Punctelia toxodes is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. The lichen is a member of the Punctelia rudecta species complex. Found in South Africa, it was first formally described as a new species by English botanist James Stirton in 1878 as Parmelia toxodes.[2] Klaus Kalb and Manuela Götz transferred it to the genus Punctelia in 2007.[3] In his 1878 publication, Stirton did not designate a type specimen, so an epitype was designated in a 2016 publication. This epitype was collected from the Cape Floristic Region of South Africa, on Paarl Mountain at an altitude of 530 m (1,740 ft). The lichen grows on bark and on rocks.[4]
| Punctelia toxodes | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Lecanorales |
| Family: | Parmeliaceae |
| Genus: | Punctelia |
| Species: | P. toxodes
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| Binomial name | |
| Punctelia toxodes | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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References
edit- ^ "Synonymy: Punctelia toxodes (Stirt.) Kalb & M. Götz". Species Fungorum. Retrieved 11 March 2021.
- ^ Stirton, J. (1878). "On certain lichens belonging to the genus Parmelia". The Scottish Naturalist. 4: 254.
- ^ Kalb, Klaus (2007). "New or otherwise interesting lichens". In Kärnefelt, Ingvar; Thell, Arne (eds.). Lichenological Contributions in Honour of David Galloway. Bibliotheca Lichenologica. Vol. 95. Berlin-Stuttgart: J. Cramer in der Gebrüder Borntraeger Verlagsbuchhandlung. pp. 297–316. ISBN 978-3-443-58074-2.
- ^ Wong, William Oki; Alors, David; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten; Divakar, Pradeep K.; Leavitt, Steven D.; Crespo, Ana (2016). "An integrative approach for understanding diversity in the Punctelia rudecta species complex (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota)". PLOS ONE. 11 (2): e0146537. Bibcode:2016PLoSO..1146537A. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0146537. PMC 4749632. PMID 26863231.
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