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Orders, decorations, and medals of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia

(Redirected from Order of the Brotherhood and Unity)

Orders, decorations, and medals of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia were created during the Second World War and used throughout the existence of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (called Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia until 1963). The first decorations were created by AVNOJ on August 15, 1943 and included the Order of the People's Hero, Order of the People's Liberation, Order of the Partisan Star, Order of the Brotherhood and Unity, Order for Bravery and Medal for Bravery.[1] By 1960 the total number of decorations increased to 42 and consisted of 35 orders, 6 medals and 1 commemorative medal. The designers of the Yugoslav orders and medals were Antun Augustinčić and Đorđe Andrejević Kun.

Decorations of the SFRY: Order of Brotherhood and Unity, Order of the People's Hero, Order of Military Merit, Medal of Labor, Medal of Bravery and Memorial Medal of the Partisans of 1941.

The Law on Decorations of 1945 introduced two new orders (Order of Freedom, Order of Merits for the People) and one new medal (Medal for Merits for the People) and assigned the order of precedence of all orders and medals.[2] The Law was amended in 1946, when the Commemorative medal of Partisans of 1941 was removed and no long considered a decoration.[3] New decorations were introduced in 1947 (Order of the Yugoslav Flag),[4] 1948 (Order of the Hero of Socialist Labour),[5] 1951 (Order of the War Banner, Order of the People's Army, Order of Military Merits, Medal for Military Merits, Medal for Military Virtues),[6] 1954 (Order of the Yugoslav Star),[7] 1955 (Medal for Merits),[8] and 1960 (Order of the Republic).[9] In 1961, the Law was amended again, so that names of many lower class orders was changed, and the order of precedence was slightly changed.[10] In 1973, new Law on Decorations was adopted. It kept all the previous decorations, but the order of precedence was abolished.[11]

Before 1955, no distinction was made between the civil and military decorations. The Law on Decorations of 1955 made this distinction for the first time[8] and it was kept until the Law of 1973 when this distinction was abolished.[11] Between 1955 and 1973, the orders of Freedom, People's Hero, War Banner, Partisan Star, People's Army, Military Merits, and Bravery, and the medals for Bravery, Military Merits and Military Virtues were considered military decorations, while all others were considered civil decorations.[12]

The original decorations are kept at the World Intellectual Property Organization.[citation needed] The Yugoslav government requested that the decorations be given the status of "official sign" as opposed to other countries and states where the status of official control and warranty is reserved only for the national seal. With the dissolution of Yugoslavia the decorations stopped being awarded but continue to be protected by Article 6 of the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property.[citation needed]

In 1998, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (also known as Serbia and Montenegro) adopted new Law on Decorations that kept most of the decorations of the Socialist Yugoslavia, with some additions.[13][14]

Orders

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Order Ribbon bar Date of establishment[15] Rank overall

(1945)[2]

Rank overall

(1955)[8]

Rank overall

(1960)[16][9]

Rank overall

(1961[10][12])

Number awarded

(until the end of 1985)[17]

1. Order of the Yugoslav Star
  • Order of the Yugoslav Great Star
  
1 February 1954[7]
—
1
1
1
127
  • Order of the Yugoslav Star with Sash (Before 1961: Order of the Yugoslav Star 1st class)
  
—
6
6
6
159
  • Order of the Yugoslav Star with Golden Wreath (Before 1961: Order of the Yugoslav Star 2nd class)
  
—
15
16
14
320
  • Order of the Yugoslav Star on Cravat (Before 1961: Order of the Yugoslav Star 3rd class)
  
—
24
26
24
322
2. Order of Freedom  
9 June 1945[2]
2
2
2
2
7
3. Order of the People's Hero  
15 August 1943[1]
1
3
3
3
1,322
4. Order of the Hero of Socialist Labour  
1 December 1948[5]
—
4
4
4
121
5. Order of the People's Liberation  
15 August 1943[1]
4
5
5
5
335[18]
6. Order of the War Banner  
29 December 1951
—
7
7
7
209
7. Order of the Yugoslav Flag
  • Order of the Yugoslav Flag with Sash (Before 1961: Order of the Yugoslav Flag, 1st class)
  
26 November 1947[4]
—
8
8
8
1,321
  • Order of the Yugoslav Flag with Golden Wreath (Before 1961: Order of the Yugoslav Flag, 2nd class)
  
—
16
17
19
1,433
  • Order of the Yugoslav Flag with Golden Star on Cravat (Before 1961: Order of the Yugoslav Flag, 3rd class)
  
—
25
27
28
1,300
  • Order of the Yugoslav Flag with Golden Star (Before 1961: Order of the Yugoslav Flag, 4th class)
  
—
30
33
32
955
  • Order of the Yugoslav Flag with Silver Star (Before 1961: Order of the Yugoslav Flag, 5th class)
  
—
32
35
35
769
8. Order of the Partisan Star
  • Order of the Partisan Star with Golden Wreath (Before 1961: Order of the Partisan Star, 1st class)
  
15 August 1943[1]
3
9
9
9
627
  • Order of the Partisan Star with Silver Wreath (Before 1961: Order of the Partisan Star, 2nd class)
  
7
17
18
17
1,531
  • Order of Partisan Star with Rifles (Before 1961: Order of the Partisan Star, 3rd class)
  
10
26
28
29
10,384
9. Order of the Republic
  • Order of the Republic with Golden Wreath (Before 1961: Order of the Republic, 1st class)
  
2 July 1960[9]
—
—
13
10
1,150
  • Order of the Republic with Silver Wreath (Before 1961: Order of the Republic, 2nd class)
  
—
—
22
18
6,310
  • Order of the Republic with Bronze Wreath (Before 1961: Order of the Republic, 3rd class)
  
—
—
31
27
121,088
10. Order of Merits for the People
  • Order of Merits for the People with Golden Star (Before 1961: Order of Merits for the People, 1st class)
  
9 June 1945[2]
5
10
10
11
4,688
  • Order of Merits for the People with Silver Rays (Before 1961: Order of Merits for the People, 2nd class)
  
8
18
19
20
39,534
  • Order of Merits for the People with Silver Star (Before 1961: Order of Merits for the People, 3rd class)
  
13
27
29
30
282,864
11. Order of Brotherhood and Unity
  • Order of Brotherhood and Unity with Golden Wreath (1943-1945: Order of Brotherhood and Unity; 1945-1961: Order of Brotherhood and Unity, 1st class)
  
15 August 1943[1]
6
13
11
12
3,870
  • Order of Brotherhood and Unity with Silver Wreath (Before 1961: Order of Brotherhood and Unity, 2nd class)
  
9 June 1945[2]
9
21
20
21
55,675
12. Order of the People's Army
  • Order of the People's Army with Laurer Wreath (Before 1961: Order of the People's Army, 1st class)
  
29 December 1951
—
12
12
13
536
  • Order of the People's Army with Golden Star (Before 1961: Order of the People's Army, 2nd class)
  
—
20
21
22
9,137
  • Order of the People's Army with Silver Star (Before 1961: Order of the People's Army, 3rd class)
  
—
29
30
31
45,384
13. Order of Labour
  • Order of Labor with Red Banner (Before 1961: Order of Labor, 1st class)
  
1 May 1945[19]
12
11
14
15
7,096
  • Order of Labour with Golden Wreath (Before 1961: Order of Labor, 2nd class)
  
14
19
23
25
36,000
  • Order of Labour with Silver Wreath (Before 1961: Order of Labor, 3rd class)
  
15
28
32
33
182,910
14. Order of Military Merits
  • Order of Military Merits with Great Star (Before 1961: Order of Military Merits, 1st class)
  
29 December 1951
—
14
15
16
2,609
  • Order of Military Merits with Golden Swords (Before 1961: Order of Military Merits, 2nd class)
  
—
22
24
26
24,141
  • Order of Military Merits with Silver Swords (Before 1961: Order of Military Merits, 3rd class)
  
—
31
34
34
94,684
15. Order of Bravery  
15 August 1943[1]
11
23
25
23
more than 120,000

Medals

edit
Rank Medal Ribbon bar Date of establishment Number awarded

(until the end of 1985)[17]

1 Medal for Bravery
 
15 August 1943[1]
205,590
2 Medal for Merits for the People
 
9 June 1945[2]
430,666
3 Medal of Labour
 
1 May 1945[19]
133,233
4 Medal for Military Merits
 
29 December 1951
87,699
5 Medal for Military Virtues
 
29 December 1951
115,589
6 Medal for Merits
 
14 November 1955
845

Commemorative medal

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Commemorative medal Ribbon bar Date of establishment Number awarded[17]
Commemorative Medal of the Partisans of 1941
 
14 September 1944
27,629

Instituted on 14 September 1944 for award to those actively involved in partisan or political units between 1941 and the end of WW2. At first, the Commemorative medal of the partisans of 1941 was considered to be the lowest of rank among the orders, but later lost that status to be considered outside of the before mentioned group and listed below medals.

Other medals

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Medal Ribbon bar Date of establishment[15] Number awarded[17]
"Death to fascism, freedom to the people" Medal  
1965
7,960
"10 Years of Yugoslav Army" Medal  
1951
"20 Years of Yugoslav People's Army" Medal  
1961
"30 Years of Yugoslav People's Army" Medal  
1971
"30 Years of Victory over Fascism" Medal  
1975
"40 Years of Yugoslav People's Army" Medal  
1981
"50 Years of Yugoslav People's Army" Medal  
1991
Distinguished Marksman Medal  
1953
Medal for the participants of President Tito's Visit to India and Burma of 1954–1955  
1955
1,200
Medals of the Association of Yugoslav Fighters in the International Brigades in Spain (two medals awarded together)  
1956
250 each
  •  
    Medal of Yugoslav Fighters in the International Brigades in Spain, 1956.
  •  
    Medal of Yugoslav Fighters in the International Brigades in Spain, 1956.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g ЗБОРНИК ДОКУMEHATA И ПОДАТАКА О НАРОДНООСЛОБОДИЛAЧKOM PATУ ЈУГОСЛОВЕНСКИХ НАРОДА (PDF). Vol. II. Belgrade: Vojno-istoriski institut Jugoslovenske armije. 1949. pp. 299–300.
  2. ^ a b c d e f "ЗАКОН О ОРДЕНИМА И МЕДАЉАМА". Borba: 2. 11 June 1945. The text of the Law contains an error, as it also lists non-existing "Order of Brotherhood and Unity 3rd class". The error was acknowledged in the Issue No. 41 of the Official Gazette (Službeni list DFJ, no. 41/1945, page 364)
  3. ^ "ЗАКОН ЗА ПОТВРДА И ИЗМЕНИ НА ЗАКОНОТ ЗА ОРДЕНИТЕ И МЕДАЛИТЕ НА ДЕМОКРАТСКА ФЕДЕРАТИВНА ЈУГОСЛАВИЈА" (PDF). Službeni list FNRJ (in Macedonian). II (88): 1102–1103. 1 November 1946.
  4. ^ a b "ЗАКОН О ИЗМЕНИ И ДОПУНИ ЗАКОНА О ОРДЕНИМА, И МЕДАЉАМА ФЕДЕРАТИЕНЕ НАРОДНЕ РЕПУБЛИКЕ ЈУГОСЛАВИЈЕ" (PDF). Službeni list FNRJ (in Serbo-Croatian). III (101): 1406. 26 November 1947.
  5. ^ a b "ЗАКОН О ОРДЕНУ ЈУНАКА СОЦИЈАЛИСТИЧКОГ РАДА" (PDF). Službeni list FNRJ (in Serbo-Croatian). IV (106): 1737. 8 December 1948.
  6. ^ "ЗАКОН ЗА ДОПОЛНУВАЊЕ НА ЗАКОНОТ ЗА ОРДЕН ИТЕ И МЕДАЛИТЕ НА ФЕДЕРАТИВНА НАРОДНА РЕПУБЛИКА ЈУГОСЛАВИЈА" (PDF). Službeni list FNRJ (in Macedonian). VIII (1): 7. 1 January 1952.
  7. ^ a b "ОДЛУКА ЗА УСТАНОВУВАЊЕ ОРДЕН ЈУГОСЛОВЕНСКА ЅВЕЗДА" (PDF). Službeni list FNRJ (in Macedonian). X (6): 157. 10 February 1954.
  8. ^ a b c "ЗАКОН ЗА ОДЛИКУВАЊАТА" (PDF). Službeni list FNRJ (in Macedonian). XI (55): 821–824. 14 December 1955.
  9. ^ a b c "ЗАКОН ЗА ИЗМЕНИ И ДОПОЛНЕНИЈА НА ЗАКОНОТ ЗА ОДЛИКУВАЊАТА" (PDF). Službeni list FNRJ (in Macedonian). XVI (27): 564. 6 July 1960.
  10. ^ a b "ЗАКОН О ИЗМЕНАМА И ДОПУНАМА ЗАКОНА О ОДЛИКОВАЊИМА" (PDF). Službeni list FNRJ (in Serbo-Croatian). ХVII (10): 239–242. 15 March 1961.
  11. ^ a b "ЗАКОН ЗА ОДЛИКУВАЊАТА НА СОЦИЈАЛИСТИЧКА ФЕДЕРАТИВНА РЕПУБЛИКА ЈУГОСЛАВИЈА" (PDF). Službeni list SFRJ (in Macedonian). XXIX (40): 1224–1228. 19 July 1973.
  12. ^ a b "ЗАКОН ЗА ОДЛИКУВАЊАТА (Пречистен текст)" (PDF). Službeni list SFRJ (in Macedonian). XX (18): 354–358. 29 April 1964.
  13. ^ "Одличја у духу традиције". Borba. 76 (331): 3. 27 November 1998.
  14. ^ "Уведено и ордење југословенских великана". Borba. LXXVI (339–340): 7. 5 December 1998.
  15. ^ a b Sammler.ru [not specific enough to verify]
  16. ^ "УВОДИ СЕ НОВО ОДЛИКОВАЊЕ - ОРДЕН РЕПУБЛИКЕ". Borba: 2. 26 June 1960.
  17. ^ a b c d ОДЛИКОВАЊА из легата историјског архива Београда (PDF) (in Serbian). Belgrade: Istorijski arhiv. 2015. ISBN 978-86-80481-35-7.
  18. ^ Vojni leksikon. Beograd: Vojnoizdavački zavod. 1981. p. 349.
  19. ^ a b "УРЕДБА ПРЕТСЕДНИШТВА АВНОЈ-А О УВОЂЕЊУ ОРДЕНА РАДА". Borba: 2. 1 May 1945.
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