Momai Tamuli Borborua (?–1650) also known by his other names Tyiring Phiseng and Sukuti was an Ahom general, statesman, and noble and the first incumbent to the office of the Borbarua. He is popularly known for systemizing the paik system and for being the father of famous Ahom general Lachit Borphukan.
Momai Tamuli Borborua | |
|---|---|
 Momai Tamuli Borbarua | |
| Died | 1650 |
| Allegiance | Ahom kingdom |
| Service | Ahom Army |
| Years of service | ?-1650 |
| Rank | Borbarua |
| Battles / wars | Battle of Duimunsila |
| Children | Lachit Borphukan Laluksola Borphukan Bhardhora Borphukan Marangi Borbarua Pakhori Gabharu |
Biography
editHe was born in Lanphima family of Tai-Ahom. [1] Momai Tamuli rose out of humble origins, working as a gardener and rendering his service as a bondsman to his master, Impressed by his performance as a gardener, Ahom king Pratap Singha released him from his bondage and appointed him as Bortamuli. He continued to serve under various royal offices till he was promoted to the office of Borbarua.. [2]
Under the support of Pratap Singha, Momai Tamuli Borbaura systemized the paik system in 1609, which was the machinery of the Ahom state, and established model villages.[3] In the paik system every adult male between the age group (15–50) had to compulsory had to render his service for the state. Momai Tamuli made it compulsory for every adult to make a bamboo basket and to spin a certain quantity of thread.[citation needed]
Mughal affairs
editIn 1638, Momai Tamuli commanded the Ahom forces against the Mughals, and in the battle of Duimunsila, the Mughals suffered a huge setback and they retreated back to Guwahati. Nevertheless, the long protracted wars between both had depleted the state resources and manpower of both the governments came to the conclusion of a pacific settlement. And in 1639, Momai Tamuli Borbarua concluded the Treaty of Asurar Ali with Mughal commander Allah yar Khan, which fixed the boundary between the both at Barnadi on the north bank and Asurar Ali on the south bank of Brahmaputra.[4] The period following the treaty is marked by diplomatic correspondence between Assamese chief secretary Momai Tamuli and Mughal faujdar Allah Yar Khan.[5]
Ahom-Mughal relations (1639-1645)
editAfter the death of Pratap Singha, he acted as the de facto administrator and carried out the affairs with the Mughals.
In 1641, Momai Tamuli Borbarua flatly refused the suggestion of a trade convention between Assam and Mughal empire as proposed by Allah Yar Khan. He also refused to make an inquiry into a case of murder committed by the hill tribes on the members of the Mughal khedda party.[6]
In 1640, Momai Tamuli Borbarua requested the Mughal faujdar to repatriate an Ahom official who while touring entered Sarania hills (Mughal territories). In 1643, 63 Mughal traders and officials were confined by the Ahoms on the account of straying into Darrang. In November 1645, 107 Mughal sepoys illegally entered Darrang and advanced up to Singri in the Ahom territory with the pretext of catching elephants. This was protested by the Ahom frontier officer but was later killed following a scuffle. These sepoys were imprisoned by the angry Momai Tamuli Borbarua. The Mughal faujdar pleaded for their release but the latter refused. [7]
Momai Tamuli had seven issues, including his youngest son Lachit Borphukan and he died in 1650.
References
edit- ^ "...Momai Tamuli Bar-Barua of the Lanphima family.."(Gohain 2012:48)
- ^ (Gogoi 2002:119)
- ^ (Gogoi 2002:29)
- ^ Sarkar 1992, p. 164
- ^ "The two showed gestures of peace and exchanged presents through respective envoys. Notwithstanding continual diplomatic quarrels and friction on certain matters, no attempt was made by either party to settle these by resort to arms, perhaps because both were exhausted..." (Sarkar 1992:166)
- ^ "Instead of taking any action against the culprits, the Barbarua severely snubbed his Mughal counterparts that the Mughals persisted in violating the Assam frontier and capture elephants in the Darrang wils notwithstanding his own warnings...."(Sarkar 1992:166)
- ^ "The faujdar deputed the son of Masum Khan and Raguri Choudhury to intercede with the Barbarua to plead for their freedom. But the latter adamantly refused, as they were guilty of twofold crime, illegal entry into Assam and murdering an Assamese officer on duty. Convinced of justice of the charge, the faujdar did not press"(Sarkar 1992:167)
Bibliography
edit- Sarkar, J. N. (1992), "THE MONARCHY AT ITS ZENITH", in Barpujari, H. K. (ed.), The Comprehensive History of Assam, vol. 2, Guwahati: Assam Publication Board, pp. 257–85
- Gogoi, Jahnabi (2002), Agrarian system of medieval Assam, Concept Publishing Company, New Delhi
- Gohain, Birendra Kr. (2012), Lachit Barphukan the National Hero of Assam, Publication Board Assam