Metriorhynchinae is a subfamily of metriorhynchid crocodyliforms from the late Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous (Callovian - Valanginian) of Europe, North America and South America.[1][2] Named by Fitzinger, in 1843, it contains the metriorhynchids Gracilineustes, Metriorhynchus, Maledictosuchus, Cricosaurus and Rhacheosaurus. The last three taxa form a tribe within Metriorhynchinae, the Rhacheosaurini. Metriorhynchinae is one of two subfamilies of Metriorhynchidae, the other being Geosaurinae.[3]
| Metriorhynchines Temporal range:
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| Thalattosuchus superciliosus skeleton, Senckenberg Museum of Frankfurt | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Clade: | Archosauria |
| Clade: | Pseudosuchia |
| Clade: | Crocodylomorpha |
| Clade: | Crocodyliformes |
| Suborder: | †Thalattosuchia |
| Family: | †Metriorhynchidae |
| Subfamily: | †Metriorhynchinae Fitzinger, 1843 |
| Genera | |
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Phylogeny
editMetriorhynchinae is a node-based taxon defined in the PhyloCode by Mark T. Young and colleagues in 2024 as "the smallest clade within Metriorhynchidae containing Rhacheosaurus gracilis, Metriorhynchus brevirostris, and Gracilineustes leedsi".[4] Rhacheosaurini is a stem-based taxon and it was named Mark T. Young, Mark A. Bell and Stephen L. Brusatte in 2011 and defined in the PhyloCode by Mark T. Young and colleagues in 2024 as "the largest clade within Metriorhynchidae containing Rhacheosaurus gracilis, but not Metriorhynchus brevirostris and Gracilineustes leedsi.[3][4] The cladogram below follows the topology from the analyses by Young, et al. 2020.[5][6]
| Metriorhynchinae |
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References
edit- ^ Andrea Cau; Federico Fanti (2011). "The oldest known metriorhynchid crocodylian from the Middle Jurassic of North-eastern Italy: Neptunidraco ammoniticus gen. et sp. nov". Gondwana Research. 19 (2): 550–565. Bibcode:2011GondR..19..550C. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2010.07.007.
- ^ Mark T. Young; Stephen L. Brusatte; Marcello Ruta; Marco Brandalise de Andrade (2010). "The evolution of Metriorhynchoidea (Mesoeucrocodylia, Thalattosuchia): an integrated approach using geometrics morphometrics, analysis of disparity and biomechanics". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 158 (4): 801–859. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00571.x.
- ^ a b Mark T. Young; Mark A. Bell; Stephen L. Brusatte (2011). "Craniofacial form and function in Metriorhynchidae (Crocodylomorpha: Thalattosuchia): modelling phenotypic evolution with maximum-likelihood methods". Biology Letters. 7 (6): 913–916. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2011.0357. PMC 3210659. PMID 21543396.
- ^ a b Young, Mark T.; Wilberg, Eric W.; Johnson, Michela M.; Herrera, Yanina; De Andrade, Marco Brandalise; Brignon, Arnaud; Sachs, Sven; Abel, Pascal; Foffa, Davide; Fernández, Marta S.; Vignaud, Patrick; Cowgill, Thomas; Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024). "The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 200 (2): 547–617. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165.
- ^ Young MT, Sachs S, Abel P, Foffa D, Herrera Y, Kitson JJ (2020). "Convergent evolution and possible constraint in the posterodorsal retraction of the external nares in pelagic crocodylomorphs". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 189 (2): 494–520. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa021. hdl:11336/137182.
- ^ Young, M.T., Brignon, A., Sachs, S., Hornung J.J., Foffa, D., Kitson, J.J.N., Johnson, M.M., and Steel, L. 2020. Cutting the Gordian knot: a historical and taxonomic revision of the Jurassic crocodylomorph Metriorhynchus. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, zlaa092. https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa092.
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