King's Highway 53, commonly referred to as Highway 53, was a provincially maintained highway in the southern portion of the Canadian province of Ontario that connected Woodstock to Hamilton via Brantford. The 76.5-kilometre (47.5 mi) route served as a southerly bypass to Highway 2, avoiding Paris, Ancaster and Hamilton. In addition to the previously mentioned cities, Highway 53 served the communities of Cathcart and Burford.
 King's Highway 53 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oxford County Road 55, Brant County Highway 53, Brant County Highway 2/53, Burford RoadRymal Road, Garner Road. | |||||||
| Route information | |||||||
| Maintained by City of Hamilton | |||||||
| Length | 76.5 km[1] (47.5 mi) | ||||||
| Existed | August 14, 1935[2]–April 1, 1997[3] | ||||||
| Major junctions | |||||||
| West end |  Highway 2 – Eastwood | ||||||
 Highway 403 Highway 24 Highway 2 Highway 6 | |||||||
| East end |   Highway 20 / Highway 56 (Upper Centennial Parkway / Rymal Road) – Hamilton, Stoney Creek | ||||||
| Location | |||||||
| Country | Canada | ||||||
| Province | Ontario | ||||||
| Counties | Oxford County, Brant County, Hamilton | ||||||
| Major cities | Woodstock, Brantford, Ancaster, Ontario, Hamilton, Stoney Creek | ||||||
| Highway system | |||||||
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First designated in 1935, the route remained in place until it was downloaded to local jurisdiction in 1997. For much of its history, the road was concurrent with Highway 2 between Woodstock and Eastwood, as well as between Brantford and Ancaster. Today the route is known by various local names, including Oxford County Road 55, Brant County Highway 53, Wilson Street, Garner Road and Rymal Road. It serves as an alternative to Highway 2 or Highway 403.
Route description
edit
The route of former Highway 53 began in the west at Oxford County Road 2, formerly Highway 2. From the community of Eastwood, which lies east of Woodstock, the road travelled southeast as Oxford County Road 55 and crosses Highway 403, with which there is an interchange.[4] Soon thereafter, the route entered the community of Muir, at the Oxford County and County of Brant boundary.[5] East of this point the route is known as Brant County Highway 53, where it continued southeast passing through the community of Cathcart. It eventually straightened out and travelled east through Burford. As the road approached Brantford, intersecting Highway 24 (Rest Acres Road), it skirted the southern edge of Brantford Municipal Airport.[5]
Within Brantford, the former highway is now known as Colborne Street, although the section through downtown Brantford is a one-way street; westbound traffic is directed onto Dalhousie Street. The route crossed the Grand River west of downtown, intersecting and becoming concurrent with former Highway 2 at Brant Avenue.[4] It intersected the southern terminus of what is now Wayne Gretzky Parkway, towards the eastern end of town, and eventually crossed a Southern Ontario Railway track into the community of Cainsville.[5] Soon after, the route passed through the community of Langford and then entered Hamilton.[5]
History
editHighway 53 was created in the mid-1930s to bypass the congested section of Highway 2 between Woodstock and Brantford. It was later extended into Hamilton to improve the layout of highways around that city, specifically Highway 20A.[2]
On August 14, 1935, the Department of Highways (DHO) assumed the Burford Road, between Highway 2 in Eastwood and Highway 24 (Mount Pleasant Street) in Brantford, as a provincial highway.[2] The new Highway 53 entered Brantford along Burford Street, turning onto Oxford Street at Welsh Street and becoming concurrent with Highway 24 to cross the Grand River. On the opposite side, Highway 53 ended at Highway 2 (Brant Avenue).[6] Burford and Oxford streets have since been renamed as Colborne Street West.[4] At its western terminus, the route intersected Highway 2 in Eastwood, then travelled concurrently with it for 7.7 km (4.8 mi) west into Woodstock.[7]
In 1937, a series of route renumberings took place in the Hamilton area. Among these was the renumbering of Highway 20A, which prior to then followed Upper Gage Avenue to Rymal Road. Rymal Road was also numbered Highway 20A from Duff's Corners, south of Ancaster, to Elfrida, at the junction of Rymal Road and Centennial Parkway (Highway 20). Following the renumbering, the route north into Hamilton became Highway 55, while Garner Road and Rymal Road became an extension of Highway 53. To connect the two sections of the route, a concurrency was established along Highway 2 between Brantford and Duff's Corners.[8] The highway was fully paved by 1939,[8] though most sections of it had been paved when it was commissioned as a provincial highway.[9] The only unpaved section, between Eastwood and Burford, was paved in 1937 and 1938.[10]
In 1954, the concurrency with Highway 2 near Woodstock was discontinued, establishing the western terminus at Eastwood.[11][12] The route remained this way until the late 1990s. In 1997, the remainder of Highway 53 was downloaded to the Regional Municipality of Oxford County, Brant County, and the City of Hamilton (formerly the Regional Municipality of Hamilton-Wentworth).[3] The road is now known as Oxford County Road 55, Brant County Highway 53, and Brant County Highway 2/53 (for being co-signed with fellow defunct road Highway 2). In Hamilton, the road is simply known as Rymal Road and Garner Road.[5] The former is named after William Rymal, (1759–1852), farmer and one of earliest settlers on the Hamilton mountain.[13][14]
Major intersections
editThe following table lists the major junctions along Highway 53, as noted by the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario.[1] In addition, it includes some minor junctions.[4]
| Division | Location | km[1] | mi | Destinations | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oxford | Eastwood | 0.0 | 0.0 | Highway 2 – Woodstock, Paris | |
| Norwich | 2.1 | 1.3 |  County Road 15 (Towerline Road) | ||
| 3.4 | 2.1 | Highway 403 – Hamilton, London | Exit 6 | ||
| Muir | 6.8 | 4.2 |  County Road 22 /  County Road 129 south /  County Road 130 north | ||
| Brant | |||||
| Brant County | 14.8 | 9.2 |  County Road 25 (Middle Townline Road) | ||
| 17.5 | 10.9 |  County Road 202 (Harley Road) | Formerly County Road 2 | ||
| Burford | 22.2 | 13.8 |  County Road 16 (Bishops Gate Road) | ||
| Brant County | 26.4 | 16.4 | Highway 24 – Simcoe | Beginning of former Highway 24 concurrency, prior to completion of Highway 403 | |
| 30.3 | 18.8 |  County Road 7 (Pleasant Ridge Road) | |||
| Brantford | 33.0 | 20.5 |  County Road 24 (Mount Pleasant Street) | ||
| 34.1 | 21.2 | Highway 2 west (Brant Avenue) | Beginning of Highway 2 concurrency; end of former Highway 24 concurrency, prior to completion of Highway 403; eastbound Highway 2 / 53 via Colborne Street; westbound Highway 2 / 53 via Dalhousie Street | ||
| 36.5 | 22.7 | Colborne Street / Dalhousie Street | Eastbound Highway 2 / 53 via Colborne Street; westbound Highway 2 / 53 via Dalhousie Street | ||
| 36.8 | 22.9 | Wayne Gretzky Parkway | |||
| Cainsville | 40.4 | 25.1 |  Highway 54 south – Cayuga | ||
| 42.1 | 26.2 |  County Road 17 (Jerseyville Road) – Jerseyville | |||
| Langford | 47.1 | 29.3 |  County Road 8 (White Swan Road) – Onondaga | ||
| Hamilton | Ancaster | 48.8 | 30.3 | City Road 203 north (Sunny Ridge Road) – Jerseyville | |
| 53.7 | 33.4 |  Highway 52 north | |||
| 55.3 | 34.4 | Highway 2 east – Toronto | |||
| 59.0 | 36.7 | Fiddlers Green Road | |||
| 60.9 | 37.8 | Southcote Road | |||
| 63.5 | 39.5 | Glancaster Road | |||
| Ryckmans Corner | 66.4 | 41.3 | Upper James Street | Formerly Highway 6 | |
| Hannon | 69.1 | 42.9 | City Road 626 (Miles Road) | ||
| 70.9 | 44.1 | City Road 634 (Nebb Road) | |||
| Stoney Creek | 73.3 | 45.5 | Upper Mount Albion Road | ||
| 74.1 | 46.0 | City Road 614 (Fletcher Road) | |||
| 76.5 | 47.5 | Highway 20 / Highway 56 – Niagara Falls | |||
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi | |||||
References
edit- ^ a b Provincial Highways Distance Table. Ministry of Transportation of Ontario. 1989. pp. 66–67. ISSN 0825-5350.
- ^ a b c "Schedule 4 – Schedule of Assumptions and Reversions of Sections". Annual Report (Report) (1936 ed.). Department of Highways. January 19, 1937. p. 49. Retrieved October 8, 2021 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ a b Highway Transfers List (Report). Ministry of Transportation of Ontario. April 1, 1997. pp. 2, 4, 7.
- ^ a b c d "Highway 53 length and route" (Map). Google Maps. Retrieved November 30, 2021.
- ^ a b c d e Ontario Back Road Atlas (Map). Cartography by MapArt. Peter Heiler Ltd. 2010. pp. 16–17. § Q21–S29. ISBN 978-1-55198-226-7.
- ^ Ontario Road Map (Map). Cartography by D. Barclay. Department of Highways. 1937–38. Brantford inset. Archived from the original on October 8, 2021. Retrieved October 8, 2021 – via Archives of Ontario.
- ^ Ontario Road Map (Map). Cartography by D. Barclay. Department of Highways. 1937–38. Mileage Tables inset. Archived from the original on October 8, 2021. Retrieved October 8, 2021 – via Archives of Ontario.
- ^ a b Ontario Road Map (Map). Cartography by D. Barclay. Department of Highways. 1939–40. §§ 9J–L. Archived from the original on October 9, 2021. Retrieved October 8, 2021 – via Archives of Ontario.
- ^ Ontario Road Map (Map). Cartography by D. Barclay. Department of Highways. 1937–38. §§ 9J–L. Archived from the original on October 9, 2021. Retrieved October 8, 2021 – via Archives of Ontario.
- ^ "Division No. 2 — London". Annual Report (Report) (1937 ed.). Department of Highways. April 20, 1939. p. 16. Retrieved October 8, 2021 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ Ontario Road Map (Map). Cartography by C. P. Robins. Department of Highways. 1953. Mileage Tables inset. Archived from the original on October 9, 2021. Retrieved October 8, 2021 – via Archives of Ontario.
- ^ Ontario Road Map (Map). Cartography by C. P. Robins. Department of Highways. 1954. Mileage Tables inset. Archived from the original on October 9, 2021. Retrieved October 8, 2021 – via Archives of Ontario.
- ^ Bailey, Thomas Melville (1981). Dictionary of Hamilton Biography (Vol I, 1791-1875). W.L. Griffin Ltd.
- ^ Burkholder, Mabel (1956). Barton on the Mountain. Hamilton Public Library.
