Minsk Governorate[a] was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire, with its capital in Minsk. It was created from the land acquired in the partitions of Poland and existed from 1793 until 1921. Its territory covered the majority of modern-day Belarus.
| Minsk Governorate Минская губерния | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Governorate of the Russian Empire | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 1793–1921 | |||||||||||||||||||||
 Coat of arms
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.svg) Location in the Russian Empire | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Capital | Minsk | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Area | |||||||||||||||||||||
• | 91,213 km2 (35,218 sq mi) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Population | |||||||||||||||||||||
• | 2,539,100 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| History | |||||||||||||||||||||
• Established | 23 March 1793 | ||||||||||||||||||||
• Disestablished | 1921 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||
| Today part of | Belarus | ||||||||||||||||||||
Administrative divisions
edit
- Bobruysky Uyezd
- Borisovsky Uyezd
- Igumensky Uyezd
- Minsky Uyezd
- Mozyrsky Uyezd
- Novogrudsky Uyezd (part of Grodno Governorate before 1843)
- Pinsky Uyezd
- Rechitsky Uyezd
- Slutsky Uyezd
Vileysky and Disnensky Uyezds passed to the Vilna Governorate in 1843. In 1919, Baranovichsky Uyezd was created from Novogorodoksky Uyezd and Nesvizhsky Uyezd was created from Slutsky Uyezd. In 1920, Novogrudoksky, Pinsky, Baranovichsky, and Nesvizhsky Uyezds were controlled by Poland.
Demographics
editAccording to the 1897 imperial census, Minsk Governorate had a population of 2,147,621. The ethnic makeup (based on native language) was as follows:[1]
| County | Belarusians | Jews | Russians | Poles | Ukrainians |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (total) | 76,0 % | 16,0 % | 3,9 % | 3,0 % | … |
| Bobruysky Uyezd | 67,4 % | 19,4 % | 10,0 % | 2,0 % | … |
| Borisovsky Uyezd | 80,9 % | 11,2 % | 3,1 % | 4,1 % | … |
| Igumensky Uyezd | 82,6 % | 12,3 % | 1,8 % | 2,9 % | … |
| Minsky Uyezd | 59,2 % | 23,1 % | 9,5 % | 7,1 % | … |
| Mozyrsky Uyezd | 79,5 % | 16,3 % | 1,5 % | 2,1 % | … |
| Novogrudsky Uyezd | 83,7 % | 12,3 % | 1,6 % | 1,7 % | … |
| Pinsky Uyezd | 74,3 % | 19,5 % | 2,6 % | 2,6 % | … |
| Rechitsky Uyezd | 82,5 % | 12,8 % | 1,4 % | 1,1 % | 1,7 % |
| Slutsky Uyezd | 78,5 % | 15,7 % | 1,8 % | 2,8 % | … |
Industry
editMinsk province has mostly swampy terrain and clay soil, but the climate is favorable for agriculture.[2] Flax and hemp were planted for home use.
Horticulture is common everywhere, primarily in the form of subsistence farming. In the city of Minsk, horticulture is mainly done by Tatars, in Bobruysk by Old Believers. Horticulture spread everywhere, but it was not lacking in industrial character, it is a special property of every household, starting with a peasant and ending with a rich landowner. One feature of horticulture in the Minsk provinces was that each gardener tried to grow as many different fruit trees as possible. Since horticulture was not of an industrial nature, fruits were imported from Little Russia.
Beekeeping was spread throughout the province, although it was not of an industrial nature. In 1897, there were 11,740 beekeepers.
Forestry, which was exclusively practiced by Jews, played a significant role.
Cattle breeding and sheep breeding was widespread throughout the province.
Factory and similar industry is limited only to the needs of its own province. In 1860, there were 594 factories and plants; in 1879 — 623;[3] in 1895 — 378;[4] in 1912 — 493.
In 1912, there were 61,485 artisans, 20,842 of them in cities.
Governors
edit| NAME. | Title, rank, rank. | Time of holding office |
|---|---|---|
| 1808—21.05.1812 | ||
| 21.05.1812—1815 | ||
| 1818-1831 | ||
| 16.03.1831—26.04.1831 | ||
| 26.04.1831—12.01.1835 | ||
| 12.01.1835—1838 | ||
| 16.12.1838—1841 | ||
| 1841—19.11.1842 | ||
| 19.11.1842—02.05.1844 | ||
| 02.05.1844—26.01.1850 | ||
| 27.01.1850—21.04.1850 | ||
| 21.04.1850—18.10.1857 | ||
| 18.10.1857—03.02.1858 | ||
| 08.02.1858—27.05.1861 | ||
| 14.11.1861—13.06.1862 | ||
| 15.06.1862—03.04.1864 | ||
| 24.05.1864—19.05.1868 | ||
| 19.05.1868—21.08.1869 | ||
| privy councilor | 02.11.1869—24.10.1875 | |
| 05.12.1875—30.08.1879 | ||
| 30.08.1879—30.01.1886 | ||
| 11.02.1886—20.07.1902 | ||
| 13.08.1902—16.05.1905 | ||
| 16.05.1905—15.07.1906 | ||
| 15.07.1906—26.11.1912 | ||
| 26.11.1912—1915 | ||
| 30.10.1915—15.08.1916 | ||
| 08.1916—1917 |
References
edit- ^ "Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской Империи 1897 г. Распределение населения по родному языку и уездам 50 губерний Европейской России". demoscope.ru. Демоскоп Weekly. Archived from the original on 4 February 2023. Retrieved 15 March 2024.
- ^ Панченко, Алексей Борисович (2018). "Д.А. КЛЕМЕНЦ И ПРОИЗВОДСТВО ЗНАНИЯ О НАРОДАХ В РОССИЙСКОЙ ИМПЕРИИ, "Этнографическое обозрение"". Этнографическое обозрение (2): 122–136. doi:10.7868/s0869541518020094. ISSN 0869-5415.
- ^ Панченко, Алексей Борисович (2018). "Д.А. КЛЕМЕНЦ И ПРОИЗВОДСТВО ЗНАНИЯ О НАРОДАХ В РОССИЙСКОЙ ИМПЕРИИ, "Этнографическое обозрение"". Этнографическое обозрение (2): 122–136. doi:10.7868/s0869541518020094. ISSN 0869-5415.
- ^ Панченко, Алексей Борисович (2018). "Д.А. КЛЕМЕНЦ И ПРОИЗВОДСТВО ЗНАНИЯ О НАРОДАХ В РОССИЙСКОЙ ИМПЕРИИ, "Этнографическое обозрение"". Этнографическое обозрение (2): 122–136. doi:10.7868/s0869541518020094. ISSN 0869-5415.
- ^
- Russian: Минская губерния, romanized: Minskaya guberniya
- Belarusian: Мінская губерня
Further reading
edit- William Henry Beable (1919), "Governments or Provinces of the Former Russian Empire: Minsk", Russian Gazetteer and Guide, London: Russian Outlook – via Open Library
External links
edit53°54′08″N 27°33′42″E / 53.9022°N 27.5618°E
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