USS Mason (DE-529), an Evarts-class destroyer escort, was the second ship of the United States Navy to be named Mason, though DE-529 was the only one specifically named for Ensign Newton Henry Mason. USS Mason was one of two US Navy ships with largely African-American crews in World War II. The other was USS PC-1264, a submarine chaser.[1] These two ships were manned by African Americans as the result of a letter sent to President Roosevelt by the NAACP in mid-December 1941. Entering service in 1944, the vessel was used for convoy duty in the Battle of the Atlantic for the remainder of the war. Following the war, Mason was sold for scrap and broken up in 1947.
 USS Mason with dazzle camouflage
| |
| History | |
|---|---|
 United States | |
| Name | Mason |
| Laid down | 14 October 1943 |
| Launched | 17 November 1943 |
| Commissioned | 20 March 1944 |
| Decommissioned | 12 October 1945 |
| Stricken | 1 November 1945 |
| Fate | Sold for scrap 1947 |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | Evarts-class destroyer escort |
| Displacement | 1,140 short tons (1,030 tonnes) |
| Length | 289 ft 5 in (88.21 m) |
| Beam | 35 ft 1 in (10.69 m) |
| Draft | 8 ft 3 in (2.51 m) |
| Speed | 21 knots (39 km/h; 24 mph) |
| Complement | 156 officers and men |
| Armament |
|
Namesake
editNewton Henry Mason (24 December 1918 – May 1942) was a United States Navy fighter pilot who was killed in action at the Battle of the Coral Sea.
Mason was born in New York City on 24 December 1918. He enlisted as a seaman in the United States Naval Reserve on 7 November 1940 and on 10 February 1941 was appointed an aviation cadet. Assigned to U.S. Navy Fighting Squadron 3 (VF-3) aboard the aircraft carrier USS Saratoga as a Grumman F4F Wildcat fighter pilot in September 1941, he reported to VF-3 while it was stationed at Marine Corps Air Station Ewa, Territory of Hawaii, in January 1942 after Saratoga had been damaged by a Japanese submarine torpedo.[2]
Later reassigned to Fighting Squadron 2 (VF-2), Ensign Mason's first and only aerial combat occurred during the Battle of the Coral Sea on 8 May 1942, when he disappeared during action with Imperial Japanese Navy aircraft and was declared missing in action, probably the victim of Mitsubishi A6M Zero fighters from the Japanese aircraft carrier Shōkaku.[3]
Mason was posthumously awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross for his skill and courage in battle.
Service history
editMason's keel was laid down in the Boston Navy Yard, on 14 October 1943. She was launched on 17 November 1943, sponsored by Mrs. David Mason, the mother of Ensign Mason, and commissioned on 20 March 1944.
Following a shakedown cruise off Bermuda, Mason departed from Charleston, South Carolina, on 14 June, escorting a convoy bound for Europe, arriving at Horta Harbor, Azores, on 6 July. She got underway from Belfast, Northern Ireland, headed for the East Coast on 26 July, arriving at Boston Harbor on 2 August for convoy duty off the harbor through August.
On 2 September, she arrived at New York City to steam on 19 September in the screen for convoy NY.119. Mason reached Falmouth, Cornwall, with part of the convoy 18 October, and she returned to New York from Plymouth, England, and the Azores on 22 November.
On 18 October, Mason supported Convoy NY-119 in a severe North Atlantic storm.[4] The ship suffered and self-repaired critical structural damage and still rescued ships from the convoy. The crew of Mason was not awarded a letter of commendation until 1994 for meritorious service during this action.[5][6]
Mason joined Task Force 64 at Norfolk, Virginia, on 17 December. Two days later she sailed in convoy for Europe, passing by Gibraltar on 4 January 1945 to be relieved of escort duties. Continuing to Algeria, she entered Oran on 5 January for the formation of Task Group 60.11. The escort ship cleared Oran 7 January. Four days later the Mason made radar contact with a surface target. She rang up full speed with all battle stations manned to attack the presumptive submarine, rammed, and dropped depth charges. Unable to regain contact, the ship returned to the contact point, where searchlight revealed the target—a wooden derelict about 100 by 50 feet (30 by 15 m). Mason then steamed to Bermuda for repairs, entering St. George's Harbor on 19 January. Five days later she reached the New York Navy Yard.
On 12 February Mason departed Norfolk in convoy for the Mediterranean Sea, arriving off Gibraltar on 28 February. She cleared Oran 8 March to guard a convoy to Bermuda and Chesapeake Bay before returning to New York 24 March. After sonar exercises off New London, Connecticut, and fighter-director training with naval aircraft from Quonset Point, Rhode Island, she steamed from Norfolk 10 April with another convoy to Europe, leaving the convoy at Gibraltar 28 April. Mason was two days out of Oran en route to the East Coast when the end of World War II in Europe was announced on 8 May.
Mason arrived at New York on 23 May for operations along the East Coast into July. From 28 July to 18 August she served as a school ship for the Naval Training Center, Miami, Florida. On 20 August she arrived at New London to be outfitted for long-range underwater signal testing in the Bermuda area into September. Mason departed from Bermuda on 8 September for Charleston, arriving there two days later. Mason was decommissioned on 12 October, was struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 1 November 1945, and was sold and delivered to New Jersey, on 18 March 1947 for scrapping.
The Arleigh Burke-class destroyer USS Mason (DDG-87) was named in honor of Mason's mostly African American enlisted crew,[7] and the 2004 film Proud dramatizes their story.
References
edit- ^ "Submarine Chaser PC-1264". NavSource Naval History. Retrieved 21 August 2007.
- ^ Lundstrom, p. 64.
- ^ Lundstrom, pp. 333, 618–619.
- ^ "The Ordeal of Convoy NY-119". Proudly We Served Website. Retrieved 23 January 2012.
- ^ "USS Mason and Black Sailors in the WWII Navy". African-Americans Proudly Serving in WWII. Retrieved 23 January 2012.
- ^ PCU Mason Public Affairs (7 February 2003). "USS Mason's History Makes for Bright Future". U.S. Navy. Retrieved 23 January 2012.
- ^ "History". United States Navy. Archived from the original on 16 February 2020. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. The entry can be found here.- Kelly, Mary Pat (1999). Proudly We Served: The Men of the USS Mason. Annapolis: US Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1-55750-466-1.
External links
edit
Media related to USS Mason (DE-529) at Wikimedia Commons- Photo gallery at the Naval History & Heritage Command
- Photo gallery at Navsource.org
