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Naberezhnye Chelny (Russian: На́бережные Челны́; Tatar: Яр Чаллы, IPA: [ˈjar ɕɑlːɤ̆]) is the second largest city in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. A major industrial center, Naberezhnye Chelny stands on the Kama River 225 kilometers (140 mi) east of Kazan near Nizhnekamsk Reservoir. Population: 548,434 (2021 Census);[7] 513,193 (2010 Census);[2] 509,870 (2002 Census);[8] 500,309 (1989 Soviet census).[9]
Naberezhnye Chelny
Набережные Челны | |
|---|---|
| Other transcription(s) | |
| • Tatar | Яр Чаллы |
 Clockwise from top: Boulevard of Enthusiasts, «2/18» Business Centre, City view from Kama River, IT park | |
 Flag .svg) Coat of arms | |
Location of Naberezhnye Chelny  | |
  Naberezhnye Chelny Location of Naberezhnye Chelny  Naberezhnye Chelny Naberezhnye Chelny (Tatarstan) | |
| Coordinates: 55°41′N 52°19′E / 55.683°N 52.317°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Tatarstan[1] |
| Founded | c. 1172 |
| City status since | April 10, 1930 |
| Government | |
| • Body | City Council |
| • Mayor | Nail Magdeev |
| Elevation | 100 m (300 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 513,193 |
| • Rank | 35th in 2010 |
| • Subordinated to | city of republic significance of Naberezhnye Chelny[1] |
| • Capital of | Tukayevsky District,[1] city of republic significance of Naberezhnye Chelny[1] |
| • Urban okrug | Naberezhnye Chelny Urban Okrug[3] |
| • Capital of | Naberezhnye Chelny Urban Okrug,[3] Tukayevsky Municipal District[4] |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK  [5]) |
| Postal code(s)[6] | 423800-423849 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 8552 |
| OKTMO ID | 92730000001 |
| City Day | August 10 |
| Website | www |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1897 | 1,000 | — |
| 1926 | 4,000 | +300.0% |
| 1939 | 9,400 | +135.0% |
| 1959 | 19,103 | +103.2% |
| 1970 | 37,923 | +98.5% |
| 1979 | 301,381 | +694.7% |
| 1989 | 500,309 | +66.0% |
| 2002 | 509,870 | +1.9% |
| 2010 | 513,193 | +0.7% |
| 2021 | 548,434 | +6.9% |
| Source: Census data | ||
The city was briefly known as Brezhnev from 1982 to 1988.
History
editNaberezhnye Chelny was granted town status on August 10, 1930, and was called Brezhnev (after Leonid Brezhnev) from 1982 to 1988.[10]
The city of Naberezhnye Chelny was one of the residence centers of the Udmurt Jews, who spoke Udmurtish Yiddish.[11]
Administrative and municipal status
editWithin the framework of administrative divisions, Naberezhnye Chelny serves as the administrative center of Tukayevsky District, even though it is not a part of it.[1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the city of republic significance of Naberezhnye Chelny—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, the city of republic significance of Naberezhnye Chelny is incorporated as Naberezhnye Chelny Urban Okrug.[3]
Economy
editKamaz and ZMA trucks are produced there, and the city is one of the largest planned centers in the world related to vehicle production. With more than five square kilometres (2 sq mi) dedicated to production, the Kamaz plant is the largest vehicle factory in the world.
Transportation
editLong-distance transport
editNaberezhnye Chelny is a major railway, motor transport, and aviation hub, known on the Kama river port.
The city has a structural unit of the Kuibyshev Railway JSC "Russian Railways" - Kama KBS railway department, which carries out operational management of transport in the Kama region (railroad Agryz Akbash). Immediately Naberezhnye Chelny city is served by two railway stations.
The first, Red Field with 28 station tracks for incoming and outgoing trains, a freight yard for loading and unloading cars, and a sorting slide for the formation and separation of trains.
The second, its cargo-passenger station Naberezhnye Chelny accommodates loading and unloading of wagons supplied by access roads to distribution centers and processing plants. A modern combined train and bus station was built allowing simultaneous reception of 1,500 passengers. The station Naberezhnye Chelny long-distance trains follow a direct line to Moscow, Kazan, Ulyanovsk, Izhevsk, Bugul'ma, and in the summer to Adler. Local train service provided flights rail buses to Mendeleyevsk and Bugul'my.
In addition, the city has departmental railway sector, belonging to OJSC "KAMAZ" and JSC "Kamgesenergostroy" that can handle up to 1,200 cars per day.
River port Naberezhnye Chelny allows you to receive treatment under dry cargo and passenger ships mixed "river-sea". It has a dock for the processing, storage of packaged cargoes and containers. Its length is 217 linear meters, with design possibilities for cargo up to 112 tons in the navigation. The port has a river and a passenger station, which can simultaneously dock four vessels. Infrastructure station can serve up to 200,000 passengers for navigation.
International Airport Begishevo serves the cities Nizhnekamsk agglomeration and Nizhnekamsk WPK.
Public transportation
editPublic transport represents 13 tram routes, more than 30 bus routes and taxi, the taxi (including the so-called Social taxi carrying several passengers fares in taxis).
The Naberezhnochelninsky tram is one of the latest new tram systems in the USSR and Russia. It was created to provide a large passenger flow between the residential areas of the city and a vast industrial complex KAMAZ and other large enterprises. Unlike most in post-Soviet Russia, the city's tram system expanded in the 1990s and 2000s, and has plans for further development, including both new construction sites in the city, and creating an inter-city light rail line to the Yelabuga, a project which was developed in the Soviet period.
-
NefAZ-5299 bus -
MAZ-206 bus -
NefAZ-5299 CNG bus, more than 100 such buses are worked in city since 2015
Culture
editAlkonost, a Russian doom-folk metal band, was formed in Naberezhnye Chelny in 1995.
Sports
editFC KAMAZ Naberezhnye Chelny is an association football club based in Naberezhnye Chelny, playing in the Russian Second Division.
Gallery
edit-
The production building of Kamaz -
View from the hotel Tatarstan -
View of Naberezhnye Chelny
Sister cities
edit
References
editNotes
edit- ^ a b c d e f g Order #01-02/9
- ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ a b c Law #47-ZRT
- ^ Law #42-ZRT
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service. Всероссийская перепись населения 2020 года. Том 1 [2020 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1] (XLS) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. p. 289. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
- ^ Altyntsev A.V., "The Concept of Love in Ashkenazim of Udmurtia and Tatarstan", Nauka Udmurtii. 2013. No. 4 (66), p. 131. (Алтынцев А.В., "Чувство любви в понимании евреев-ашкенази Удмуртии и Татарстана". Наука Удмуртии. 2013. №4. С. 131: Комментарии.) (in Russian)
Sources
edit- Министерство юстиции Республики Татарстан. Приказ №01-02/9 от 4 февраля 2014 г. «Об утверждении реестра административно-территориальных единиц и населённых пунктов в Республике Татарстан», в ред. Приказа №01-02/160 от 11 марта 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в Приказ Министерства юстиции Республики Татарстан от 04.02.2014 №01-02/9 "Об утверждении реестра административно-территориальных единиц и населённых пунктов в Республике Татарстан"». Опубликован: Официальный сайт правовой информации Министерства юстиции Республики Татарстан (http://pravo.tatarstan.ru), 27 февраля 2014 г. (Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Tatarstan. Order #01-02/9 of February 4, 2014 On the Adoption of the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units and Inhabited Localities in the Republic of Tatarstan, as amended by the Order #01-02/160 of March 11, 2015 On Amending the Order of the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Tatarstan #01-02/9 of February 4, 2014 "On the Adoption of the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units and Inhabited Localities in the Republic of Tatarstan". ).
- Государственный Совет Республики Татарстан. Закон №47-ЗРТ от 31 января 2005 г. «Об образовании муниципального образования "город Набережные Челны", установлении его границ и наделении статусом городского округа». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Республика Татарстан", №18–19, 1 февраля 2005 г. (State Council of the Republic of Tatarstan. Law #47-ZRT of January 31, 2005 On Establishing the Municipal Formation of the "City of Naberezhnye Chelny", on Establishing Its Borders, and on Granting It Urban Okrug Status. Effective as of the official publication date.).
- Государственный Совет Республики Татарстан. Закон №42-ЗРТ от 31 января 2005 г. «Об установлении границ территорий и статусе муниципального образования "Тукаевский муниципальный район" и муниципальных образований в его составе», в ред. Закона №141-ЗРТ от 30 декабря 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Республики Татарстан "Об установлении границ территорий и статусе муниципального образования "Тукаевский муниципальный район" и муниципальных образований в его составе"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Республика Татарстан", №18–19, 1 февраля 2005 г. (State Council of the Republic of Tatarstan. Law #42-ZRT of January 31, 2005 On Establishing the Borders of the Territories and the Status of the Municipal Formation of "Tukayevsky Municipal District" and of the Municipal Formations Comprising It, as amended by the Law #141-ZRT of December 30, 2014 On Amending the Law of the Republic of Tatarstan "On Establishing the Borders of the Territories and the Status of the Municipal Formation of "Tukayevsky Municipal District" and of the Municipal Formations Comprising It". Effective as of the official publication date.).