Norris Henry Cotton (May 11, 1900 – February 24, 1989) was an American politician from the state of New Hampshire. A member of the Republican Party, he served as a U.S. Representative and subsequently as a U.S. Senator.[1]
Norris Cotton | |
|---|---|
 | |
| United States Senator from New Hampshire | |
| In office August 8, 1975 – September 18, 1975 | |
| Appointed by | Meldrim Thomson Jr. |
| Preceded by | Louis C. Wyman |
| Succeeded by | John A. Durkin |
| In office November 8, 1954 – December 31, 1974 | |
| Preceded by | Robert W. Upton |
| Succeeded by | Louis C. Wyman |
| Chair of the Senate Republican Conference | |
| In office January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1975 | |
| Preceded by | Margaret Chase Smith |
| Succeeded by | Carl Curtis |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New Hampshire's 2nd district | |
| In office January 3, 1947 – November 7, 1954 | |
| Preceded by | Sherman Adams |
| Succeeded by | Perkins Bass |
| Speaker of the New Hampshire House of Representatives | |
| In office 1945–1947 | |
| Preceded by | Sherman Adams |
| Succeeded by | J. Walker Wiggin |
| Member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives | |
| In office 1923–1923 | |
| In office 1943–1947 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | May 11, 1900 Warren, New Hampshire, U.S. |
| Died | February 24, 1989 (aged 88) Lebanon, New Hampshire, U.S. |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouses | Ruth Isaacs
(m. 1927; died 1978)Eleanor Coolidge Brown
(m. 1980) |
| Children | 1 |
| Alma mater | Wesleyan University George Washington University Law School |
| Occupation |
|
Early life
editCotton was born on a farm in Warren, New Hampshire, and was educated at Phillips Exeter Academy in New Hampshire and Wesleyan University in Connecticut. He was the son of Henry Lang and Elizabeth (née Moses) Cotton. While in college, he served as a clerk to the New Hampshire State Senate. He also served as a member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives in 1923 as one of the youngest legislators in history. He became a lawyer after attending George Washington University Law School and practiced law in Lebanon, New Hampshire.
Career
editCotton was elected to the New Hampshire House of Representatives again in 1943, and served as majority leader that year and as Speaker from 1945 to 1947.
In 1946, Cotton was elected to the United States House of Representatives from New Hampshire's 2nd congressional district for the first time. He served until 1954, when he ran for a seat in the United States Senate from New Hampshire in a special election to fill the vacancy caused by the death of incumbent Senator Charles W. Tobey. He was elected to a full term in 1956, reelected twice and served in the Senate until 1975.
Cotton voted in favor of the Civil Rights Acts of 1957,[2] 1960,[3] and 1968,[4] as well as the 24th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution,[5] the Voting Rights Act of 1965,[6] and the confirmation of Thurgood Marshall to the U.S. Supreme Court,[7] but against the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965. Cotton was the only New England senator do so.[8] Cotton was one of thirteen Republican senators to vote in favor of Medicare.[9] He was a prominent leader of his party in the Senate, chairing the Senate Republican Conference from 1973 to 1975. He did not run for reelection in 1974. Three days before his final term ran out, Cotton resigned to allow the governor to appoint Louis C. Wyman.
Cotton returned to the Senate in August 1975 after the election of his successor was contested. The closest Senate election in history, it went through two recounts at the state level, followed by protracted debate on the Senate floor, until both candidates agreed to a special election.[10] Cotton served as a temporary senator until the September 1975 special election, the result of which was not challenged; Cotton returned to Lebanon, New Hampshire. Cotton was the last senator to return to the senate via appointment for 43 years until Arizona's former Senator Jon Kyl was appointed by Governor Doug Ducey in 2018 following the death of Senator John McCain.
Death and legacy
editCotton died on February 24, 1989, in Lebanon, aged 88.[1] He is interred at School Street Cemetery in Lebanon.
The Norris Cotton Cancer Center at Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center in Lebanon is named for him, and a federal building in Manchester also bears his name.[11] There is a New Hampshire historical marker (number 231) in Warren, unveiled in 2012, which says that his rise from humble beginnings "embodied an American way of life."[12]
Family life
editHe had a daughter, Mary Martha Ballou, on February 15, 1925. He married Ruth Isaacs on May 11, 1927. They had no children. Ruth died in 1978 and he married his housekeeper, Eleanor Coolidge Brown, in 1980.[1]
References
edit- ^ a b c Saxon, Wolfgang (25 February 1989). "Norris Cotton, 88, Former New Hampshire Senator". The New York Times Company. Retrieved 22 July 2014.
- ^ "HR. 6127. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1957". GovTrack.us.
- ^ "HR. 8601. PASSAGE OF AMENDED BILL".
- ^ "TO PASS H.R. 2516, A BILL TO PROHIBIT DISCRIMINATION IN SALE OR RENTAL OF HOUSING, AND TO PROHIBIT RACIALLY MOTIVATED INTERFERENCE WITH A PERSON EXERCISING HIS CIVIL RIGHTS, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES".
- ^ "S.J. RES. 29. APPROVAL OF RESOLUTION BANNING THE POLL TAX AS PREREQUISITE FOR VOTING IN FEDERAL ELECTIONS". GovTrack.us.
- ^ "TO PASS S. 1564, THE VOTING RIGHTS ACT OF 1965".
- ^ "CONFIRMATION OF NOMINATION OF THURGOOD MARSHALL, THE FIRST NEGRO APPOINTED TO THE SUPREME COURT". GovTrack.us.
- ^ "HR. 7152. PASSAGE".
- ^ TO PASS H.R. 6675, THE SOCIAL SECURITY AMENDMENTS OF 1965
- ^ "U.S. Senate: Art & History Home > Historical Minutes > 1964-Present > Closest Election in Senate History". Senate.gov. Retrieved 2010-05-14.
- ^ "Norris Cotton Federal Building". Emporis. Archived from the original on July 14, 2022. Retrieved September 6, 2019.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ "New NH marker honors former Sen. Norris Cotton". Boston.com. AP. July 17, 2012. Retrieved July 22, 2014.
External links
edit- United States Congress. "Norris Cotton (id: C000802)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
- U.S. Senate Historical Office, "Closest Election in Senate History", retrieved November 15, 2006.
- Norris Cotton at Find a Grave