Masalanabo Modjadji II (died 1894) was the second Rain Queen of the South African Balobedu people.
| Masalanabo Modjadji II | |
|---|---|
| Rain Queen of Balobedu | |
| Reign | 1854–1894 |
| Predecessor | Maselekwane Modjadji |
| Successor | Khesetoane |
| Born | Limpopo, South Africa |
| Died | 1894 Limpopo, South Africa |
| Great Wife | Princess Leakhali Modjadji |
| House | Modjadji |
| Mother | Maselekwane Modjadji |
Reign
editMasalanabo reigned from 1854 to 1894. She was preceded by Maselekwane Modjadji I.
During the native "location policies" of the early 1890s, Commandant-General Piet Joubert (1834–1900) surrounded the Rain Queen's home until she was forced to give herself up. Historian Louis Changuion wrote, "It would be the first time that white people would see the Rain Queen." However, what happened was not what they had expected. "After four days," Changuion continues, an elderly black woman was carried out on a litter, accompanied by her chief indunas, to negotiate with the white people. It was a great disappointment to the men watching the proceedings – of 'She-who-must-be-obeyed' there was no trace. She was not the white woman of the legends. It is told that Joubert presented her with a "kappie" (bonnet) and a blanket."
According to the book Realm of a rain-queen, Joubert was shown not the real Rain Queen, but an impersonator.[1]
A mysterious figure who only rarely appeared in public, Masalanabo had several children.[2]
At some point the royal council designated the daughter of her "sister" and "great wife" Leakhali as heir to the throne. Masalanabo committed ritual suicide in 1894, after having named Leakhali as her successor.[2]
She was succeeded by Khetoane Modjadji III.
Legacy
editAmong other female authorities in Africa, Masalanabo Modjadji is said to be the inspiration for H. Rider Haggard's novel She: A History of Adventure.[3] However, the praise for the influence of female authority on the book is not without criticism. Critics argue that the representation of womanhood in the book and similar works in the field of literary tourism did not only mirror and further imperialist initiatives but "She is also a thinly disguised allegorical admonition to recognize and dispel the threat that the New Woman posed to late-Victorian society".[4]
References
edit- ^ J. D. Krige, E. Jensen Krige (1943). The Realm of a Rain-Queen. A Study of the Pattern of Lovedu Society. Oxford University Press.
- ^ a b Molefi Kete Asante (ed.), Ama Mazama (ed.) (2008). Encyclopedia of African Religion. SAGE Publications.
{{cite book}}:|last=has generic name (help) - ^ Cohen, C (1968). Rider Haggard: His life and works. United Kingdom: Palgrave Macmillan UK. ISBN 1349006025.
- ^ Murphy, Patricia (1999). "The Gendering of History in She". SEL: Studies in English Literature 1500–1900. 39 (4): 747–772. doi:10.1353/sel.1999.0036. ISSN 1522-9270. PMID 20169694. S2CID 36100703.
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