Nizhneudinsk (Russian: Нижнеу́динск, IPA: [nʲɪʐnʲɪˈudʲɪnsk]; Buryat: Доодо-Үдэ, Doodo-Üde) is a town and the administrative center of Nizhneudinsky District of Irkutsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Uda River (Yenisei's basin), 506 kilometers (314 mi) northwest of Irkutsk, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 36,999 (2010 Census);[3] 39,624 (2002 Census);[9] 43,759 (1989 Soviet census);[10] 39,700 (1970).
Nizhneudinsk
Нижнеудинск | |
|---|---|
 Nizhneudinsk Train Station | |
 Flag .jpg) Coat of arms | |
Location of Nizhneudinsk  | |
  Nizhneudinsk Location of Nizhneudinsk  Nizhneudinsk Nizhneudinsk (Irkutsk Oblast) | |
| Coordinates: 54°56′N 99°00′E / 54.933°N 99.000°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Irkutsk Oblast[1] |
| Administrative district | Nizhneudinsky District[2] |
| Founded | 1648 |
| Town status since | 1763 |
| Area | |
• Total | 75 km2 (29 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 420 m (1,380 ft) |
| Population | |
• Total | 36,999 |
• Estimate (2013)[4] | 35,500 |
| • Density | 490/km2 (1,300/sq mi) |
| • Capital of | Nizhneudinsky District[5] |
| • Municipal district | Nizhneudinsky Municipal District[6] |
| • Urban settlement | Nizhneudinskoye Urban Settlement[6] |
| • Capital of | Nizhneudinsky Municipal District,[6] Nizhneudinskoye Urban Settlement[6] |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (MSK+5  [7]) |
| Postal code(s)[8] | 664810, 665100–665104, 665106 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 39557 |
| OKTMO ID | 25628101001 |
History
editIt was founded in 1648 and granted town status in 1783.[citation needed] Nizhneudinsk was so named to distinguish it from Verkhneudinsk (now Ulan-Ude).
Administrative and municipal status
editWithin the framework of administrative divisions, Nizhneudinsk serves as the administrative center of Nizhneudinsky District,[5] to which it is directly subordinated.[2] As a municipal division, the town of Nizhneudinsk is incorporated within Nizhneudinsky Municipal District as Nizhneudinskoye Urban Settlement.[6]
Economy
editTransportation
editThe town stands on the Trans-Siberian Railway and is served by a small airport, ICAO code UINN.[11]
Military
editIn 1987, the 91st Motor Rifle Division was withdrawn from Mongolia and arrived at Nizhneudinsk. Later that year it became a Territorial Education Center, and then a Base for Storage of Weapons and Equipment. It was redesignated twice before becoming the 187th Base for Storage of Weapons and Equipment. The 187th Base for Storage and Repair of Weapons and Equipment of the Central Military District is based in the town.[12]
Climate
editNizhneudinsk has a subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dwc), with long, severely cold winters and short, warm summers. Precipitation is quite low but is much higher in summer than at other times of the year.
| Climate data for Nizhneudinsk | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 8.0 (46.4) |
12.9 (55.2) |
19.4 (66.9) |
31.0 (87.8) |
34.3 (93.7) |
36.3 (97.3) |
35.4 (95.7) |
36.4 (97.5) |
31.7 (89.1) |
26.9 (80.4) |
16.0 (60.8) |
10.4 (50.7) |
36.4 (97.5) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −13.5 (7.7) |
−7.1 (19.2) |
1.8 (35.2) |
10.4 (50.7) |
17.9 (64.2) |
23.9 (75.0) |
25.4 (77.7) |
22.8 (73.0) |
15.5 (59.9) |
7.4 (45.3) |
−3.8 (25.2) |
−11.9 (10.6) |
7.4 (45.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −20.6 (−5.1) |
−16.0 (3.2) |
−6.7 (19.9) |
2.6 (36.7) |
9.5 (49.1) |
15.9 (60.6) |
18.3 (64.9) |
15.5 (59.9) |
8.3 (46.9) |
0.6 (33.1) |
−9.5 (14.9) |
−17.7 (0.1) |
0.0 (32.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −26.3 (−15.3) |
−23.3 (−9.9) |
−14.1 (6.6) |
−4.0 (24.8) |
1.8 (35.2) |
8.6 (47.5) |
12.1 (53.8) |
9.8 (49.6) |
3.0 (37.4) |
−4.2 (24.4) |
−14.0 (6.8) |
−22.6 (−8.7) |
−6.1 (21.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −49.7 (−57.5) |
−47.5 (−53.5) |
−45.2 (−49.4) |
−32.0 (−25.6) |
−11.6 (11.1) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
−2.6 (27.3) |
−9.7 (14.5) |
−27.5 (−17.5) |
−42.6 (−44.7) |
−49.6 (−57.3) |
−49.7 (−57.5) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 8.5 (0.33) |
7.3 (0.29) |
10.6 (0.42) |
18.0 (0.71) |
33.7 (1.33) |
67.3 (2.65) |
92.0 (3.62) |
92.7 (3.65) |
50.6 (1.99) |
20.3 (0.80) |
16.1 (0.63) |
13.9 (0.55) |
431 (16.97) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 19 (7.5) |
20 (7.9) |
13 (5.1) |
1 (0.4) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
1 (0.4) |
7 (2.8) |
15 (5.9) |
76 (30) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 17.1 | 15.1 | 15.3 | 18 | 19 | 20.1 | 18 | 20 | 19 | 19 | 20.3 | 19 | 219.9 |
| Average snowy days | 17 | 15 | 14 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 18 | 19 | 102 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 83 | 79 | 71 | 62 | 60 | 69 | 75 | 80 | 78 | 76 | 81 | 84 | 75 |
| Source: Pogoda.ru.net[13] | |||||||||||||
References
editNotes
edit- ^ a b Charter of Irkutsk Oblast
- ^ a b Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Formations of Irkutsk Oblast
- ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ Численность населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2013 года. — М.: Федеральная служба государственной статистики Росстат, 2013. — 528 с. (Табл. 33. Численность населения городских округов, муниципальных районов, городских и сельских поселений, городских населенных пунктов, сельских населенных пунктов)
- ^ a b Law #49-OZ
- ^ a b c d e Law #86-oz
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ http://promzona.org/utils/airfields.html?sort=&page=6&dir=asc Promzona Russian aerodromes directory
- ^ "Sib". Archived from the original on May 13, 2008. Retrieved March 18, 2010.
- ^ "Pogoda.ru.net-Climate Data for Nizhneudinsk 1981-2010". Retrieved January 23, 2013.
Sources
edit- Законодательное Собрание Иркутской области. Постановление №9/5-ЗС от 15 апреля 2009 г. «Устав Иркутской области», в ред. Закона №2-У от 14 декабря 2017 г. «О поправках к Уставу Иркутской области». Вступил в силу по истечении десяти дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Областная", №45, 24 апреля 2009 г. (Legislative Assembly of Irkutsk Oblast. Resolution #9/5-ZS of April 15, 2009 Charter of Irkutsk Oblast, as amended by the Law #2-U of December 14, 2017 On the Amendments to the Charter of Irkutsk Oblast. Effective as of the day following a ten-day period after the day of the official publication.).
- Законодательное Собрание Иркутской области. Закон №49-ОЗ от 21 июня 2010 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Иркутской области», в ред. Закона №12-ОЗ от 23 марта 2017 г. «О внесении изменений в статьи 25 и 33 Закона Иркутской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Иркутской области" и Закон Иркутской области "О порядке рассмотрения Законодательным Собранием Иркутской области предложений о присвоении наименований географическим объектам и (или) о переименовании географических объектов"». Вступил в силу после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Областная", №71, 25 июня 2010 г. (Legislative Assembly of Irkutsk Oblast. Law #49-OZ of June 21, 2010 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Irkutsk Oblast, as amended by the Law #12-OZ of March 23, 2017 On Amending Articles 25 and 33 of the Law of Irkutsk Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Irkutsk Oblast" and the Law of Irkutsk Oblast "On the Procedures for Consideration of Assignments of Names to Geographical Objects and (or) Renaming of Geographical Objects". Effective as of after the day of the official publication.).
- Законодательное Собрание Иркутской области. Закон №86-оз от 16 декабря 2004 г. «О статусе и границах муниципальных образований Нижнеудинского района Иркутской области». Вступил в силу с 31 декабря 2004 г., но не ранее чем через 10 дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Восточно-Сибирская правда", №254–255, 20 декабря 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of Irkutsk Oblast. Law #86-oz of December 16, 2004 On the Status and Borders of the Municipal Formations of Nizhneudinsky District of Irkutsk Oblast. Effective as of December 31, 2004, but not earlier than 10 days after the official publication date.).
- Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Formations of Irkutsk Oblast (in Russian)
External links
edit- . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911.