PROP can stand for:
- 6-N-Propylthiouracil (or PROP), a thionamide either tasting very bitter or tasteless depending on genetic makeup
- PROP (category theory), a certain symmetric strict monoidal category, in category theory
- Propulsion Engineer (PROP), space shuttle flight control position
- Preservation of the Rights of Prisoners (PROP), a UK prisoner's rights organisation set up in the early 1970s