The National Anthem of El Salvador (Spanish: Himno Nacional de El Salvador) was adopted on 15 September 1879 and officially approved on 11 December 1953. The lyrics were written by General Juan José Cañas in 1856, with music composed by the Italian Juan Aberle in 1879.
| English: National Anthem of El Salvador | |
|---|---|
National anthem of El Salvador | |
| Also known as | "Saludemos la patria orgullosos" (English: Let us salute the fatherland, proud) |
| Lyrics | Juan José Cañas, 1856 |
| Music | Juan Aberle, 1879 |
| Adopted | 15 September 1879 (de facto) 11 December 1953 (de jure) |
| Audio sample | |
U.S. Navy Band instrumental version | |
The composition has been likened to "William Tell Overture" by critics.[1]
History
edit1866 anthem
editIn 1866, at the initiative of doctor Francisco Dueñas, who at the time was President of the Republic, the first national anthem of El Salvador was created by Cuban doctor Tomás M. Muñoz, who wrote the lyrics, and Salvadoran musician Rafael Orozco, who composed the music. This national anthem was legally adopted through Executive Agreement of 8 October 1866, being published in the state newspaper El Constitucional No. 31, Volume 2, of 11 October 1866,[2]: pt. 10, pp. 7–8 to be officially released on 24 January 1867.
| Spanish original[2]: pt. 10, pp. 7–8 [3]: 31 | English translation |
|---|---|
Coro: |
Chorus: |
This anthem was sung until the overthrow of President Dueñas through a coup d'état in 1871.
1879 anthem
editLater, in 1879, at the initiative of then president Rafael Zaldívar, the current National Anthem of El Salvador would be created by Cañas and Aberle as authors of its lyrics and music, respectively.
Through the Executive Agreement of 3 June 1891, published in the Official Gazette No. 128, Volume 30, of 3 June 1891, and General Carlos Ezeta being then president, it was legally adopted, at the initiative of Ezeta, as a new national anthem known under the official name of "El Salvador Libre", which was dedicated to the Salvadoran Armed Forces. The composition of the lyrics and music of this national anthem, which was previously officially released on 2 May 1891, was the responsibility of Italian artist Césare Georgi Vélez.[4]
General Ezeta was overthrown in a coup d'état executed in 1894, and after his fall, the national anthem made by Cañas and Aberle was sung again in 1879, although it lacked official recognition. This situation was resolved by Legislative Decree No. 1231, of 13 November 1953, published in the Official Gazette No. 226, Volume 161, of 11 December 1953,[5][2] through which the Legislative Assembly, at the request of the Salvadoran Academy of History, officially recognised as the national anthem of El Salvador the anthem written and composed by Cañas and Aberle, respectively, and solemnly premiered on 15 September 1879 in the esplanade of the old National Palace of El Salvador, whose civic ceremony was attended by members of the presidential cabinet of that time.[3]: 42–43
Immediately, and in the spacious patio of the Palace, sung by all the youth of the Colleges and schools of this Capital was the beautiful patriotic anthem composed by Mr. Juan J. Cañas and Mr. Juan Aberle, both artists of notable merit, the first of the lyrics of the anthem, and the second of the music. Said hymn composed for 15 September was premiered with the accompaniment of the military band and deserved general approval.[2]: pt. 22, p. 18
— Published in the Official Gazette of 17 September 1879, Volume 7, Issue 218, Page 1295.
Regulation
editAll radio and television stations must air the national anthem in accordance to the law and should be played during "Startup" and "Closedown" of every stations.[citation needed]
Lyrics
edit
The National Anthem of El Salvador is made up of a chorus and three stanzas, although the last two have not been sung for many years, as a full performance can take more than four minutes to complete. However, this custom would only obtain official recognition through Legislative Decree No. 342, of 7 October 1992, published in the Official Gazette No. 223, Volume 317, of 3 December 1992, through the which the Legislative Assembly decided to reform Article 15 of the National Symbols Law, where it was established that the execution of the national anthem must begin with the chorus and end with the first verse.[6] However, it has become very common to only sing the chorus, which is repeated, since it is the strongest musical part of the national anthem.
Spanish original
edit| Spanish original[7][8][9][10] | IPA transcription[a] | English translation |
|---|---|---|
Coro: |
[ˈko.ɾo] |
Chorus: |
In Nawat
editOn 1 September 2009, during the inauguration of Civic Month in Suchitoto, Cuscatlán, the National Anthem was performed in Nawat by the Doctor Mario Calvo Marroquín School Centre Choir from Izalco, Sonsonate.[11][12] The name of the national anthem in Nawat is Takwikalis Tutal ([ta.kʷi.ka.lis tu.tal]), meaning "Song to Our Land".[13]
| Nawat original[13][14][15][16] | IPA transcription[17][18][b] |
|---|---|
Coro: |
[ko.ro] |
Notes
edit- ^ See Help:IPA/Spanish and Salvadoran Spanish.
- ^ See es:Idioma náhuat § Fonología and Nawat § Phonology.
- ^ Sometimes written ne tal ka tupal.[19][20][21][22][23][24][25]
- ^ Sometimes written Timutalikan pal tiyultiwit ([wan ki.ta.li.kan ne ti.jul.ti.wit]).[19][23][24]
- ^ Sometimes written Te timusewiat pal tiwelit tikpiat ([te mu.se.wi.(j)at pal we.lit tik.pi(.)at]).[19][21][23][24]
- ^ Sometimes written Welit tikpiat ([we.lit tik.pi(.)at]).[19][21]
- ^ Sometimes written Sempa nejmach nemi né Kuskatan ([sem.pa neh.mat͡ʃ ne.mi nekus.ka.tan]).[19][20][24][25]
- ^ Sometimes written Ka kipiak akaj tesu ka kinekik ([ka ki.pi.ak a.kah te.su ka ki.ne.kik]).[19][24][25]
- ^ Sometimes written Ka kipiak ka achtu kineki ([ka ki.pi.ak ka at͡ʃ.tu ki.ne.ki]).[19][24][25]
- ^ Sometimes written Yultaketzki te mukwepki tik ne ujti ([yul.ta.ket͡s.ki te mu.kʷep.ki tik ne uh.tiʔ]).[19][24]
- ^ Sometimes, this line is omitted.[26][27]
- ^ Sometimes written Kitemua te Ken tiawit né ([ki.te.mu.a te ken tja.wit ne]).[19][24]
- ^ Sometimes written Wan munamik Kaj tesu Kaj kineki ([wan mu.na.mik kah te.su kah ki.ne.ki]).[19][24][25]
- ^ Sometimes written Ashta ne Tunal tik ne ajku panti ([aʃ.ta ne tu.nal tik ne ah.ku pan.ti]).[19][24]
- ^ If the line Pal kitema se tumak tiawit kipiat is omitted, this is followed by the line Tawawasuj tamakichti, tawawasuj.[26][27]
References
edit- ^ "Confusion All Around As Wrong National Anthem Played Before El Salvador Friendly (Video)". Who Ate All the Pies. Retrieved 27 June 2019.
- ^ a b c d "Archivo Digital del Diario Oficial de la Imprenta Nacional de El Salvador". Archived from the original on 22 October 2014. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
- ^ a b Espinosa, Francisco (1996). Los Símbolos Patrios (in Spanish) (11th ed.). San Salvador, El Salvador: Dirección de Publicaciones e Impresos, Consejo Nacional para la Cultura y el Arte (CONCULTURA), Ministerio de Educación.
- ^ "Secretaría de Gobernación y Fomento" (PDF). Diario Oficial (in Spanish). Vol. 30, no. 128. San Salvador. 3 June 1891. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
- ^ "Decreto Legislativo N.º 1231" (PDF). Asamblea Legislativa. 13 November 1953. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
- ^ "Ley de Símbolos Patrios". Asamblea Legislativa. Archived from the original on 25 March 2014. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
- ^ "Veritas argentina" (in Spanish). Vol. 16, no. 192. 1946. p. 1519.
{{cite magazine}}: Cite magazine requires|magazine=(help) - ^ Romero, Matías (1985). Dios, uníon, libertad: ensayo de filosofía cívica salvadoreña [God, union, liberty: essay of Salvadoran civic philosophy] (in Spanish). Editorial Horizontes. p. 27.
- ^ Shaw, Martin; Coleman, Henry (1963). National Anthems of the World. Pitman Publishing Corporation. p. 126.
- ^ El Salvador (in Spanish). Departamento de Relaciones Públicas, Casa Presidencial. 1977. p. 23.
- ^ "Inauguran Mes Cívico con el toque Nahuatl". El Diario de Hoy. Archived from the original on 26 August 2014. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
- ^ "Mes cívico en El Salvador". Sanchezceren.com. Archived from the original on 23 December 2014. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
- ^ a b Listasal. "Himno Nacional de El Salvador en Náhuat" (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 January 2022.
- ^ Walter Parras (25 February 2013). "Himno Nacional de El Salvador en Nahuatl". YouTube. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
- ^ ilpgobsvweb (3 September 2010). "Himno Nacional de El Salvador en Náhuatl". YouTube. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
- ^ Juana Ramirez (14 January 2012). "Himno Nacional en Nahuat por niños de Izalco". YouTube. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
- ^ "Ne Bibliaj Tik Nawat - Ortografía y pronunciación". www.old.nebibliaj.org. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
- ^ "A brief Nawat grammar (by Alan R. King)". IRIN-International. 2004. Archived from the original on 4 December 2013. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Timumachtikan Nawat (9 September 2019). "Himno Nacional de El Salvador en Náhuat". YouTube. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
- ^ a b Instituto Salvadoreño de Bienestar Magisterial ISBM (18 November 2015). "HIMNO NACIONAL DE EL SALVADOR EN NAHUATL". YouTube. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
- ^ a b c gfsensente (24 May 2013). "Himno Nacional de El Salvador en Nahuatl". YouTube. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
- ^ Educación Flexible (29 September 2016). "Himno nacional de El Salvador en Nahuat". YouTube. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
- ^ a b c Orbin T (16 September 2019). "Niños Cantan El Himno Nacional De El Salvador en NAHUAT". YouTube. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Siempre En Movimiento (18 September 2020). "Le CANTAN el Himno NACIONAL de EL SALVADOR en NAHUATL". YouTube. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
- ^ a b c d e BALCON POETICO (16 November 2014). "HIMNO NACIONAL DE EL SALVADOR EN LA MADRE LENGUA NAHUATL". YouTube. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
- ^ a b Conoce Latinoamérica y Más (12 September 2021). "Himno Nacional de El Salvador en Náhuatl | C.SV". YouTube. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
- ^ a b Liceo Francés El Salvador (12 September 2021). "Himno nacional de El Salvador en Náhuat - 6ème". YouTube. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
External links
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