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List of Missouri Confederate Civil War units

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Main article: Missouri in the American Civil War

This is a list of Missouri Confederate Civil War units, or military units from the state of Missouri which fought for the Confederacy in the American Civil War. A border state with both southern and northern influences, Missouri attempted to remain neutral when the war began.[citation needed] However, this was unacceptable to the Federal government, and Union military forces moved against the capital to arrest the legislature and the governor. Governor Claiborne Jackson called out the Missouri State Guard to resist.[citation needed] Union forces under Gen. Nathaniel Lyon seized the state capital, and a minority of pro-Union members of the legislature declared the governor removed from office.[citation needed] They appointed a pro-Union governor, and the Federal government recognized him even though he had not been elected.[citation needed] This resulted in a civil war within the state, as Missourians divided and joined both the Union and Confederate armies. Missouri sent representatives to the United States Congress and the Confederate States Congress, and was represented by a star on both flags.[citation needed]

Early in 1861, the Missouri State Guard was formed as a replacement to a state militia force that had previously been in existence.[citation needed] Sterling Price was selected by Governor Jackson to command the unit.[1] Volunteers for the Missouri State Guard were organized into companies of 50 to 100 men, which were then assigned to regiments. Each regiment was designed to contain between six and eight companies, so a Missouri State Guard regiment would contain 600 to 800 men at full strength.[2] At the Battle of Wilson's Creek on August 10, 1861, Missouri State Guard units fought alongside Confederate States Army troops; both the Missourians and the Confederate troops were under the command of Confederate Brigadier General Benjamin McCulloch.[3] Beginning on November 25, 1861, the men of the Missouri State Guard were allowed to transfer from the Guard to official Confederate service.[4] At the Battle of Pea Ridge in March 1862, Price commanded a mixed force that contained both Confederate soldiers from Missouri and elements of the Missouri State Guard.[5] By July 1862, almost all of the Missouri State Guard had left the unit to join Confederate States Army units.[6]

The list of Missouri Union Civil War units is shown separately.

Infantry

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Memorial at Vicksburg National Military Park
 
The Van Dorn battle flag carried by the 4th Missouri Infantry

Sharpshooters

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Cavalry

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Battle flag of the 1st Missouri Cavalry
  • Shelby's Iron Brigade
  • 1st Cavalry (1st-3rd Btln. Consolidated Cavalry)
  • 1st Northeast Cavalry
  • 2nd Cavalry (formerly 4th Battalion)[7]
  • 2nd Northeast Cavalry (Franklin's Regiment)
  • 3rd Cavalry
  • 4th Cavalry
  • 5th Cavalry
  • 6th (Phelan's) Cavalry
  • 6th Cavalry (Coffee's, 11th Cavalry, 3rd Trans-Mississippi Cavalry)
  • 7th Cavalry
  • 8th Cavalry
  • 9th (Elliott's) Cavalry (formerly 10th Battalion)[8]
  • 10th Cavalry (formerly 11th Battalion)[9]
  • 12th Cavalry
  • 13th (Wood's) Cavalry (formerly 14th Battalion)
  • 15th Cavalry
  • Coleman's Regiment, Cavalry (incomplete)
  • Freeman's Regiment, Cavalry (formerly Freeman's Battalion)[10]
  • Fristoe's Regiment, Cavalry
  • Hunter's Regiment, Cavalry
  • Jackman's Regiment, Cavalry
  • Lawther's Temporary Regiment, Dismounted Cavalry
  • Poindexter's Regiment, Cavalry
  • Slayback's Regiment, Cavalry
  • Williams' Regiment, Cavalry
  • 3rd Battalion, Cavalry (1st-3rd Btln. Consolidated Cavalry)
  • 17th (Norman's) Battalion, Cavalry
  • Clardy's Battalion, Cavalry
  • Davies' Battalion, Cavalry
  • Ford's Battalion, Cavalry
  • Preston's Battalion, Cavalry
  • Schnabel's Battalion, Cavalry
  • Shaw's Battalion, Cavalry
  • Snider's Battalion, Cavalry
  • Williams' Battalion, Cavalry
  • Beck's Company, Cavalry
  • Hick's Company, Cavalry
  • Hobbs' Company, Cavalry
  • Stallard's Company, Cavalry
  • Woodson's Company, Cavalry - This company of exchanged Missourians was formed in Virginia in 1863 by Charles Woodson and E.H. Scott to serve in Virginia and they were designated the 1st Missouri Cavalry, Co. A. They were attached to the 62nd Virginia Mounted Infantry and fought at the Battle of New Market in 1864 where they sustained heavy casualties.[11]

Mounted Infantry

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  • Boone's Regiment, Mounted Infantry

Artillery

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Misc

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Arkansas soldiers in Missouri units

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See also: List of Arkansas Civil War Confederate units

In addition to serving in Confederate units organized in Arkansas, many Arkansas soldiers would serve in Confederate units organized in Missouri.[citation needed] Because Missouri Confederate troops were effectively driven out of the geographic area of Missouri after the Pea Ridge Campaign, except during raids by Generals Marmaduke, Shelby and Price, many of the Missouri units recruited heavily in Arkansas.[citation needed] This practice led some Missouri units to be mislabeled as Arkansas units when Confederate service records were compiled by the United States War Department in the 1880s, and some Arkansas units being mislabeled as Missouri units.[citation needed] Troops living near the borders with other states often enlisted in the nearest unit, even if across the state line, resulting in Arkansas soldiers enlisting in units from Missouri, Louisiana and Tennessee. The following is a list of Missouri units that contained large numbers of Arkansas soldiers:

Regiment Organization Date Commanders Alternated designations
Coffee's Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[12] Col. John T. Coffee

Colonel Gideon W. Thompson

Colonel Moses W. Smith

6th Missouri Cavalry[13]

11th Missouri Cavalry

Freeman's Missouri Cavalry Regiment[14] January 16, 1864 Colonel Thomas R. Freeman

Major Martin V. Shaver

Fristoe's Missouri Cavalry Regiment [15] July, 1864 Colonel Edward T. Fristoe
Jackman's Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[16] Spring 1864 Colonel Sidney D. Jackman[17] Nichols' Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[18]

Jackman's Missouri Cavalry

Kitchen's Missouri Cavalry Regiment[19] April 9, 1863[20] Colonel Solomon George Kitchen 10th Missouri Cavalry

7th Missouri Cavalry Regiment

Kitchen's Battalion Missouri Cavalry

Nichols' Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[21] Spring 1864 Colonel Charles H. Nichols Jackman's Arkansas Cavalry Regiment[18]
Schnabel's Missouri Battalion Cavalry[22] Lieutenant Colonel John A. Schnabel

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Gottschalk 1991, p. 15.
  2. ^ Gottschalk 1991, p. 24.
  3. ^ Gottschalk 1991, pp. 26–28.
  4. ^ Gottschalk 1991, p. 38.
  5. ^ Gottschalk 1991, p. 57.
  6. ^ Gottschalk 1991, p. 120.
  7. ^ McGhee 2008, pp. 58–59.
  8. ^ McGhee 2008, pp. 84–87.
  9. ^ McGhee 2008, pp. 88–92.
  10. ^ McGhee 2008, p. 111.
  11. ^ Knight, Charles R., Valley Thunder, The Battle of New Market and the Opening of the Shenandoah Valley Campaign, May 1864, Savas Beatie, NY, 2010, pgs. 157, 247 ISBN 978-1932714-80-7
  12. ^ National Park Service, Civil War Soldiers and Sailors System Archived 2001-07-14 at archive.today, Confederate Arkansas Troops, Coffee's Regiment, Arkansas Cavalry. Retrieved 3 December 2011
  13. ^ "Coffee's Regiment Missouri Cavalry CSA", Missouri Division, Sons of Confederate Veterans, Accessed 1 December 2011, http://www.missouridivision-scv.org/mounits/coffee6mocav.htm
  14. ^ Grooms, Ed: "Freeman's Regiment Missouri Cavalry", Edward G. Gerdes Civil War Page, Accessed 23 December 2011, http://www.couchgenweb.com/civilwar/freebiog.htm
  15. ^ Grooms, Ed: "Fristoe's Regiment Missouri Cavalry", Edward G. Gerdes Civil War Page, Accessed 23 December 2011, http://www.couchgenweb.com/civilwar/fristodx.htm
  16. ^ National Park Service, Civil War Soldiers and Sailors System Archived 2001-07-14 at archive.today, Confederate Arkansas Troops, Jackman's Regiment, Arkansas Cavalry. Retrieved 3 December 2011
  17. ^ Maddox, George T. Hard Trials and Tribulations of an Old Confederate Soldier. Van Buren, AR: Argus Press, 1897.
  18. ^ a b Johnston, James J.,: "Skirmishes at Richland Creek (May 3 and 5, 1864)", Accessed 2 December 2011, http://encyclopediaofarkansas.net/encyclopedia/entry-detail.aspx?entryID=6766
  19. ^ Nichols, Ray: "7th Missouri Cavalry CSA", 7th Regiment Missouri Cavalry, CSA Homepage, Accessed 23 December 2011, http://www.couchgenweb.com/civilwar/fristodx.htm
  20. ^ The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies. 128 volumes. (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1880-1901), Series I, Volume 3, p. 132, further references as ORA; Stanton, Donal J., Berquist, Goodwin F., and Bowers, Paul C., ed., The Civil War Reminiscences of General M. Jeff Thompson, (Dayton: Morningside Press, 1988), p. 76.
  21. ^ National Park Service, Civil War Soldiers and Sailors System Archived 2001-07-14 at archive.today, Confederate Arkansas Troops, Nichols' Regiment, Arkansas Cavalry. Retrieved 3 December 2011
  22. ^ Howerton, Bryan R. "Schnabel's Battalion", Arkansas in the Civil War Message Board, Posted 17 November 2001, Accessed 2 June 2012, http://history-sites.com/cgi-bin/bbs53x/arcwmb/arch_config.pl?read=406[permanent dead link‍]

Sources

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