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Provisional National Defence Council

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The Provisional National Defence Council (PNDC) was the name of the Ghanaian government after the People's National Party's elected government was overthrown by Jerry Rawlings, the former head of the Armed Forces Revolutionary Council, in a coup d'état on 31 December 1981. He remained in power until 7 January 1993. In a statement, Rawlings said that a "holy war" was necessary due to the PNP's failure to provide effective leadership and the collapse of the national economy and state services.

Provisional National Defence Council
Overview
Established31 December 1981 (1981-12-31)
Dissolved7 January 1993 (1993-01-07)
StateGhana
LeaderChairman (Jerry Rawlings)
HeadquartersAccra

The PNDC was a military dictatorship that induced civilians to participate in governance. Most of its members were civilians. Its policies reflected a revolutionary government that was pragmatic in its approach.[clarification needed] The economic objectives of the PNDC were to halt Ghana's economic decay, stabilize the economy, and stimulate economic growth. The PNDC also brought a change in the people's attitude from a 'government will provide' position to participating in nation-building.[citation needed]

The PNDC provided a new constitution in 1992 and held elections that year. Rawlings's party, the NDC, won the presidential election with 58% of the vote. The opposition boycotted the subsequent parliamentary elections.[1]

Members

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The seven original members of the PNDC from its inception were as follows:

Brigadier Nunoo-Mensah, who had been retired by the Limann government, was recalled as Chief of Defence Staff and the second-in-command of the PNDC. Reverend Damuah was an outspoken priest of the Roman Catholic Church in Ghana. Joachim Amartey Quaye was a labour leader who led a strike at the Ghana Industrial Holding Corporation (GIHOC) and was removed by Hilla Limann's government. Chris Bukari Atim was a student leader and friend of Jerry Rawlings. Adjei Buadi and Akata Pore were junior ranks in the Ghana Air Force.[2]

Departures and replacements

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Over the years, some people were added to the membership and others left. A number left in 1982 due to ideological differences. Joachim Amartey Quaye was executed for his involvement in the murder of three senior judges and a retired army officer. Rev. Damuah who was suspended from the Catholic Church because of his involvement in the government left in late 1982 and started his own church later called the Afrikania Mission, an organization devoted to the promotion of African Traditional Religion.[3]

August 1992 onwards — final membership

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  • Flt. Lt. Jerry John Rawlings - Chairman
  • Justice D. F. Annan
  • Alhaji Mahama Iddrisu
  • Captain (rtd) Kojo Tsikata
  • P. V. Obeng
  • Lieutenant General Arnold Quainoo
  • Air Vice Marshal Dumashie
  • Dr. Mrs. Mary Grant

Membership

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PNDC Members

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Position Name From To Notes
Head of state of Ghana and Chairman Flight Lieutenant Jerry John Rawlings December 1981 January 1993
Chief of the Defence Staff Brigadier Joseph Nunoo-Mensah[11] January 1982 November 1982 Reappointed Chief of Defence Staff
Member Vincent Kwabena Damuah[12] January 1982 1982 Catholic priest
Member Warrant Officer I Joseph Adjei Buadi[13] January 1982 December 1984[14] Coordinator for the Armed Forces Defence Committees[15]
Member Sergeant Daniel Alolga Akata Pore January 1982 1982 Secretary Armed Forces Defence Committee[15][16]
Member Joachim Amartey Quaye January 1982 August 1982 Union leader
Member Chris Bukari Atim January 1982 1982 General Secretary of the June Fourth Movement, Former First national vice president of the National Union of Ghana Students[16]
Member Aanaa Naamua Enin[17] August 1982[4][18] December 1989
Member Ebo Tawiah[17] August 1982[4] ? Trade Union leader
Member Alhaji Mahama Iddrisu[19][17] October 1984 January 1993 Politician and businessman
Member Captain Kojo Tsikata[17] July 1985 January 1993 National Security and Foreign Affairs, Retired soldier
Chairman of Committee of Secretaries Paul Victor Obeng[17] July 1985 January 1993 Former student leader and Mechanical Engineer
Member Lieutenant General Arnold Quainoo[17] 1982 January 1993 Chief of Defence Staff
Member Naa Polku Konkuu Chiiri 1983[6] 1984 Nandom Naa
Died in office
Member and Chairman of the
National Commission for Democracy		 Justice Daniel Francis Annan[17] 1984 January 1993 Retired Appeals Court Judge
Member Susanna Al-Hassan 1985 1987 Ghana's first female minister in 1961 and author
Member Maj. Gen. Winston C. M. Mensa-Wood[17] 1987 1992 Chief of the Defence Staff
Died in office
Member Mary Grant 1989 January 1993 Medical doctor
Member Air Vice Marshal A. H. K. Dumashie 1992 January 1993 Chief of Defence Staff

Secretaries

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The officials in charge of the various ministries were designated as Secretaries of state.

List of secretaries (ministers) of state

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Portfolio Secretary From To Notes
Chairman of Committee of Secretaries Paul Victor Obeng 1982 1993
Secretary for Foreign Affairs Obed Asamoah[20][21] January 1982 1993
Secretary for the Interior Johnny F. S. Hansen[20][22] January 1982 Apr 1982
J. M. Ewa[22] Apr 1982 Dec 1982
Kofi Djin[22] Dec 1982 Nov 1985
Major General Winston Mensa-Wood[23][21] Nov 1985 Oct 1987
Nii Okaidja Adamafio[23] Oct 1987 May 1991
Nana Akuoko Sarpong[23] May 1991 Mar 1992
Colonel E. M. Osei-Wusu[23] Mar 1992 Jan 1993
Secretary for Finance Kwesi Botchwey[21] 1982 1993
Secretary for Defence Naa Polku Konkuu Chirii[24] 1982 Nov 1983
Rear Admiral C. K. Dzang[24] 22 Nov 1983 1985
Mahama Iddrisu[24][19] 1985 6 Jan 1993
Attorney General and Secretary for Justice G. E. K. Aikins[20][21] January 1982 1992
E.G. Tanoh 1992 1993
Secretary for Education and Culture Christina Ama Ata Aidoo[20] January 1982 1983
V. C. Dadson[25] 1983 ?
Joyce Aryee[21] 1985 1987
Mohammed Ben Abdallah[26] 1986 1987
K. B. Asante 1988 1989
Mary Grant 1989 1993
Secretary for Agriculture[27] Eugene Bortei-Doku[20][28] January 1982 Dec 1983
John Akparibo Ndebugre 1984 1985
Isaac Adjei-Marfo[29] 1985 1986
Stephen Obimpeh[21] 1986 1992
Ibrahim Adam 1992 1993
Secretary for Cocoa Affairs Isaac Adjei-Marfo ? ?
Secretary for Chieftaincy Affairs E.G. Tanoh 1987 1992
Nana Akuoko Sarpong 1992 1993
Secretary for Trade
Secretary for Trade and Tourism		 K. B. Asante[20][30] January 1982 1986
Kofi Djin[21] 1986 1992
John Bawa 1992 1993
Secretary for Culture and Tourism Asiedu Yirenkyi[20] January 1982 1984
Mohammed Ben Abdallah[21] ? 1986
Secretary for Local Government and Rural Development John Agyekum Kufuor[20] January 1982 1982
Kwame Dwemoh-Kesse[25] 1983 ?
William H. Yeboah 1986 ?
Kofi Acquaah Harrison[21] c. 1986 ?
Joyce Aryee[26] 1986 1988
Kwamena Ahwoi ? ?
Secretary for Rural Development and Co-operatives Kofi Ankomah[20] January 1982 1982
Kofi Acquaah Harrison[26] 1982 1986
Secretary for Fuel and Power E. Appiah Korang[21] January 1982[20] 1987
Ato Ahwoi 1987 1993
Secretary for Transport and Communications Mahama Iddrisu[20] January 1982 1986
Kwame M. Peprah[21] 1986 1987
Yaw Donkor 1987 1992
Kwame M. Peprah 1992 1993
Secretary for Roads and Highways Yaw E. O. Donkor[21] 1983 1987
Mensah Gbedemah 1987 1992
Richard Commey 1992 1993
Secretary for Lands and Natural Resources Kwesi Renner 1983 1986
George Adamu[21] 1986 1987
Kwame Peprah 1987 1992
J. A. Dansoh 1992 1993
Secretary for Industry, Science and Technology Kaku Kyiamah[20] January 1982 1983[31]
G. B. Opoku[31] 1983 1986
Francis Acquah[21] 1986 1992
K. A. Butah 1992 1993
Secretary for Information Ato Austin[20][32] January 1982 1983
Joyce Aryee 1983 1985
Kofi Totobi Quakyi[21] 1985 1993
Secretary for Health Charles Buadu 1983 1986
E. G. Tanoh[33] c. 1986 ?
Air Commodore F. W. Klutse[21] 1986 1988
Nana Akuoko Sarpong 1988 1991
Stephen Obimpeh 1992 1993
Secretary for Labour and Social Welfare
Secretary for Mobilization and Productivity		 Adisa Munkaila 1982 1983
Ato Austin[25] 1983 1986
W. H. Yeboah[21] 1986 1987
Huudu Yahaya[34] c. 1988 ?
George Adamu ? 1992
D. S. Boateng 1992 1993
Secretary for Works and Housing Mawuse Dake[20][35] January 1982 1983[31]
Alhassan Abubakar[25] 1983 ?
Kofi Sam[21] c. 1986 ?
Emmanuel Appiah Korang
Kenneth Ampratwum
Secretary for Youth and Sports Zaya Yeebo[20][36] January 1982 1983
Amarkai Amarteifio 1983 1986
Ato Austin[21] 1986 1992
Arnold Quainoo 1992 1993
National Defence Committee Mawuse Dake[25] 1983 ?
PDCs and WDCs Akrasi-Sarpong[25] c. 1983 ?
Regional Secretaries
Ashanti Regional Secretary J. Y. Ansah ? ?
F. A. Jantuah[25] 1983 ?
Colonel Osei Owusu[37] c. 1986
Brong Ahafo Region K. Saarah-Mensah[20] January 1982 1982
J. H. Owusu Acheampong 1982 ?
C. S. Takyi[25] 1983 ?
Colonel Alex Antwi[37] c. 1986
Central Regional Secretary
E. G. Tanoh[25] 1983 ?
Ato Austin 1988 1993
Lt. Colonel E. A. Baidoo[37] c. 1986
Eastern Regional Secretary Fred Ohene-Kena 1982 ?
Daniel O. Agyekum[26][37] ? 1986
Kofi Acquaah Harrison[26] 1986 ?
Greater Accra Regional Secretary Atukwei Okai[20][38] January 1982 1982
Nii Abeo Kyerekuandah[25] 1983 ?
Nii Okaidja Adamafio 1982 ?
Colonel W. A. Thompson 1985 1986
Selina Taylor[19][37] c. 1986
Colonel W. A. Thompson 1988 1991
Nii Okaidja Adamafio 1991 ?
Northern Regional Secretary Thomas Ibrahim 1982 ?
D. S. Zachariah[37] c. 1986
Upper East Region Kundab Mobilla 1982 ?
J. E. Sakyi[37] c. 1986
Upper West Region Yelibora Antumini 1982 1983
Joseph Yieleh Chireh[31] 1983 ?
Volta Regional Secretary Francis Agbley 1982 ?
Yao Fiagbe[39] c. 1982
Richard Seglah[37] c. 1986
Western Region J. R. E. Amenlema 1982 ?
Don Arthur[25] 1983 ?
Colonel W. A. Thompson[37] 1986 1988

References

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  1. ^ Jeffries, Richard & Thomas, Clare (1993). "The Ghanaian Elections of 1992". African Affairs. 92 (368): 331–366. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a098639.
  2. ^ "COUNCIL NAMED TO RULE GHANA". The New York Times: 3. 13 January 1982. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 28 September 2021.
  3. ^ "Ghana - Libation issue rears up again". African News Bulletin. Archived from the original on 2011-05-26. Retrieved 2010-07-22.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  4. ^ a b c d Asamoah, Obed Y. (2014). The political history of Ghana (1950-2013) : the experience of a non-conformist. Bloomington, IN. p. 299. ISBN 978-1496985644. Retrieved 28 September 2021.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  5. ^ a b c Martin K.I Christensen. "Worldwide Guide to Women in Leadership". Retrieved 2010-06-05.
  6. ^ a b "New PNDC Member". Ghana News. 12 (1). Embassy of Ghana: 12. January 1983. Retrieved 27 September 2021.
  7. ^ Ghana News Agency. "Justice Daniel Francis Annan". Ghana Famous People. Ghana Home Page. Retrieved 2010-07-18.
  8. ^ a b "The Rawlings Revolution". GhanaDistricts.com. Archived from the original on 4 February 2016. Retrieved 26 December 2012.
  9. ^ a b c Asamoah, Obed Y. (2014). The political history of Ghana (1950-2013) : the experience of a non-conformist. Bloomington, IN. ISBN 978-1496985644.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  10. ^ ""Chapter 2— Ghana in Economic Crisis" in The Politics of Reform in Ghana, 1982–1991". p. 32. Retrieved 2007-04-28.
  11. ^ "The Security Services" (PDF). National Reconciliation Commission report. Ghana government. October 2004. p. 52. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 16, 2006. Retrieved 18 December 2021.
  12. ^ "Tempo of revolution has not changed - Damuah". Ghana News. 11 (6). Washington DC: Embassy of Ghana: 6. June 1982.
  13. ^ "Currency won't be demonitized". Ghana News. 11 (6). Washington DC: Embassy of Ghana: 1. June 1982.
  14. ^ Ray, Donald I. (1986). Ghana, Politics, Economics and Society. Columbia University Pr. pp. 31–34. ISBN 978-0931477621.
  15. ^ a b Akonor, Kwame (2006). Africa and IMF conditionality : the unevenness of compliance, 1983-2000. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0415979474. Retrieved 18 December 2021.
  16. ^ a b Research Directorate, Immigration and Refugee Board, Canada (1 June 1991). "Ghana: Information on a group called "June Fourth Movement (JFM)"". Refworld. Canada: Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada. Retrieved 19 December 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h "PNDC Members". Ghana News. 15 (5). Washington DC: Embassy of Ghana: 2. May 1986.
  18. ^ "Algeria ready with oil aid". Ghana News. 12 (1). Washington DC: Embassy of Ghana: 11. January 1983. Retrieved 27 September 2021.
  19. ^ a b c "Staff College marks 10th year". Ghana News. 15 (8). Washington D C: Embassy of Ghana: 1. 1986. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
  20. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q "Civilians appointed to fill cabinet posts". Ghana News. 11 (1). Washington DC: Embassy of Ghana: 3. January 1982.
  21. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s "PNDC Secretaries". Ghana News. 15 (5). Washington D C: Embassy of Ghana: 2. May 1986.
  22. ^ a b c "Past Ministers (3)". Official website. Ministry of Interior, Ghana. Archived from the original on 20 January 2015. Retrieved 14 August 2014.
  23. ^ a b c d "Past Ministers (2)". Official website. Ministry of Interior, Ghana. Archived from the original on 19 January 2015. Retrieved 14 August 2014.
  24. ^ a b c "MINISTER FOR DEFENCE". www.mod.gov.gh. Ghana Government. Archived from the original on 19 March 2020. Retrieved 19 March 2020.
  25. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "PNDC makes 6 cabinet changes". Ghana News. 12 (6). Washington DC: Embassy of Ghana: 6. June 1983.
  26. ^ a b c d e "Changes in Designation of Ministries and Assignment of Portfolios". Ghana News. 15 (8). Washington D C: Embassy of Ghana: 14. September 1986. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
  27. ^ "Former Heads of MoFA". Official website. Ministry of Food and Agriculture. Retrieved 7 August 2012.
  28. ^ 1984 Training for Agriculture and Rural Development. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 1985. p. 87. ISBN 978-92-5-102139-2. Retrieved 31 October 2021.
  29. ^ "Ghana To Receive $15 Grant From IFAD". Ghana News. 15 (5). Washington D C: Embassy of Ghana: 7. May 1986.
  30. ^ Tawiah, Kofi Owusu (27 January 2018). "K.B. Asante, the patriot, diplomat and writer". Ghanweb.com. GhanaWeb. Retrieved 23 May 2019.
  31. ^ a b c d "More changes announced". Ghana News. 12 (3). Washington DC: Embassy of Ghana: 3. 1979. Retrieved 19 December 2021.
  32. ^ "There's need for ideo. direction". Ghana News. 11 (6). Washington DC: Embassy of Ghana: 5. June 1982.
  33. ^ "Ghana In Favour Of National Health Insurance Scheme". Ghana News. 15 (5). Washington D C: Embassy of Ghana: 7. May 1986.
  34. ^ Clegg, Sam, ed. (29 November 1988). "Yahaya attends ILO confab". Daily Graphic (11830). Accra: Graphic Communications Group Ltd: 16. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
  35. ^ "PNDC will provide houses for all". Ghana News. 11 (6). Washington DC: Embassy of Ghana: 8. June 1982.
  36. ^ "Today in history: Ghana won its fourth AFCON title". Ghanaweb.com. GhanaWeb. 19 March 2018. Retrieved 20 May 2019.
  37. ^ a b c d e f g h i "PNDC Regional Secretaries". Ghana News. 15 (5). Washington D C: Embassy of Ghana: 2. May 1986.
  38. ^ "World Statesment (sic) are honoured". Ghana News. 11 (6). Washington DC: Embassy of Ghana: 3. June 1982.
  39. ^ "Fiscal Year Changes". Ghana News. 11 (6). Washington DC: Embassy of Ghana: 8. June 1982. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
Preceded by Government of Ghana
(Military Regime)
Dec 1981 – Jan 1993 		Succeeded by
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