2018 New York Attorney General election
The 2018 New York Attorney General election took place on November 6, 2018. New York City Public Advocate Letitia James, a Democrat, was elected. James is the first woman and the first African-American to be elected New York Attorney General.
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James: 30–40% 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% >90% Wofford: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% >90% Tie: 40–50% 50% No votes | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Former attorney general Eric Schneiderman resigned on May 8, 2018, after allegations of domestic abuse and withdrew from his then-ongoing reelection campaign. Incumbent solicitor general Barbara Underwood was chosen by the legislature to complete her unexpired term, but opted not to seek election to a full term.
On September 13, 2018, James won the Democratic nomination for attorney general, defeating Leecia Eve, former senior policy advisor to U.S. Senator Hillary Clinton; Sean Patrick Maloney, U.S. Representative for New York's 18th congressional district; and Zephyr Teachout, professor at Fordham University School of Law. In the general election, James defeated Republican Party candidate Keith Wofford with over 60% of the vote.
In the general election, James carried every county won by Andrew Cuomo in the concurrent gubernatorial election as well as Franklin, Clinton, Essex, Orange, Duchess, Columbia, Broome, Cortland and Schenectady counties.
Background
editAttorney General Eric Schneiderman, a Democrat, was first elected to the office of Attorney General in 2010, winning reelection in 2014. He was in the midst of campaigning for a third term in office when on May 7, 2018, The New Yorker revealed allegations that he had physically abused several women he had dated during his tenure in office.[1] Schneiderman resigned hours after the story was released, with the resignation taking effect at the end of the business day May 8; he did not seek re-election.[2][3][4]
Barbara Underwood, the solicitor general, took on the duties of Attorney General upon Schneiderman's resignation. A joint session of the New York State Legislature formally appointed Underwood to fill the rest of Schneiderman's term on May 22, after interviewing several potential candidates; of the 209 members in the State Legislature, 190 votes were cast in favor, with one (Charles Barron) voting against her in protest of the process, and 18 abstaining.[5] Underwood confirmed that she would not run for the office in the 2018 elections,[6] and returned to her previous position as solicitor general following the election.[7]
Democratic primary
editCandidates
editFiled
editThe following candidates were certified by the State Board of Elections as having filed for the primary ballot (James by state convention nomination and the others by submitting sufficient signatures):[8]
- Leecia Eve, former senior policy advisor to U.S. Senator Hillary Clinton, candidate for Lieutenant Governor of New York in 2006[9]
- Letitia James, New York City Public Advocate[9] (nominee of the state party convention)[10]
- Sean Patrick Maloney, U.S. Representative for New York's 18th congressional district[11][12]
- Zephyr Teachout, Fordham Law Associate Professor, nominee for the U.S. House of Representatives in New York's 19th congressional district in 2016, candidate for Governor of New York in 2014[13][14][15]
Withdrew
edit- Eric Schneiderman, former attorney general[16]
Declined
edit- Daniel Garodnick, former member of the New York City Council
- Michael Gianaris, New York State Senator[9]
- Charles D. Lavine, Member of the New York State Assembly
- Kathleen Rice, U.S. Representative from New York's 4th congressional district[17]
- Barbara Underwood, interim Attorney General[6]
- Tim Wu, special enforcement counsel to the attorney general and 2014 lieutenant governor primary candidate[18]
Endorsements
edit- Organizations
- 1199SEIU United Healthcare Workers East[19]
- Barack Obama Democratic Club of Upper Manhattan[19]
- Communications Workers of America District 1[19]
- Communications Workers of America Local 1180[19]
- District Council 37[19]
- EMILY's List[20]
- Gay and Lesbian Independent Democrats[19]
- International Association of Bridge, Structural, Ornamental and Reinforcing Iron Workers[19]
- Jim Owles Liberal Democratic Club[19]
- Laborers' International Union of North America[19]
- Lambda Independent Democrats of Brooklyn[19]
- Retail, Wholesale and Department Store Union[19]
- SEIU 32BJ[19]
- Transport Workers Union of America Local 100[19]
- Local and state politicians
- Alicka Ampry-Samuel, Member of New York City Council[19]
- Justin Brannan, Member of New York City Council[19]
- Byron Brown, Mayor of Buffalo[19]
- Robert Cornegy, Member of New York City Council[19]
- Marcos Crespo, Member of the New York State Assembly[19]
- Laurie Cumbo, Majority Leader of New York City Council[19]
- Andrew Cuomo, 56th Governor of New York[20]
- Chaim Deutsch, Member of New York City Council[19]
- Rubén Díaz Jr., Borough President of the Bronx[19]
- Michael Gianaris, Member of the New York Senate[19]
- Carl Heastie, Speaker of the New York State Assembly[19]
- Earlene Hill Hooper, Deputy Speaker of the New York State Assembly[19]
- Corey Johnson, Speaker of the New York City Council[19]
- Todd Kaminsky, Member of the New York Senate[19]
- Andy King, Member of New York City Council[19]
- Mark D. Levine, Member of New York City Council[19]
- Joseph D. Morelle, Majority Leader of the New York State Assembly[19]
- Crystal Peoples, Member of the New York State Assembly[19]
- Gustavo Rivera, Member of the New York Senate[19]
- Rafael Salamanca, Member of New York City Council[19]
- Luis R. Sepúlveda, Member of the New York Senate[19]
- José M. Serrano, Member of the New York Senate[19]
- Kathy Sheehan, Mayor of Albany[19]
- Ritchie Torres, Member of New York City Council[19]
- U.S. Senators
- Kamala Harris, U.S. Senator from California (2017–2021)
- U.S. Representatives
- U.S. Representatives
- Organizations
- LGBTQ Victory Fund[22]
- New England Regional Council of Carpenters[23]
- Organizations
- Central Brooklyn Independent Democrats
- Four Freedoms Democratic Club
- Indivisible Brooklyn[19]
- Indivisible Harlem
- Indivisible Upper West Side
- Ithaca Democratic Socialists of America
- Muslim Democratic Club of NY
- New Kings Democrats
- New York Communities for Change[24]
- New York Progressive Action Network
- North Brooklyn Progressive Democrats
- Our Revolution[25]
- People for Bernie[19]
- Progressive Women of Pelham
- Three Parks Democrats
- Individuals
- Kerri Evelyn Harris, 2018 candidate for U.S. Senator in Delaware[26]
- Roberta A. Kaplan, lawyer and LGBT activist[19]
- Lawrence Lessig, Harvard Law School professor[19]
- Chirlane McCray, First Lady of New York City[27]
- Cynthia Nixon, 2018 candidate for Governor of New York, actress, and activist[28]
- Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, Democratic nominee for U.S. Representative from NY-14 in 2018[29]
- Joseph Stiglitz, Nobel Prize-winning Columbia University professor
- Local and state politicians
- Tom Abinanti, Member of the New York State Assembly
- Terry Gipson, Former Member of the New York Senate
- Robert Jackson, former Member of the New York City Council[30]
- Liz Krueger, Member of the New York Senate
- Svante Myrick, Mayor of Ithaca[31]
- Phil Steck, Member of the New York State Assembly[32]
- Ritchie Torres, Member of New York City Council[33]
- Jimmy Van Bramer, Member of the New York City Council
- Jumaane Williams, Member of the New York City Council
- Media
- U.S. Representatives
- Pramila Jayapal, U.S. Representative, WA-7, Former Member of the Washington State Senate from the 37th District[37]
- Ro Khanna, U.S. Representative, CA-17[38]
- John Sarbanes, U.S. Representative, MD-3
- U.S. Senators
- U.S. Cabinet members
Polling
editPoll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Leecia Eve |
Letitia James |
Sean Patrick Maloney |
Zephyr Teachout |
Other | Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Change Research (D) | September 11–12, 2018 | 844 | ± 3.5% | 3% | 27% | 26% | 28% | – | 16% |
Siena College | September 4–7, 2018 | 509 | ± 4.3% | 3% | 24% | 25% | 18% | 1% | 30% |
Siena College | July 22–26, 2018 | 630 | ± 3.9% | 4% | 25% | 16% | 13% | – | 42% |
Quinnipiac University | July 12–16, 2018 | 415 | ± 6.2% | 3% | 26% | 15% | 12% | – | 44% |
Results
editParty | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Letitia James | 608,308 | 38.53% | |
Democratic | Zephyr Teachout | 468,083 | 29.65% | |
Democratic | Sean Patrick Maloney | 379,099 | 24.02% | |
Democratic | Leecia Eve | 52,367 | 3.32% | |
Total votes | 1,578,588 | 100.0% |
Republican primary
editCandidates
editNominee
edit- Keith Wofford, co-managing partner of Ropes & Gray's New York City office[41] (designated party nominee)[42][43]
Withdrew
edit- Manny Alicandro, corporate attorney from Manhattan[44] (ended Attorney General campaign in May 2018 to run for Comptroller)[42]
- Joe Holland, former Commissioner of the New York Department of Housing and Community Renewal (defeated for Republican nomination; endorsed Republican nominee Keith Wofford)[42]
Declined
edit- John P. Cahill, Republican nominee for attorney general in 2014 and former aide to Governor George Pataki[44]
- John DeFrancisco, Deputy Majority Leader of the New York State Senate[44]
- John Katko, U.S. Representative[45]
Endorsements
edit- U.S. Representatives
- Local and state politicians
- Brian F. Curran, Member of the New York State Assembly[47]
- Organizations
- Newspapers
Qualified third parties
editConservative
editConservative Party of New York State chairman Michael R. Long indicated the party would cross-endorse the Republican nominee for attorney general.[41]
- Nominee: Keith Wofford
Working Families
editNominee: Letitia James.[54] The party endorsed both Letitia James and Zephyr Teachout prior to the September 13 primary election.[55] Kenneth Schaefer, who was nominated as the Working Families Party's dummy candidate,[56] withdrew by October 9 in favor of Democratic nominee Letitia James.[57]
Independence Party
editNominee: Letitia James.[57] Victor J. Messina Jr., the original nominee,[58][59] withdrew by October 9 as well.[57]
Green Party
editNominee: Michael Sussman
Reform
editOn May 20, 2018, the Reform Party of New York State authorized four candidates to run for attorney general in its September 13, 2018 primary:
- Preet Bharara, former U.S. Attorney (declined)[60]
- Michael Diederich Jr.
- Christopher B. Garvey, Libertarian Party nominee and perennial candidate
- Nancy Regula, animal rights activist and wife of party chairman Curtis Sliwa[61]
Results
editParty | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Reform | Nancy Sliwa | 13,643 | 53.3 | |
Reform | Michael Diederich, Jr. | 6,005 | 23.5 | |
Reform | Christopher B. Garvey | 5,949 | 23.2 | |
Total votes | 25,597 | 100.0 |
Other third parties
editLibertarian
edit- Christopher B. Garvey [62]
General election
editPolling
editPoll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Letitia James (D) |
Keith Wofford (R) |
Other | Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Siena College | October 28 – November 1, 2018 | 641 | ± 3.9% | 49% | 37% | 0% | 14% |
McLaughlin & Associates (R-Wofford) | September 27–30, 2018 | 600 | ± 4.0% | 44% | 33% | 4% | 20% |
Siena College | September 20–27, 2018 | 701 | ± 3.9% | 50% | 36% | 1%[63] | 14% |
Results
editLetitia James (D) went on to easily win the election, with 62% of the vote versus Wofford's (R) 35%.[64] James became the first woman and the first African-American to be elected New York Attorney General.[65]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Letitia James | 3,497,213 | 58.38% | +12.89% | |
Working Families | Letitia James | 152,350 | 2.54% | −1.79% | |
Independence | Letitia James | 89,676 | 1.50% | −1.33% | |
Total | Letitia James | 3,739,239 | 62.42% | +9.77% | |
Republican | Keith Wofford | 1,851,510 | 30.91% | −1.68% | |
Conservative | Keith Wofford | 257,090 | 4.29% | −2.31% | |
Total | Keith Wofford | 2,108,600 | 35.20% | −4.24% | |
Green | Michael Sussman | 72,512 | 1.21% | −0.85% | |
Libertarian | Christopher Garvey | 43,767 | 0.73% | +0.10% | |
Reform | Nancy Sliwa | 26,441 | 0.44% | N/A | |
Total votes | 5,990,559 | 100.0% | N/A | ||
Democratic hold |
By congressional district
editJames won 23 of 27 congressional districts, including three that elected Republicans, with the remaining 4 going to Wofford, including one that elected a Democrat.[67]
District | James | Wofford | Representative |
---|---|---|---|
1st | 49.1% | 49.0% | Lee Zeldin |
2nd | 50% | 48% | Peter T. King |
3rd | 56% | 42% | Thomas Suozzi |
4th | 57% | 41% | Kathleen Rice |
5th | 89% | 10% | Gregory Meeks |
6th | 69% | 28% | Grace Meng |
7th | 89% | 8% | Nydia Velázquez |
8th | 89% | 10% | Hakeem Jeffries |
9th | 88% | 10% | Yvette Clarke |
10th | 81% | 17% | Jerry Nadler |
11th | 52% | 46% | Max Rose |
12th | 83% | 14% | Carolyn Maloney |
13th | 94% | 5% | Adriano Espaillat |
14th | 82% | 16% | Alexandria Ocasio Cortez |
15th | 95% | 4% | Jose E. Serrano |
16th | 77% | 21% | Eliot Engel |
17th | 63% | 34% | Nita Lowey |
18th | 52% | 45% | Sean Patrick Maloney |
19th | 49% | 47% | Antonio Delgado |
20th | 56% | 41% | Paul Tonko |
21st | 43% | 54% | Elise Stefanik |
22nd | 44% | 53% | Anthony Brindisi |
23rd | 42% | 54% | Tom Reed |
24th | 51% | 46% | John Katko |
25th | 56% | 41% | Joe Morelle |
26th | 58% | 39% | Brian Higgins |
27th | 36% | 61% | Chris Collins |
References
edit- ^ Mayer, Jane; Farrow, Ronan (May 7, 2018). "Four Women Accuse New York's Attorney General of Physical Abuse". New Yorker.
- ^ "Statement By Attorney General Eric T. Schneiderman | New York State Attorney General". ag.ny.gov. May 7, 2018. Archived from the original on May 8, 2018. Retrieved May 8, 2018.
- ^ "Eric Schneiderman, New York attorney general, quits amid assault reports". BBC News. May 8, 2018.
- ^ Feuer, Alan (November 8, 2018). "Schneiderman Will Not Face Criminal Charges in Abuse Complaints". The New York Times.
- ^ "Lawmakers Select Underwood as Interim Attorney General".
- ^ a b Lovett, Kenneth; Blain, Glenn (May 22, 2018). "Acting Attorney General Barbara Underwood to remain in office until year's end". New York Daily News.
- ^ Larson, Erik (November 8, 2018). "Underwood to Become New York Solicitor General After James' Election". Bloomberg. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
- ^ "Reports". Archived from the original on July 12, 2018. Retrieved July 18, 2018.
- ^ a b c Gormley, Michael; Ferrette, Candice (May 9, 2018). "8 possible candidates to replace Schneiderman as attorney general". Newsday.com. Archived from the original on May 12, 2018. Retrieved May 12, 2018.
- ^ "New York City Breaking News, Today's News | WCBS NewsRadio 880". www.audacy.com. Retrieved March 19, 2023.
- ^ Campbell, Jon (May 9, 2018). "Here's who could replace Attorney General Eric Schneiderman". DemocratandChronicle.com. Retrieved May 12, 2018.
- ^ New York Times. "Congressman Sean Patrick Maloney to Enter N.Y. Attorney General Race". Retrieved June 6, 2018.
- ^ Teachout, Zephyr [@ZephyrTeachout] (May 8, 2018). "I am seriously considering running for Attorney General" (Tweet). Retrieved May 8, 2018 – via Twitter.
- ^ "Zephyr Teachout takes step to run for NY attorney general; Rep. Maloney drops bid for appointment". February 8, 2014. Retrieved May 22, 2018.
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- ^ "Eric Schneiderman for Attorney General". Archived from the original on March 8, 2018. Retrieved November 24, 2017.
Official campaign site of the incumbent Democratic candidate in 2018 for New York's Attorney General.
- ^ Garcia, Eric (May 15, 2018). "Kathleen Rice Passes on Running for New York Attorney General". Retrieved May 22, 2018 – via www.rollcall.com.
- ^ Lovett, Kenneth. "Columbia Law professor who coined 'net neutrality' term mulling run for attorney general – NY Daily News". New York Daily News. Retrieved May 22, 2018.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq Segers, Grace (July 18, 2018). "The lopsided endorsements for AG". City & State. Retrieved August 18, 2018.
- ^ a b Grim, Ryan (August 7, 2018). "EMILY's List Backs Letitia James, Andrew Cuomo's Candidate for New York Attorney General". The Intercept. Retrieved August 18, 2018.
- ^ a b Reisman, Nick (September 6, 2018). "O'Rourke And Kennedy Endorse Maloney". NY State of Politics. Archived from the original on September 11, 2018. Retrieved September 10, 2018.
- ^ McKenna, Chris (July 27, 2018). "LGBT Victory Fund endorses Maloney in AG Dem primary". blogs.hudsonvalley.com.
- ^ "CARPENTERS UNION ENDORSES MALONEY FOR ATTORNEY GENERAL". Sean Patrick Maloney for New York.[permanent dead link]
- ^ a b "Zephyr Teachout for Attorney General of New York". The Nation. August 16, 2018. Retrieved August 18, 2018.
- ^ "Our Candidates/New York/Zephyr Teachout". Our Revolution. Archived from the original on September 7, 2018. Retrieved September 7, 2018.
- ^ @KEEVHA_DE (September 10, 2018). "@ZephyrTeachout @JumaaneWilliams Sending some canvassers up to help get out the vote!" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
- ^ Wang, Vivian (September 4, 2018). "Chirlane McCray Endorses Zephyr Teachout in N.Y. Attorney General Race". The New York Times. Retrieved September 5, 2018.
- ^ Paiella, Gabriella (August 8, 2018). "Exclusive: Cynthia Nixon and Zephyr Teachout to Announce Dual Endorsement". yahoo.com. Retrieved August 18, 2018.
- ^ Lovett, Kenneth; Elizalde, Elizabeth (July 12, 2018). "Teachout gets backing for AG race from Ocasio-Cortez". New York Daily News. Retrieved July 17, 2018.
- ^ "Robert Jackson Endorses Zephyr Teachout for Attorney General". Black Star News.
- ^ "Upstate Politics: Myrick endorses Teachout, Akshar announces recovery funding". Ithaca Journal. Retrieved September 5, 2018.
- ^ "Assemblyman Steck endorses Teachout for AG". The Daily Gazette. July 23, 2018. Retrieved September 5, 2018.
- ^ "EXCLUSIVE: Ritchie Torres 'co-endorses' Zephyr Teachout after first backing Letitia James". New York Daily News. Retrieved September 5, 2018.
- ^ "Editorial: Teachout for attorney general". The Buffalo News. September 5, 2018. Retrieved September 7, 2018.
- ^ "Zephyr Teachout for attorney general: A standout in the Democratic field". New York Daily News. Retrieved September 5, 2018.
- ^ "Zephyr Teachout Is the Right Choice as Attorney General for Democrats". The New York Times. August 19, 2018. Retrieved August 19, 2018.
- ^ "Jayapal Endorses Teachout For AG". NY State of Politics. August 10, 2018. Archived from the original on August 21, 2018. Retrieved August 21, 2018.
- ^ "Progressives Cheer NYT Editorial Board Endorsement of Zephyr Teachout for Attorney General". Common Dreams. August 20, 2018. Retrieved August 21, 2018.
- ^ "Bernie Sanders endorses Zephyr Teachout, stays out of NY governor race". Democrat and Chronicle. August 20, 2018. Retrieved September 10, 2018.
- ^ "Reich Endorses Teachout". State of Politics. September 6, 2018. Archived from the original on September 11, 2018. Retrieved September 11, 2018.
- ^ a b Lovett, Kenneth (May 21, 2018). "GOP has yet to nail down picks for AG, controller as convention looms". New York Daily News. Retrieved May 21, 2018.
- ^ a b c Precious, Tom (May 24, 2018). "GOP delegates choose Buffalo native Keith Wofford as state attorney general candidate". Buffalo News. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
- ^ Gayou, Gerrard (October 27, 2017). "A Republican Tries to Beat the Odds in New York". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved October 26, 2018.
- ^ a b c Whalen, Ryan (May 10, 2018). "GOP Looks for New AG Candidates". State of Politics. Archived from the original on May 12, 2018. Retrieved May 12, 2018.
- ^ "Congressman Katko not running for A.G., wants to focus on CNY". cnycentral.com. April 25, 2017.
- ^ @petekingcpg (October 10, 2018). ".@Wofford4AG is an outstanding Republican candidate for New York State Attorney General. Hempstead Town Councilwoma…" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
- ^ @noahmanskar (November 1, 2018). "The @Wofford4AG campaign is trolling @NassauExecutive Laura Curran, a Dem, with an endorsement from GOP Assemb. Bri…" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
- ^ @ABCEmpireState (October 29, 2018). "We're proud to endorse @Wofford4AG for Attorney General #ABCMeritShopProud" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
- ^ "Editorial: Wofford for attorney general". The Buffalo News. October 28, 2018. Retrieved November 3, 2018.
- ^ "Our view: New Yorkers can trust DiNapoli, Wofford, Gillibrand". The Citizen. November 3, 2018. Retrieved November 3, 2018.
- ^ "Gazette Endorsement: Wofford will be a force as AG". The Daily Gazette. October 27, 2018. Retrieved November 3, 2018.
- ^ "A Voter Guide to the Midterm Elections – Endorsements from the Jewish Voice". Jewish Voice. October 24, 2018. Archived from the original on October 27, 2018. Retrieved November 3, 2018.
- ^ "Other statewide races: DiNapoli for comptroller and Wofford for attorney general". Watertown Daily Times. November 3, 2018. Retrieved November 3, 2018.
- ^ "New York Working Families Party 2018 Endorsements". Working Families Party. Archived from the original on October 28, 2018.
- ^ "WFP Gives Seal of Approval to Both Tish James and Zephyr Teachout for Attorney General". Working Families Party. May 19, 2018. Archived from the original on May 28, 2018.
- ^ "WFP nominates placeholder for AG, blames Cuomo for James snub". Politico. Retrieved May 22, 2018.
- ^ a b c "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on October 8, 2018. Retrieved October 16, 2018.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "Independence Party picks Vincent Messina for attorney general". Newsday. Retrieved March 19, 2023.
- ^ "Long Island attorney gets Independence nod for AG". May 17, 2018.
- ^ "Bharara says he won't seek state AG job".
- ^ "NY Bd of Elections May 26, 2018". Archived from the original on May 12, 2012. Retrieved May 27, 2018.
- ^ 2018 Libertarian Candidate for Attorney General, Nominated for AG by the 2018 NY Libertarian Convention [1] Archived 2018-05-26 at the Wayback Machine; 2006 Libertarian candidate for Attorney General of New York (see New York gubernatorial election, 2006); 1998 Libertarian candidate for Governor of New York (see New York gubernatorial elections); Libertarian candidate for District Attorney, Suffolk, 2009, 2013, 2017 [2] Archived 2018-05-26 at the Wayback Machine; 2015 Conservative Candidate for Justice of the Supreme Court 12th Judicial District [3] Bd of Elections 2015, [4] 2003, [5] 2002, [6] 2001, [7] 2000.
- ^ "Won't vote with 1%"
- ^ "NYS Board of Elections Unofficial Election Night Results". Archived from the original on November 20, 2018. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
- ^ "NYS Attorney General Letitia James Delivers Historic Inaugural Speech". January 2019.
- ^ "New York Attorney General election" (PDF). Retrieved August 18, 2024.
- ^ "DRA 2020". Daves Redistricting. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
External links
edit- Official campaign websites