Pachomius II Patestos (Greek: Παχώμιος Πατέστος; died after 1585) was Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople from 1584 to 1585.[1] He is sometimes considered an usurper.
Pachomius II of Constantinople | |
|---|---|
| Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople | |
| Church | Church of Constantinople |
| In office | 22 February 1584 – February 1585 |
| Predecessor | Jeremias II |
| Successor | Theoleptus II |
| Previous post(s) | Metropolitan of Caesarea |
| Personal details | |
| Born | unknown |
| Died | after 1585 |
Life
edit16th-century Greek sources show an extended bias against Pachomius: he is labeled as "dissolute" by Pseudo-Dorotheos and Leontios Eustrakios stated that he "inflicted immeasurable grief upon the Christians".[2]
Pachomius was native of Lesbos.[3] He was a man of great education, a scholar, and he served as a teacher of philosophy and mathematics of Sultan Mehmed III. Around 1580 he became rector of the Patriarchal Church in Constantinople. On about 1583 or 1584, thanks to the support of his brother, who was a wealthy merchant, he bought his election to the Metropolitanate of Caesarea. However, Patriarch Jeremias II Tranos, who as Patriarch had the right to validate any Metropolitan's appointment, refused to confirm and consecrate him.[4]
Pachomius led a group of Greek prelates who tried to overthrow Jeremias, accusing the latter of having supported a Greek uprising against the Ottoman Empire, to have baptized a Muslim and to be in correspondence with the Papacy. [2] Jeremias II was arrested and beaten, and three trials followed: the first charge was proven false, but the last resulted in his deposition on 22 February 1584. With a personal decision Sultan Mehmed III appointed Pachomius as Patriarch of Constantinople. The appointment was due not only to Pachomius's personal relationship with the Sultan, but also to a promise to increase the annual tax paid by the Church to the Ottoman state.[4]
During Pachomius' patriarchate, a synod was held in Constantinople with the participation of Patriarch Sophronius IV of Jerusalem, which condemned the Gregorian calendar and exiled the former Patriarch Jeremias II, whom it charged not to have been opposed enough to the new calendar.
Same bishops tried to overthrow Pachomius, offering to Sultan Murad III the great amount of 40,000 florins. The Sultan however received the same amount from friends of Pachomius and kept him in place. Pachomius remained unpopular with most of his flock; when he was due to pay the increased annual gift he had promised to the Sultan, he tried to collect it from the Orthodox faithful, who refused their help. To obtain money Pachomius sold church properties, but he nevertheless failed to gather the promised amount.[2] Pachomius also failed to address the ongoing polemic launched against him by the deacon of Jeremias II, Nikephoros, who considered his election as illegal. Finally Pachomius was deposed by a meeting of prelates on 26 or 27 February 1585, and the Sultan did not oppose to the synodal decision. Pachomius was succeeded by Theoleptus II, who had leagued with him in overthrowing Jeremias the year before.[2]
A year later Pachomius was acquitted of the charges and was sent to Egypt and Cyprus to collect donations. During his travel Pachomius was charged of immoral behavior,[4] and he returned to Constantinople, where he worked and continued to pose problems. He was finally exiled in Wallachia, where he died.
Notes
edit- ^ Kiminas, Demetrius (2009). The Ecumenical Patriarchate. Wildside Press LLC. p. 38,46. ISBN 978-1-4344-5876-6.
- ^ a b c d Gudziak, Borys A. (2001). Crisis and reform : the Kyivan Metropolitanate, the Patriarchate of Constantinople, and the genesis of the Union of Brest. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Ukrainian Research Institute, Harvard University. pp. 30–31. ISBN 0-916458-92-X.
- ^ "Παχώμιος Β´". Ecumenical Patriarchate. Retrieved 11 Sep 2011.(in Greek)
- ^ a b c Moustakas Konstantinos. "Pachomius II of Constantinople". Encyclopaedia of the Hellenic World, Asia Minor. Retrieved 11 Sep 2011.