Ossian Bingley Hart (January 17, 1821 – March 18, 1874) was the 10th Governor of Florida from 1873 to 1874, and the first governor of Florida who was born in the state.
Ossian Bingley Hart | |
|---|---|
 | |
| 10th Governor of Florida | |
| In office January 7, 1873 – March 18, 1874 | |
| Lieutenant | Marcellus Stearns |
| Preceded by | Harrison Reed |
| Succeeded by | Marcellus Stearns |
| Justice of the Supreme Court of Florida | |
| In office 1868–1873 | |
| Preceded by | Inaugural |
| Succeeded by | Franklin D. Fraser |
| Member of the Florida House of Representatives | |
| In office 1845 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | January 17, 1821 Jacksonville, Florida, U.S. |
| Died | March 18, 1874 (aged 53) Jacksonville, Florida, U.S. |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse |
Catherine Smith Campbell
(m. 1843) |
| Parent | Isaiah Hart |
| Signature |  |
Early life and career
editBorn in Jacksonville to Isaiah Hart, one of the city's founders, he was raised on his father's plantation along the St. Johns River. He was a lawyer in Jacksonville. He moved to a farm near Fort Pierce, Florida in 1843, and was a founding member of the St. Lucie County Board of Commissioners.[1] In 1845, Hart became Florida State Representative for St. Lucie County. In 1846 he moved to Key West where he resumed his law practice. In 1856, he moved to Tampa, Florida. Among his clients was "Adam", a black man who was lynched after the Florida Supreme Court declared his murder conviction a mistrial.[2]: 269
Despite his upbringing, Hart became a Republican and openly opposed secession from the United States, causing some difficult times for him during the American Civil War. Following the war, he helped reestablish the governments of the state and of the city of Jacksonville. In 1868, he was appointed a justice of the Florida Supreme Court. In 1870, he ran unsuccessfully for U.S. Congress, only to be elected governor two years later on November 5, 1872. He appointed Jonathan Clarkson Gibbs as Florida's first African-American Superintendent of Public Instruction. During his tenure, "limited civil rights legislation was passed, and some improvements were made in the state's weakened finances."[3] Weakened by the campaign, he fell ill with pneumonia and died in Jacksonville. He was succeeded by lieutenant governor Marcellus Stearns, Florida's last Republican governor until 1967.
Personal life
editHe married his wife Catherine Smith Campbell, a resident of Newark, New Jersey, on October 3, 1843.[4][5]
References
edit- ^ Shofner, Jerrell H., History of Brevard County volume 1
- ^ Allman, T. D. (2013). Finding Florida. The True History of the Sunshine State. Atlantic Monthly Press. ISBN 9780802120762.
- ^ "Ossian Bingley Hart". myflorida.com (Florida Department of State). Retrieved April 20, 2018.
- ^ "Historical Monument Trail : Visit : Friends of the Riverwalk". thetampariverwalk.com. Retrieved January 30, 2024.
- ^ "Ossian B. Hart Correspondence and Documents". original-ufdc.uflib.ufl.edu. Retrieved January 30, 2024.
Further reading
edit- Official Governor's portrait and biography from the State of Florida
- Brown, Canter, Jr. Ossian Bingley Hart: Florida's Loyalist Reconstruction Governor. Baton Rouge and London: Louisiana State University Press, 1997.
- Morris, Allen and Joan Perry Morris, compilers. The Florida Handbook 2007-2008 31st Biennial Edition. Page 313-4. Peninsula Publishing. Tallahassee. 2007. ISBN 978-0-9765846-1-2 Softcover ISBN 978-0-9765846-2-9 Hardcover.
- Biographical Sketch of Honorable Ossian B. Hart