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Mary Lou Jepsen

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Mary Lou Jepsen (born 1965)[1][2] is a technical executive and inventor in the fields of display, imaging, and computer hardware. She was the co-founder and first chief technology officer of One Laptop per Child (OLPC), and later founded Pixel Qi in Taipei, Taiwan, focused on the design and manufacture of displays. She founded and led two moonshots at Google X, and was an executive at Facebook / Oculus VR,[3] leading an effort to advance virtual reality.

Mary Lou Jepsen
Jepsen in 2022
Born (1965-04-05) April 5, 1965 (age 59)
Windsor, Connecticut
NationalityAmerican
Alma materBrown University
OccupationTechnology Pioneer
Known forCo-founder, One Laptop Per Child
WebsiteMaryLouJepsen.com

Her contributions have had adoption in head-mounted displays, HDTV, laptop computers, and projector products. She contributed to low-cost computing and innovative consumer and medical imaging technologies. Time magazine named her in their list of the hundred most influential scientists and thinkers in the world (The 2008 Time 100).[1] CNN named her as one of their 2013 top 10 thinkers in science and technology for her work in display innovation.[4] She has over 200 patents published or issued.

In 2016 she founded OpenWater,[5] a startup working on fMRI-type imaging of the body using holographic, infrared techniques.[6]

Early life and education

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Jepsen studied Studio Art and Electrical Engineering at Brown University. She received a Master of Science in Holography from the MIT Media Lab, and then returned to Brown to receive a Ph.D. in Optical Sciences.[7]

Career

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Her PhD work combined theoretical coupled-wave analysis with lab work, in which she created large-scale, embossed surface-relief diffraction gratings with liquid crystal-filled grooves with high diffraction efficiency in un-polarized illumination.[8]

She has created some of the largest ambient displays ever. In Cologne, Germany she built a holographic replica of pre-existing buildings in the city's historic district and created a holographic display encompassing a city block.[9] She also demonstrated that it was technically feasible – but agreed it was culturally unacceptable – to project TV images on the Moon's surface.[10]

From 2003 until the end of 2004, she was the chief technology officer of Intel’s Display Division.[11] In 2016 she joined the board of directors of Lear Corporation, a leading maker of automotive electronics and seating.[12]

MIT Media Lab and OLPC

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In 2005 Jepsen joined the faculty of the MIT Media Lab as a professor with a tenure-track position. Here she started the Nomadic Displays Group, and co-created the first holographic video system in the world in 1989, where the interference structure of the hologram was computed at video rates, and shown on her hand-made display.[13] This system inspired a new subfield of holographic video and received numerous awards.[14]

Working with Nicholas Negroponte, she simultaneously co-founded One Laptop per Child, a $100 computer, the lowest-power laptop ever made. As of 2013, millions of units have shipped to children in the developing world and revenues are beyond the billion dollar mark. There are deployments in over 50 countries and in more than 25 different languages.[15][16] For the entire first year of the effort (2005) she was the only employee of One Laptop per Child [OLPC]. By the end of 2005, she had completed the initial architecture, led the development of the first prototype, and signed up some of the world's largest manufacturers to produce the XO-1. By the end of 2007 she had led the laptop through development and into high volume mass production. At OLPC, Jepsen invented the laptop's sunlight-readable display technology and co-invented its ultra-low power management system, and transformed these inventions into high volume mass production.[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]

Pixel Qi

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Main article: Pixel Qi

In 2008, Jepsen started a for-profit company, Pixel Qi, to commercialize some of the technologies she invented at OLPC.[26] The firm's business was based on the concept that the screen is the most critical component of any mobile device.[27][28] It aimed to deliver high performance, low-power, sunlight-readable screens for mobile devices. The long-term vision of Pixel Qi was to create devices that never needed to be recharged by lowering the power consumption and using alternative power generation and battery technologies. Its screens became available in a few dozen[which?] commercial and specialized products with sunlight readability, and reduced screen power consumption (which typically accounts for about 90% of the power draw in a tablet, and 70% of the power draw on a standard cell phone.[29]

Google X and virtual reality

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Jepsen joined Google X in 2013. She advised and directed display and consumer electronic programs throughout Google.[30] The Wall Street Journal reported that among her projects there she created Google Lego TV: displays composed of smaller screens that plug together like Legos to create vast, seamless images and "live walls" for wall size interaction, television, video conferencing and gaming, to virtual reality without having to wear anything on your face or body.[31] She was also one of the first contributors in Google's "Solve for X" projects with her idea of "Imaging the Mind's Eye".[32]

In February 2015, she joined Facebook as an executive for virtual reality.[3]

Openwater

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In 2016, she left Facebook and founded Openwater, a firm aiming to use infrared holography to make fMRI-type imaging inside the body practical, at the price level of consumer electronics and in wearable form factors.[6][33] She gave a talk at 2018 TED on the technology behind the Openwater approach.[34] At the IGNITION 2018 Conference, Jepsen further discussed the resolution progression of Openwater's MRI machines and the potential for the technology to make advancements in telepathy by allowing users to transmit thoughts and feelings electronically.[35]

In a 2020 online call, Mary Lou mentioned that openwater devices are actively in the rapid prototyping phase with alpha kits expected August 2020. The Openwater website stated in 2020: "We are starting hospital studies on humans for use as a stroke detector at the end of 2020."[36][37]

As of 2020, the final devices were slated to come out sometime in 2021, but this has been revised to 2024 in an FAQ written in January 2024.[38]

In an open "Founder's Letter" in January 2024,[39] Dr. Mary Lou Jepsen announced having raised "$54 million in the past several months" to create an AGPL-licensed open source platform for enabling other organisations to slash the cost of disease treatment.

Awards and recognitions

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She has also received numerous awards for the work she did at One Laptop per Child and has been named to many other "top" lists in computing by Fast Company, New York Times, IEEE Spectrum and others.

  • Technology Pioneers 2019 (world economic fourm)[50]

Personal life

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Jepsen is married to John Patrick Conor Ryan, formerly a partner at Monitor Group. In 1995, she suffered from a pituitary gland tumor and had it removed and thus suffers from panhypopituitarism, requiring a twice-daily regimen of hormone replacement;[51] her personal description of this and the ongoing challenges she faces was published in the New York Times.[52]

References

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  1. ^ a b c Kahle, Brewster (May 12, 2008). "The 2008 TIME 100: Scientists & Thinkers - Mary Lou Jepsen". TIME.com. Archived from the original on May 3, 2008. Retrieved October 5, 2014. Jepsen, 43
  2. ^ Jepsen, Mary Lou (November 23, 2013). "Bringing Back My Real Self With Hormones". The New York Times. 1978, when I was 13
  3. ^ a b "Oculus Has Hired Mary Lou Jepsen Away From Google X". March 2, 2015.
  4. ^ a b "The CNN 10: Thinkers". CNN. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
  5. ^ Open Water. "OpenWater".
  6. ^ a b "Mary Lou Jepsen on Life Post-Facebook and New Startup,"Open Water"". May 6, 2016. Retrieved April 13, 2017.
  7. ^ "Historical Facts about Women in Computing: Mary Lou Jepsen". cssu-bg.org. Archived from the original on December 13, 2012.
  8. ^ Jepsen, Mary Lou (1997). "Liquid crystal filled diffraction gratings". Adsabs.harvard.edu: 3125. Bibcode:1997PhDT........11J. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  9. ^ "OPTICAL TRANSFER OF MASTER HOLOGRAM WITH 20 METER DEPTH" (PDF). www.holonet.khm.de. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 18, 2011.
  10. ^ "Full transcript: Mary Lou Jepsen on Too Embarrassed to Ask, live at SXSW". March 30, 2017.
  11. ^ "Mary Lou Jepsen: Laptops for All". IEEE. February 2007. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
  12. ^ "Dr. Mary Lou Jepsen". Lear Corporation. Retrieved July 2, 2023.
  13. ^ DSpace@MIT: Holographic video : design and implementation of a display system (Thesis). Dspace.mit.edu. 1989. hdl:1721.1/14173.
  14. ^ "Holography Pioneer Stephen A. Benton". MIT Video. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
  15. ^ "OLPC Deployments as of October 2011 – Google Maps". Google Maps. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
  16. ^ "OLPC research". Laptop.org. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
  17. ^ Ryan, John (January 17, 2008). "A Conversation with Mary Lou Jepsen". ACM Queue. 5 (7). ACM. Retrieved August 22, 2018.
  18. ^ "NPR piece on Hundred-dollar laptop in early 2006". NPR.org. March 20, 2006. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
  19. ^ "8 minute interview with Jepsen at WSIS, Tunis, November 2005". Ixdlab.com. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
  20. ^ "6 minute video with Jepsen describing green features of the XO Laptop, 1 February 2008". Link.brightcove.com. Retrieved October 5, 2014.[permanent dead link]
  21. ^ "The Grill: Pixel Qi's Mary Lou Jepsen on OLPC and the future of display technology". January 19, 2009. Archived from the original on February 27, 2009. Retrieved April 13, 2017.
  22. ^ "Groklaw interview with Mary Lou Jepsen". Groklaw.net. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
  23. ^ "Newsweek story on Jepsen". Newsweek.com. March 2008. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
  24. ^ "IEEE-USA InSight - Career & Policy Articles for Engineers and Tech Pros". www.todaysengineer.org. Archived from the original on October 2, 2006.
  25. ^ Markoff, John (November 30, 2006). "Article on OLPC laptop featuring Jepsen's contributions". The New York Times. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
  26. ^ "OLPC CTO Mary Lou Jepsen quits nonprofit effort". December 31, 2007. Archived from the original on January 4, 2008. Retrieved April 13, 2017.
  27. ^ "Pixel Qi eyes Taiwan". Digitimes.com. July 10, 2008. Retrieved October 5, 2014. (subscription required)
  28. ^ "Mary Lou Jepsen CEO/CTO". Pixel Qi. Archived from the original on January 6, 2008. Retrieved July 2, 2023.
  29. ^ "Pixel Qi – Our Technology". Pixel Qi. Archived from the original on September 6, 2018. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
  30. ^ Winkler, Rolfe; Barr, Alistair (October 3, 2014). "Google Working on Large-Scale Video Displays". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved August 22, 2018.
  31. ^ "Google Is Inventing Screens That Snap Together Like Lego". October 6, 2014.
  32. ^ Nasir, Farhat. "Google X? Google Launches "Solve for X" For Discussing Radical Ideas to Solve World Problems". Hitechanalogy. Archived from the original on November 19, 2013. Retrieved December 16, 2014.
  33. ^ "TED 2018: Thought-Reading Machines and the Death of Love". WIRED. Retrieved July 29, 2018.
  34. ^ Jepsen, Mary Lou (August 24, 2018). "TED2018 talk". TED.com. TED. Retrieved August 25, 2018.
  35. ^ "Former Facebook exec Mary Lou Jepsen said her new company will make telepathy possible. But first, it's going to upend the medical-imaging industry". BusinessInsider.com. Retrieved February 7, 2019.
  36. ^ "Technology | OPENWATER | San Francisco".
  37. ^ Mary Lou Jepsen + Early Disease Detection and BCI. YouTube. Archived from the original on December 11, 2021.
  38. ^ "OpenWater FAQ". openwater.health. Archived from the original on January 16, 2024. Retrieved January 29, 2024.
  39. ^ "OpenWater Founder's Letter". Archived from the original on January 29, 2024. Retrieved January 29, 2024.
  40. ^ "Open Magazine, Fall / Winter 2008, Athabasca University". Athabasca University. November 13, 2008. Retrieved August 25, 2018.
  41. ^ "Brown confers nine honorary degrees". Brown University. May 25, 2014. Retrieved May 27, 2014.
  42. ^ "Edwin H. Land Medal". Osa.org. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
  43. ^ "2012 Fellows – Awards & Grants – The Optical Society". Osa.org. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
  44. ^ "Profiles of Technical Women: Famous Women in Computer Science". Archived from the original on March 8, 2013. Retrieved April 13, 2017.
  45. ^ "BEAM Award Winners". Brown.edu. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
  46. ^ "Horace Mann Medal". Brown.edu. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
  47. ^ "ABIE award". Anita Borg Institute. February 2, 2017. Retrieved September 5, 2018.
  48. ^ "Mary Lou Jepsen - AnitaB.org". February 2, 2017. Archived from the original on August 7, 2017. Retrieved August 7, 2017.
  49. ^ "Mary Lou Jepsen". Forbes.
  50. ^ "Openwater — Technology Pioneers 2019".
  51. ^ "Mary Lou Jepsen - Inspiring". February 12, 2007. Retrieved July 2, 2023.
  52. ^ Jepsen, Mary Lou (November 23, 2013). "Bringing Back My Real Self With Hormones". The New York Times. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
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