MA, USA: Bentley Publishers. ISBN 0837602300.
  • Russek, Peter (1991). Mercedes 124 Series 200, 200E, 200T, 200TE, 230E, 230CE. Pocket Mechanic Vehicle Manual. Caversham, Reading, Berkshire, UK: Peter Russek Publications. ISBN 0907779018.
  • —————— (1994). Mercedes 200, 250, 300D Series 124. Pocket Mechanic Vehicle Manual. Caversham, Reading, Berkshire, UK: Peter Russek Publications. ISBN 1898780447.
  • —————— (2006). Mercedes-Benz E-Class: W124 Series 1993–1995 / W210 Series 1995–2000 / 4- and 6-Cyl. Engines. Pocket Mechanic Vehicle Manual. Caversham, Reading, Berkshire, UK: Peter Russek Publications. ISBN 1898780978.
  • —————— (2008). Mercedes-Benz E-class: Petrol W124 & W210 Workshop Manual 1993–2000. Cobham, Surrey, UK: Brooklands Books. ISBN 9781855207684.
  • Mercedes W124 Owners Workshop Manual: 1985–1995. Bryanston, South Africa: Technibooks (distributed by Brooklands Books, UK, and Motorbooks, USA). 1996. ISBN 0958402612.
  • Mercedes Serie 124 ab Baujahr 1985 / 200 / 200 T / 230 E / 230 TE. Reparaturanleitung series, Band 906. (in German) (1st ed.). Zug, Switzerland: Verlag Bucheli. 2012. ISBN 9783716817377.
  • Mercedes Diesel Serie 124 ab Baujahr 1985 / 200 D / 250 D / 300 D. Reparaturanleitung series, Band 919. (in German) (1st ed.). Zug, Switzerland: Verlag Bucheli. 2012. ISBN 9783716817438.
  • Mercedes Serie W124 Vier- und Sechszylindermotoren Baujahre 1985 bis 1992. Reparaturanleitung series, Band 1211. (in German) (1st ed.). Zug, Switzerland: Verlag Bucheli. 2000. ISBN 3716819379.
  • Mercedes E-Klasse 1993 bis 1995 (Serie W124) 1995 bis 1997 (Serie W210). Reparaturanleitung series, Band 1224. (in German) (1st ed.). Zug, Switzerland: Verlag Bucheli. 2000. ISBN 3716819646.
  • Mercedes-Benz Technical Companion. Cambridge, MA, USA: Bentley Publishers. 2005. ISBN 978-0-8376-1033-7.
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