Pantetheine hydrolase

In enzymology, a pantetheine hydrolase (EC 3.5.1.92) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

Structure of the pantetheinase vanin-1 from PDB: 4CYF​. Catalytic residues and sugars are shown in sticks, sugar-binding residues in lines.
Identifiers
EC no.	3.5.1.92
Databases
IntEnz	IntEnz view
BRENDA	BRENDA entry
ExPASy	NiceZyme view
KEGG	KEGG entry
MetaCyc	metabolic pathway
PRIAM	profile
PDB structures	RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
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(R)-pantetheine + H₂O $\rightleftharpoons$ (R)-pantothenate + 2-aminoethanethiol

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are (R)-pantetheine and H₂O, whereas its two products are (R)-pantothenate and 2-aminoethanethiol.

This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, those acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds, specifically in linear amides. The systematic name of this enzyme class is (R)-pantetheine amidohydrolase. Other names in common use include pantetheinase, vanin, and vanin-1. This enzyme participates in pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis.

Further reading

• Dupre S, Cavallini D (1979). "Purification and properties of pantetheinase from horse kidney". Vitamins and Coenzymes Part D. Methods in Enzymology. Vol. 62. pp. 262–7. doi:10.1016/0076-6879(79)62227-9. ISBN 978-0-12-181962-0. PMID 440106.
• Dupre S, Chiaraluce R, Nardini M, Cannella C, Ricci G, Cavallini D (1984). "Continuous spectrophotometric assay of pantetheinase activity". Anal. Biochem. 142 (1): 175–81. doi:10.1016/0003-2697(84)90534-7. PMID 6549111.
• Maras B, Barra D, Dupre S, Pitari G (1999). "Is pantetheinase the actual identity of mouse and human vanin-1 proteins?". FEBS Lett. 461 (3): 149–52. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(99)01439-8. PMID 10567687.
• P; Galland, F; Bazin, H; Zakharyev, VM; Imhof, BA; Naquet, P (1996). "Vanin-1, a novel GPI-linked perivascular molecule involved in thymus homing". Immunity. 5 (5): 391–405. doi:10.1016/S1074-7613(00)80496-3. PMID 8934567.
• Maras B, Dupre S, Naquet P, Galland F (2000). "Pantetheinase activity of membrane-bound Vanin-1: lack of free cysteamine in tissues of Vanin-1 deficient mice". FEBS Lett. 483 (2–3): 149–54. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(00)02110-4. PMID 11042271.
• Granjeaud S, Mattei MG, Mungall AJ, Naquet P, Galland F (2001). "Vanin genes are clustered (human 6q22-24 and mouse 10A2B1) and encode isoforms of pantetheinase ectoenzymes". Immunogenetics. 53 (4): 296–306. doi:10.1007/s002510100327. PMID 11491533.
• Pace HC, Brenner C (2001). "The nitrilase superfamily: classification, structure and function". Genome Biol. 2 (1): REVIEWS0001. doi:10.1186/gb-2001-2-1-reviews0001. PMC 150437. PMID 11380987.