The AT&T Madison Complex Tandem Office is a 17-story, 79 m (259 ft) building in Los Angeles, California, completed in 1961. With its microwave tower, used through 1993, bringing the overall height to 137 m (449 ft), it is the 29th tallest building in Los Angeles. The building serves 1.3 million phone lines in area code 213, and other Los Angeles area codes, for foreign long-distance calling.
| AT&T Madison Complex Tandem Office | |
|---|---|
 | |
 | |
| Alternative names | AT&T Switching Center PacBell Tower Pacific Telephone Tower SBC Building SBC Communications Switching Station |
| General information | |
| Type | Commercial offices Switching station |
| Location | 420 South Grand Avenue Los Angeles, California |
| Coordinates | 34°03′03″N 118°15′09″W / 34.050750°N 118.252614°W |
| Completed | 1961 |
| Owner | AT&T |
| Height | |
| Antenna spire | 136.55 m (448.0 ft) |
| Roof | 79 m (259 ft) |
| Technical details | |
| Floor count | 17 |
| Design and construction | |
| Architect(s) | John B. Parkinson Donald D. Parkinson |
| References | |
| [1][2][3][4][5] | |
The site plays host to technology used in the NSA's Fairview surveillance program.[6][7]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "AT&T Switching Center". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
- ^ "Emporis building ID 116497". Emporis. Archived from the original on March 7, 2016.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ AT&T Switching Center at Glass Steel and Stone (archived)
- ^ "AT&T Switching Center". SkyscraperPage.
- ^ AT&T Switching Center at Structurae
- ^ Gallagher, Ryan; Moltke, Henrik; Poitras, Laura (November 16, 2016). "The NSA's Spy Hub in New York, Hidden in Plain Sight". The Intercept. Retrieved December 1, 2023.
- ^ New York Times, AT&T Helped U.S. Spy on Internet on a Vast Scale & Pro Publica, NSA Spying Relies on AT&T’s ‘Extreme Willingness to Help’, August 15, 2015.
Further reading
edit- "Los Angeles Central Offices Madison Complex". The Central Office. March 14, 2009. Archived from the original on September 3, 2010. Retrieved September 3, 2010.
- "AT&T Tower, Los Angeles, California". Southland Architecture. 2010. Retrieved September 3, 2010.
- Gallagher, Ryan; Moltke, Henrik (June 25, 2018). "The NSA's Hidden Spy Hubs in Eight U.S. Cities". The Intercept. Archived from the original on June 26, 2018. Retrieved June 26, 2018.