Olonetsky District (Russian: Оло́нецкий райо́н; Karelian: Anuksen piiri) is an administrative district (raion), one of the fifteen in the Republic of Karelia, Russia.[1]
Olonetsky District
Олонецкий район | |
|---|---|
 The village of Kotkozero in Olonetsky District | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
 Location of Olonetsky District in the Republic of Karelia | |
| Coordinates: 60°59′N 32°58′E / 60.983°N 32.967°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Republic of Karelia[1] |
| Established | 29 August 1927 |
| Administrative center | Olonets[2] |
| Area | |
| • Total | 3,988 km2 (1,540 sq mi) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 23,124 |
| • Density | 5.8/km2 (15/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 39.2% |
| • Rural | 60.8% |
| Administrative structure | |
| • Inhabited localities[5] | 1 cities/towns, 64 rural localities |
| Municipal structure | |
| • Municipally incorporated as | Olonetsky Municipal District[6] |
| • Municipal divisions[7] | 1 urban settlements, 8 rural settlements |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (UTC+03:00 [8]) |
| OKTMO ID | 86630000 |
| Website | http://www.olon-rayon.ru |
Its administrative center is the town of Olonets.[2]
Olonetsky district is equated to the districts of the far north.
Refers to national areas.
Geography
edit- The area of the district is 3,988 square kilometers (1,540 sq mi).[3]
- It is located in the southern part of the Republic of Karelia on the Olonets plain.
- It borders:
- in the north and northwest — with the Pryazhinsky and Pitkyarantsky districts of the Republic of Karelia.
- in the south and southeast — with the Leningrad Oblast.
- in the southwest has a long (about 120 km) access to Lake Ladoga.
About 90% of the district's territory is occupied by forests and swamps. There are 49 lakes and 11 rivers on the territory of the district.
The nature of the relief is mainly flat. In the north and east of the district there are hills, the most significant is Mount Zheleznaya (97 m).
Climate
editThe climate is mild, moderately continental. The average temperature in January is -9.9 °C, in July — +16.5 °C. The average annual precipitation is 584 mm.
Mass media
editNewspapers and magazines
edit- The first regional newspaper "Kolkhoznik" (editor M. Ishukov) was published on August 20, 1930. In 1957-1991, the newspaper was published under the name "Olonetskaya Pravda". Since 1991, it has been published under the name "Olonia".[9]
History
editThe district was formed on August 29, 1927 as part of the Autonomous Karelian SSR. In 1930, the Vidlitsky district of the Autonomous Karelian SSR became part of the district.
During the Soviet-Finnish War (1941-1944), the territory of the district was occupied. The territory of the district was liberated by Soviet troops in the summer of 1944 during the Svir-Petrozavodsk operation.
On May 23, 1957, part of the territory of the abolished Pitkyarantsky district was annexed to the Olonetsky district.[10]
Administrative and municipal status
edit
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Olonetsky District is one of the fifteen in the Republic of Karelia[1] and has administrative jurisdiction over one town (Olonets) and sixty-four rural localities.[5] As a municipal division, the district is incorporated as Olonetsky Municipal District.[6] The town of Olonets and eight rural localities are incorporated into an urban settlement, while the remaining fifty-six rural localities are incorporated into eight rural settlements within the municipal district.[7] The town of Olonets serves as the administrative center of both the administrative[2] and municipal[6] district.
Economy
editThe basis of the district's economy is the forestry industry, timber processing and agriculture (crop production, meat and dairy farming, animal husbandry). Tourism activity is developing.
Transport
editAutomobile communication
editThe federal highway «Kola» passes through the district.
The district is connected by regular bus routes with Petrozavodsk, St. Petersburg, Sortavala. Commuter flights from Olonets to Verkhny Olonets, Vidlitsa, Ilyinsky, Tuksy, Kovera, Megrega, Rypushkalitsa and Verkhovye.
Railway
editRailway line Yanisjarvi — Lodeynoye Pole.
Attractions
edit
More than 130 monuments of historical and cultural heritage have been preserved on the territory of the district.[11]
- Chapel of St. George the Victorious (wooden) of the XVIII century in the village of Pertiselga
- Cross of Worship in the village of Tatchelitsa (the first half of the 19th century)
- Vazheozersky Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery (built in 1520)
- Olonets National Museum of Karelians-Livviks named after N. G. Prilukin
- Flora and Lavra Church in the village of Megrega (founded in 1613)
- Chapel of Michael, Peter and Paul (XVIII century) in the village of Novinka
- Dubrovin's house in the village of Bolshaya Selga (the first half of the 19th century)
- The village of Bolshaya Selga (houses and buildings of the 19th century have been preserved here)
Demographics
editOlonetsky District is the only district in the republic where Karelians form a majority of the population (63.4% in 1989).[citation needed] Natural population growth rate was -12.02 per 1,000 in 1994.[citation needed]
| 2010 Census | 23,124[4] |
|---|---|
| 2002 Census | 27,034[12] |
| 1989 Census | 30,497[13] |
| 1979 Census | 29,616[14] |
Notable natives and residents
editArtamonov Ivan Ilyich (1914-1985) — Hero of the Soviet Union, a native of the village of Stepannavolok.
Vladimir Egorovich Brandoev (1931-1990) was a Karelian poet and translator, a native of Berezhnaya village.
Mikhail Konstantinovich Kononov (1923-2005) was an economic and party leader, a native of the city of Olonets.
Ivan Petrovich Kuzmin (1928-2002) — Honored School teacher of the RSFSR, a native of the village of Matchezero.
Heroes of Socialist Labor worked in the district — I. V. Chaikin, S. V. Sablin, F. F. Koshkin.
See also
edit- Olonets Governorate of the Russian Empire and the early Russian SFSR
References
editNotes
edit- ^ a b c Constitution of the Republic of Karelia
- ^ a b c Law #871-ZRK
- ^ a b "General Information" (in Russian). Olonetsky District. Retrieved May 15, 2017.
- ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ a b Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 86 230», в ред. изменения №278/2015 от 1 января 2016 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 86 230, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
- ^ a b c Law #825-ZRK
- ^ a b Law #813-ZRK
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Карелия: энциклопедия: в 3 т. / гл. ред. А. Ф. Титов. Т. 3: Р — Я. — Петрозаводск: ИД «ПетроПресс», 2011. С. 8 — 384 с.: ил., карт. ISBN 978-5-8430-0127-8 (т. 3)
- ^ Ведомости Верховного Совета СССР. № 13 (880), 1957 г.
- ^ "Объекты культурного наследия на территории Олонецкого района" (in Russian). November 27, 2022. Archived from the original on December 3, 2013.
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1979 г. Национальный состав населения по регионам России [All Union Population Census of 1979. Ethnic composition of the population by regions of Russia] (XLS). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1979 года [All-Union Population Census of 1979] (in Russian). 1979 – via Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics.
Sources
edit- Верховный Совет Карельской АССР. №473-ЗРК 30 мая 1978 г. «Конституция Республики Карелия», в ред. Закона №1314-ЗРК от 16 июля 2009 г «О внесении изменений в Конституцию Республики Карелия». Опубликован: отдельной брошюрой. (Supreme Soviet of the Karelian ASSR. #473-ZRK May 30, 1978 Constitution of the Republic of Karelia, as amended by the Law #1314-ZRK of July 16, 2009 On Amending the Constitution of the Republic of Karelia. ).
- Законодательное Собрание Республики Карелия. Закон №871-ЗРК от 29 апреля 2005 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Республики Карелия», в ред. Закона №1895-ЗРK от 2 июня 2015 г. «О внесении изменения статью 9 Закона Республики Карелия "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Республики Карелия"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: газета "Карелия", №48, 7 мая 2005 г. (Legislative Assembly of the Republic of Karelia. Law #871-ZRK of April 29, 2005 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of the Republic of Karelia, as amended by the Law #1895-ZRK of June 2, 2015 On Amending Article 9 of the Law of the Republic of Karelia "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of the Republic of Karelia". Effective as of the official publication date.).
- Законодательное Собрание Республики Карелия. Закон №825-ЗРК от 1 декабря 2004 г. «О муниципальных районах в Республике Карелия», в ред. Закона №1694-ЗРK от 2 апреля 2013 г. «О преобразовании муниципальных образований "Нюхчинское сельское поселение" и "Сумпосадское сельское поселение" Беломорского муниципального района и внесении изменений в некоторые законодательные акты Республики Карелия». Вступил в силу по истечении десяти дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: газета "Карелия", №141, 16 декабря 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of the Republic of Karelia. Law #825-ZRK of December 1, 2004 On the Municipal Districts in the Republic of Karelia, as amended by the Law #1694-ZRK of April 2, 2013 On the Transformation of the Municipal Formations of "Nyukhchinskoye Rural Settlement" and "Sumposadskoye Rural Settlement" of Belomorsky Municipal District of the Republic of Karelia and on Amending Various Legislative Acts of the Republic of Karelia. Effective as of the day which is ten days after the day of the official publication.).
- Законодательное Собрание Республики Карелия. Закон №813-ЗРК от 1 ноября 2004 г. «О городских, сельских поселениях в Республике Карелия», в ред. Закона №1694-ЗРK от 2 апреля 2013 г. «О преобразовании муниципальных образований "Нюхчинское сельское поселение" и "Сумпосадское сельское поселение" Беломорского муниципального района и внесении изменений в некоторые законодательные акты Республики Карелия». Вступил в силу по истечении десяти дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: газета "Карелия", №124, 126, 129, 132, 135, 136, 139, 4 ноября — 9 декабря 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of the Republic of Karelia. Law #813-ZRK of November 1, 2004 On the Urban, Rural Settlements in the Republic of Karelia, as amended by the Law #1694-ZRK of April 2, 2013 On the Transformation of the Municipal Formations of "Nyukhchinskoye Rural Settlement" and "Sumposadskoye Rural Settlement" of Belomorsky Municipal District of the Republic of Karelia and on Amending Various Legislative Acts of the Republic of Karelia. Effective as of the day which is ten days after the day of the official publication.).