Thundarr the Barbarian is an American Saturday morning animated series, created by Steve Gerber (of Howard the Duck fame) and produced by Ruby-Spears Productions.[1] The series ran for two seasons on ABC from October 4, 1980, to October 31, 1981, and was rerun on NBC in 1983.[2]
| Thundarr the Barbarian | |
|---|---|
 1980 Thundarr the Barbarian promotional image Foreground from left to right Thundarr, Ariel, and Ookla | |
| Genre | |
| Created by | |
| Developed by | Steve Gerber |
| Written by |
|
| Directed by |
|
| Voices of | |
| Narrated by | Dick Tufeld |
| Composer | Dean Elliott |
| Country of origin | United States |
| No. of seasons | 2 |
| No. of episodes | 21 |
| Production | |
| Executive producers |
|
| Producer | Jerry Eisenberg |
| Production company | Ruby-Spears Productions |
| Original release | |
| Network | ABC |
| Release | October 4, 1980 – October 31, 1981 |
Plot
editThundarr the Barbarian is set in a future (c. 3994) post-apocalyptic wasteland of Earth divided into kingdoms and territories, the majority of which are ruled by wizards, and whose ruins typically feature recognizable geographical features from the United States, such as New York City, Los Angeles, Las Vegas, Seattle, the Badlands, Mount Rushmore, Denver, Atlanta, Boston, San Antonio and its Alamo, San Francisco, Washington, D.C., Cape Canaveral, and the Grand Canyon. Other episodes with recognizable settings are set outside the United States, and include Mexico and London. Another notable feature of this future Earth is that the Moon was broken in two pieces. The shattered moon and the ruins of the former human civilization were caused by the passage of a runaway planet between the Earth and the Moon in 1994, which, from scenes shown in the opening sequence, caused radical changes in the Earth's climate and geography. However, by the time period in which the series is set, the Earth and Moon seem to have settled into a new physical balance. Earth is reborn with a world of "savagery, super-science, and sorcery" far more chaotic than "Old Earth" (the show's name for the pre-apocalyptic world).
The hero Thundarr (voiced by Robert Ridgely), a muscular warrior, and companions Princess Ariel, a formidable young sorceress, and Ookla the Mok, a mighty lion-like biped, travel the world on horseback, fighting injustice. Their main adversaries are evil wizards who combine magical spells with reanimating technologies from the pre-catastrophe world.[3] Some of these malevolent wizards enlist the service of certain mutant species to do their bidding.
Other enemies include The Brotherhood of Night (a group of werewolves who could transform others into werewolves by their touch), the cosmic Stalker from The Stars (a predatory, malevolent cosmic vampire), and various other mutants. Intelligent humanoid-animal races include the rat-like Groundlings, the crocodile-like Carocs, and talking hawk-like mutants and pig-like mutants. New animals that existed include fire-shooting whales, a giant green snake with a grizzly bear's head, and mutated dragonflies and rabbits.
Thundarr's weapon is the Sunsword that projects a blade-like beam of energy when activated, and can be deactivated so that it is only a hilt. The Sunsword's energy blade can deflect other energy attacks as well as magical ones, can cut through nearly anything, and can disrupt magical spells and effects. The Sunsword is magically linked to Thundarr and as such, only he can use it; however, this link can be disrupted.[Note 1]
Characters
editThe series' narrator was Dick Tufeld.
- Thundarr (voiced by Robert Ridgely) is the main protagonist of the series. He is a barbarian who was once a slave to Sabian until he was freed by Princess Ariel and given the Sunsword which he uses as a weapon in his fight against evil wizards and other villains. Thundarr was known for frequently uttering such pronouncements as "Demon dogs!",[4] "Lords of Light!",[5] and his war-cry "Aaaaa-HEE!".[6] Thundarr, along with his friend Ookla, are largely unknowledgeable about the world so they rely on Ariel's guidance, but Thundarr is respectful of knowledge which is gained.
- Ookla the Mok (voiced by Henry Corden) is a member of the Mok species, a leonine humanoid with fangs and yellow eyes. In Thundarr the Barbarian's backstory, Ookla and Thundarr were enslaved in the court of the wizard Sabian until Sabian's stepdaughter Princess Ariel helped them escape. As a Mok, Ookla has great strength, he usually fights by ripping up a nearby sapling or ripping up a piece of wreckage and clubbing his enemies with it. On a few occasions, he uses a longbow that fires a type of paralyzing arrow. However, he is also the most likely of the heroes to charge right into an enemy attack and he is also easily enraged by unusual nuisances or threats. Moks dwell in their own territory, ruled by a king; they fear and hate water. While they prefer to face perilous odds on land rather than travel by water, in extreme cases, they can be persuaded to fight on water. While Ariel generally understands Ookla, Thundaar is more knowledgeable about Ookla, probably because they became friends and they also worked together during the time when they were enslaved. Whereas Thundarr and Ariel ride horses for transportation (his is white; hers is brown), Ookla's steed is another quadrupedal species which is called an equort.
- Princess Ariel (voiced by Nellie Bellflower) is a powerful sorceress. Not much was revealed about her past before she met Thundarr except that she was the stepdaughter of an evil wizard named Sabian. She learned of Earth's history from his library, and thus is considered the "academic" of the group.[7] In the episode "Battle of The Barbarians", it is revealed that Thundarr was once a slave of the evil wizard Sabian before being freed by Princess Ariel. It was never revealed exactly where she was a princess. Her most common feats of sorcery involved creating light constructs such as archways and bridges, exploding spheres and levitating weights to summoning nets, shields, or bridges over chasms.[7] She can also produce powerful energy blasts, blinding light and magically reanimate machines. When her wrists are bound together, she cannot work her magic, and she is vulnerable to capture. At times, she shows romantic feelings for Thundarr; but he never outwardly returns them, it is clear that he cares greatly for her and he also considers her an important team member. Ariel's attire consists of knee-high boots, wrist bracelets, and an open-backed, leg-baring cyan (with yellow trim) costume which resembles a bathing suit.
Additional voices
editThe series' voice director was Alan Dinehart.
- Henry Corden as Caroc Leader, Gemini, Vortak, Skullus, Captain Willows (in "Island of the Body Snatchers"), Mutant Deputy #2 (in "Trial by Terror")
- Nellie Bellflower as Dr. Craft, Manhat Dweller, Mina
- Michael Ansara as Vashtarr
- Marlene Aragon as Maya
- Liz Aubrey as Valerie Storm
- Michael Bell as Yondo
- Alan Dinehart
- Al Fann
- Joe Higgins as Korb
- Stacy Keach Sr.
- Keye Luke as Zevon, Infernus, Kublai
- Chuck McCann as Artemus, Mutant Deputy #1 (in "Trial by Terror")
- Nancy McKeon as Tye
- Julie McWhirter as Stryia
- Shepard Menken
- Alan Oppenheimer as Mindok, Morag, The Old Wizard
- Robert Ridgely as Henchman, Manhat Dweller, Old Eskimo
- Avery Schreiber as Octagon
- Hal Smith as Simius
- Joan Van Ark as Cinda, Queen Diona, Captain Corden
- Janet Waldo as Circe
- William Woodson as Crom
Production
editThe series was the creation of comic book writer Steve Gerber. Gerber and friend Martin Pasko were having dinner in the Westwood area one night during the time Gerber was developing the series. Gerber commented to Pasko that he had not yet decided upon a name for the wookiee-like character the network insisted be added to the series, over Gerber's objections. As the two walked past the gate to the UCLA campus, Pasko quipped, "Why not call him Oo-clah?"[8] Pasko later became one of several screenwriters also known for their work in comics, such as Roy Thomas and Gerry Conway, to contribute to the show.[citation needed] After writing several scripts, singly and in collaboration with Gerber, Pasko became a story editor on the second season. Other writers included Buzz Dixon and Mark Jones.[9]
Comic book writer-artist Jack Kirby worked on the production design for the show. The main characters were designed by fellow comic book writer-artist Alex Toth. Toth, however, was unavailable to continue working on the show, so most of the wizards and other villains and secondary characters that appear on the show were designed by Kirby. He was brought onto the show at the recommendation of Gerber and Mark Evanier.[10]
Twenty-one half-hour episodes were produced by Ruby-Spears Productions, an animation house formed by former Hanna-Barbera head writers Joe Ruby and Ken Spears,[11] and aired from October 1980 to October 1981 on the ABC network. Despite decent ratings, the show was cancelled, as Paramount wanted to make room in the programming schedule for Laverne & Shirley in the Army.[12][13] Reruns of Thundarr appeared on NBC's Saturday morning lineup in 1983.
Episodes
editSeason 1 (1980)
editAll episodes of season 1 were directed by Rudy Larriva and produced by Jerry Eisenberg.[14]
| No. overall | No. in season | Title | Location | Original air date | Prod. code [14] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 | "Secret of the Black Pearl" | New York City (Manhattan) | October 4, 1980 | 27-01 |
|
Thundarr, Princess Ariel, and Ookla escort a man who is carrying a magical black pearl that can defend against the two-faced wizard Gemini and his Groundlings (a race of mutated rat people). The man needs the pearl to protect the inhabitants of the village of "Manhat", which is actually the ruins of Manhattan. | |||||
| 2 | 2 | "Harvest of Doom" | Chichen Itza, Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico | October 11, 1980 | 27-02 |
|
Thundarr, Princess Ariel, and Ookla encounter a train carrying Death Flowers (whose pollen can hypnotise both humans and Moks) being transported by the Carocs (a race of crocodile people) to a wizard that they work for. The episode introduces Tye, a swamp-urchin, who agrees to aid Thundarr on the condition that he capture the train and give it to her. Tye would reappear in Season 2's "Last Train to Doomsday".[15] | |||||
| 3 | 3 | "Mindok the Mind Menace" | Cape Canaveral, Florida | October 18, 1980 | 27-04 |
|
The evil wizard Mindok lost his body in the Great Cataclysm, 2,000 years earlier, although his brain survived. He, General Zoa, and Zoa's minions seek out cryogenically frozen 20th-century scientists called "Ice People" in a plot to build Mindok a new body for his brain. | |||||
| 4 | 4 | "Raiders of the Abyss" | New York City[Note 2] | October 25, 1980 | 27-03 |
|
The evil wizard Morag and his raiders attack a cruise ship village to kidnap its inhabitants and steal their life essence. | |||||
| 5 | 5 | "Treasure of the Moks" | Norfolk, Virginia | November 1, 1980 | 27-05 |
|
Thundarr, Princess Ariel, and Ookla come to the aid of the Mok Chieftain Oblach against Captain Kordon, Queen of the River Pirates, who is after the Moks' hidden treasure and intends to use the "fire lances of the ancients" to get it. Thundarr learns that these "fire lances" are actually 20th century torpedoes. Thundarr and the Moks defend the ruins of a U.S. Navy base against being captured by the River Pirates, however Ookla must overcome something else beside the River Pirates, his longstanding fear of water. | |||||
| 6 | 6 | "Attack of the Amazon Women" | Mount Rushmore, South Dakota | November 8, 1980 | 27-07 |
|
Thundarr, Princess Ariel, and Ookla come to the aid of a race of amphibious Amazons led by the deposed Queen Diona who has been usurped by Stryia, an evil half-human, half-shark wizard-queen who plans to conquer both the land and seas with her shark legion army. | |||||
| 7 | 7 | "The Brotherhood of Night" | Washington, D.C. | November 15, 1980 | 27-06 |
|
Zevon is the leader of the Brotherhood of Night, a tribe of werewolves that can add anyone to their ranks by touching them and is also targeting the evil wizard Infernus hoping to make the pack completely invincible. | |||||
| 8 | 8 | "Challenge of the Wizards" | Las Vegas, Nevada | November 22, 1980 | 27-08 |
|
Thundarr, Princess Ariel, and Ookla are caught up in a battle between the wizards Sholow and contestants Basim, Skorpos and Chom who seek the Helmet of Power. Thundarr ends up having to side with the wizard Sholow when he threatens a group of villagers. | |||||
| 9 | 9 | "Valley of the Man-Apes" | San Fernando Valley, California | November 29, 1980 | 27-09 |
| 10 | 10 | "Stalker from the Stars" | Denver, Colorado | December 6, 1980 | 27-10 |
|
A spaceship containing an alien vampire lands on Earth. The alien captures Princess Ariel and all the villagers in the ruins of Lakeside Amusement Park hidden under the snow and ice of the Rockies as a source of its food. | |||||
| 11 | 11 | "Portal Into Time" | San Antonio, Texas | December 13, 1980 | 27-12 |
|
The evil wizard Crom threatens a tribe of humans at the Alamo. They can protect themselves by using a sophisticated Guardian machine that utilizes flying robot drones that can disable the wizard's laser tanks. However, it blows a circuit and cannot be replaced as circuits are no longer produced. Their only hope is to infiltrate Crom's lair in order to use his moon dial, which sends them to Old Earth. In the 20th century, Thundarr, Ookla and Ariel are aided by a little girl named Samantha, who helps them obtain a fresh circuit. The trio return to New Earth and prepare for battle with Crom, but are glad they had a chance to see the preapocalyptic world. | |||||
| 12 | 12 | "Battle of the Barbarians" | San Francisco, California | December 20, 1980 | 27-11 |
|
The evil wizard Kublai seeks the Golden Scepter of the Yantzee (the only item which can strip him of his magic) and terrorizes the villagers of San Francisco's Chinatown in the process. When Thundarr thwarts his initial attempts, the wizard recruits another barbarian named Zogar to engage him in battle while Kublai tries again to find the scepter. | |||||
| 13 | 13 | "Den of the Sleeping Demon" | Grand Canyon, Arizona | December 27, 1980 | 27-13 |
|
Judag is a bitter, escaped former slave of an evil wizard who plans to awaken a sleeping demon that allegedly can grant whoever wakes it the powers of 1,000 wizards. It is up to Thundarr to prevent Judag from accomplishing this mission. | |||||
Season 2 (1981)
editAll episodes of season 2 were directed by Rudy Larriva and John Kimball, with animation supervision by Milt Gray & Bill Reed.[14]
| No. overall | No. in season | Title | Location | Original air date | Prod. code [14] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14 | 1 | "Wizard Wars" | St. Louis, Missouri | September 12, 1981 | R20-001 |
|
The wizard Skullus and his soldiers are enslaving villagers living in a ruined oil refinery and using them to attack the fortress of his enemy, the equally evil wizard Octagon. | |||||
| 15 | 2 | "Fortress of Fear" | La Brea Tar Pits, Los Angeles, California | September 19, 1981 | R20-002 |
|
When coming to the aid of an escaped slave, Thundarr, Princess Ariel, and Ookla are captured by robots working for the multi-eyed wizard Lord Argoth who wants Ariel as his bride. | |||||
| 16 | 3 | "Island of the Body Snatchers" | London, England | September 26, 1981 | R20-003 |
|
The trio investigate a sector called the Mystery Zone where several ships get wrecked on an island. They learn the evil witch Circe is responsible as she needs a young sorceress to overcome a curse in which she will turn to stone if she leaves the island. When Ariel arrives with Thundarr and Ookla, Circe gets her opportunity as she switches bodies with her and becomes a threat to the others as she tries to leave the island. | |||||
| 17 | 4 | "City of Evil" | Boston, Massachusetts | October 3, 1981 | R20-004 |
|
After being defeated by Thundarr, the evil wizard Sarott finds a research lab that holds the miniaturized City of Thieves. Its ruler Vortak promises Sarott a free rein to use the city's advanced army to enslave humans and other wizards if he can restore it to normal size. To do so, he'll need the Gauntlet of Power which can boost his magic to enlarge the city. | |||||
| 18 | 5 | "Last Train to Doomsday" | Grand Canyon, Arogonda | October 10, 1981 | R20-005 |
|
Thundarr, Ookla, and Ariel are in pursuit of a mummy-like Janus after he and a race of hawk mutants attack villages and the train route of Tye (the former swamp urchin from "Harvest of Doom"). The group is in for a surprise when it turns out Janus is actually Gemini (the two-faced wizard from "Secret of the Black Pearl") in disguise seeking revenge on Thundarr. Tye, from "Harvest of Doom", returns as a train driving "businesswoman". | |||||
| 19 | 6 | "Master of the Stolen Sunsword" | Beverly Hills and Hollywood, California | October 17, 1981 | R20-006 |
|
During a battle with Yando (a supposed wizard with unusual magic), Thundarr is struck by red negative lightning which significantly diminishes the power of his Sunsword. The weapon can be restored at the nearby Pool of Power, but it is stolen by Yando who seeks to have the Sunsword's power for himself. | |||||
| 20 | 7 | "Trial by Terror" | Atlanta, Georgia | October 24, 1981 | R20-007 |
|
Thundarr's friend Thorac is accused of stealing a village's fuel and is about to receive a death sentence (by being boiled alive over a geyser) when the barbarian rescues him. Thorac is granted a reprieve when Thundarr and the group investigate the crime, eventually learning the town's sheriff Korb is in league with the evil wizard Artemus. Artemus had stolen the fuel to power his Death Ship and gain the approval of the Council of Wizards. | |||||
| 21 | 8 | "Prophecy of Peril" | Texases Peit, Texicana | October 31, 1981 | R20-008 |
|
Thundarr, Princess Ariel, and Ookla battle the evil wizard Vashtarr when he steals the Crystal of Prophecy that can give the details of his downfall. When it shatters in his efforts to retrieve it, the prophecy is foretold as they learn three women will unite to defeat him. One is Maya, an element-shifter buried in the ruins of the old city of Endorr. Another is Cinda, a hermitic barbarian living in the Canyon of Death whose staff grants her great strength. The last is Valerie Storm, a fashion model from Old Earth who is abducted and taken prisoner by Vashtarr himself. | |||||
Home media releases
editThe debut episode of Thundarr the Barbarian was released on DVD as part of Warner Home Video's Saturday Morning Cartoons: 1980s compilation series. The DVD set, containing episodes of ten other shows, was released on May 4, 2010.[16] It is now available for online download through Amazon.com.
On September 28, 2010, Warner Archive released Thundarr the Barbarian: The Complete Series to DVD in region 1[17] as part of their Hanna–Barbera Classics Collection. This is a Manufacture-on-Demand (MOD) release, available exclusively through Warner's online store and Amazon.com.[18] The DVD set is branded as part of the Hanna-Barbera Classics Collection[19] as Thundarr and the other 1978–91 Ruby-Spears programs were sold to Turner Broadcasting in 1991 alongside Hanna-Barbera by Great American Broadcasting.[citation needed] On April 6, 2021, Warner Archive also released Thundarr the Barbarian: The Complete Series on Blu-ray.[20] Unlike the DVD release, the Blu-ray release restored the Ruby-Spears Productions logo, but the Filmways logo was still removed for the first season (due to being copyrighted by Hanna-Barbera).
Influence
editIn a November 2017 interview with Revolver, Morbid Angel guitarist Trey Azagthoth stated that the band's new album, Kingdoms Disdained, is based on Thundarr the Barbarian,
"Thundarr the Barbarian [inspired the new album's title]...In the year 1994, a runaway planet hurdling between Moon and Earth unleashes cosmic destruction. Man's civilization is cast in ruin. 2,000 years later Earth is reborn. A strange new world arises from the old — a world of savagery, super science, and sorcery. But one man bursts his bonds to fight for justice with his companions — Ookla the Mok and Princess Ariel. He pits his strength, his courage and his fabulous Sun Sword against the forces of evil. He is "THUNDARR - THE BARBARIAN!!!"[21]
There is also a filk band from Buffalo, New York called Ookla the Mok.[22] The series was referenced and was involved in the plot of the third-season episode "One Watson, One Holmes" of the CBS television series Elementary.[23] In Fairlady #3, by Brian Schirmer and Claudia Balboni, the characters Dunkarr, the Barbarian, Ari and Oosk were inspired by the main characters in the series.[24]
Merchandise
editToys
editAction figures of the three main characters were released by Toynami in 2003.[12] A board game was released by Milton Bradley Company in 1982.[25]
Comics and books
editA Sunday strip illustrated by Jack Kirby was planned, but the project was canceled.[26][27] In 1982, a coloring book was published by Golden Books.[28] According to Mark Evanier, Whitman Comics had a Thundarr comic book project with scripts by John David Warner and art by Winslow Mortimer.[29]
In July 2024, it was announced Dynamite Entertainment picked up the license to do a Thundarr comic.[30]
See also
editNotes
edit- ^ The episode "Master of the Stolen Sunsword" details events where the Sunsword needs to be recharged, and viewers learn it becomes linked to whoever does the charging.
- ^ Ariel refers to the U.S. Badlands, but the ruins of New York City's Empire State Building and World Trade Center (Twin Towers) appear later in the background.
References
edit- ^ Woolery, George W. (1983). Children's Television: The First Thirty-Five Years, 1946-1981, Part 1: Animated Cartoon Series. Scarecrow Press. pp. 290–291. ISBN 0-8108-1557-5. Retrieved March 22, 2020.
- ^ Hyatt, Wesley (1997). The Encyclopedia of Daytime Television. Watson-Guptill Publications. p. 431. ISBN 978-0823083152. Retrieved March 22, 2020.
- ^ Erickson, Hal (2005). Television Cartoon Shows: An Illustrated Encyclopedia, 1949 Through 2003 (2nd ed.). McFarland & Co. pp. 845–846. ISBN 978-1476665993.
- ^ ""Demon dogs" sounds clip". Thundarr.com. Archived from the original on October 4, 2011.
- ^ ""Lords of Light" sound clip". Thundarr.com. Archived from the original on September 13, 2006.
- ^ ""Aaaaahh-ee" battle cry sound clip". Thundarr.com. Archived from the original on September 10, 2006.
- ^ a b Episode 1.01, "Secret of the Black Pearl"
- ^ Eury, Michael (2006). The Krypton Companion. TwoMorrows Publishing. p. 158. ISBN 1-893905-61-6.
We passed one of the entrances to the UCLA campus and when I saw the acronym on signage, the phonetic pronunciation leapt to mind.
- ^ Terrace, Vincent (1985). Encyclopedia of Television Series, Pilots and Specials: 1974–1984. New York: New York Zoetrope. p. 419. ISBN 0-918432-61-8.
- ^ Ro, Ronin (2005). Tales to Astonish: Jack Kirby, Stan Lee, and the American Comic Book Revolution. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 209–210. ISBN 9781582345666.
- ^ "Thundarr The Barbarian – Joe Ruby & Ken Spears Interview". Thundarr.com. Archived from the original on April 5, 2002. Retrieved August 1, 2012.
- ^ a b Mark Evanier (March 5, 2003). "Live by the Sword". News from Me. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
- ^ Mark Evanier (September 15, 2018). "Barbaric Corrections". newsfromme.com. Retrieved September 15, 2018.
- ^ a b c d "Public Catalog - Copyright Catalog (1978 to present) - Basic Search [search: "Thundarr the Barbarian"]". United States Copyright Office. Retrieved March 28, 2017.
- ^ "Thundarr The Barbarian – Episode Guide". Thundarr.com. Archived from the original on July 1, 2012. Retrieved August 1, 2012.
- ^ Corey, Joe (May 7, 2010). "Saturday Morning Cartoons: 1980s, Vol. 1 – DVD Review".
- ^ "Thundarr the Barbarian - The Complete Series". TV Shows on DVD. September 28, 2010. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
- ^ Lambert, David (September 21, 2010). "Thundarr the Barbarian – 4-DVD Release of 'The Complete Series' Available Next Week...But Online Only". TVShowsOnDVD.com. Archived from the original on December 24, 2011. Retrieved September 21, 2012.
- ^ Shostak, Stu (January 16, 2013). "Interview with Joe Ruby and Ken Spears". Stu's Show. Retrieved 2013-03-18.
- ^ Anderson, Kyle (May 3, 2021). "The '80s Cartoon Glory of THUNDARR THE BARBARIAN". Nerdist Industries. Retrieved July 16, 2021.
- ^ "Thundarr the Barbarian (1980–1981)". imdb.com. Retrieved February 15, 2024.
- ^ "Rand Bellavia, Montante Family Library Director, Reflects on Other Gig, Ookla the Mok | D'Youville". dyc.edu. October 6, 2017. Archived from the original on May 24, 2022. Retrieved March 20, 2022.
- ^ "Elementary Recap - Hacker Conspiracy Theories: Season 3 Episode 18 "One Watson, One Holmes"". April 9, 2015.
- ^ Parkin, JK (June 26, 2019). "'Fairlady' pays tribute to a classic 80s cartoon". Smash Pages. Retrieved May 28, 2020.
- ^ "Thundarr the Barbarian". BoardGameGeek. Retrieved May 28, 2020.
- ^ Morrow, John A. (2008). Kirby Five-Oh!: Celebrating 50 Years of the "King" of Comics. TwoMorrows Publishing. ISBN 978-1-893905-89-4.
- ^ Morrow, John (June 5, 2018). Jack Kirby Collector #74. TwoMorrows Publishing.
- ^ "Thundarr The Barbarian - Merchandise". Thundarr.com. February 14, 2007. Archived from the original on February 14, 2007. Retrieved May 28, 2020.
- ^ "Thundarr on TV and Almost in Comics". Newsfromme.com. Retrieved March 20, 2022.
- ^ "'DuckTales' and 'Thundarr' Join Dynamite Lineup as 'The Boys' Publisher Celebrates 20 Years". Forbes.