Pejepscot is a historical settlement first occupied by a subset of the Androscoggin Native Americans (Formerly known as the Anasagunticooks) known as the Wabanaki. The region encompasses the current towns of Brunswick, Topsham and Harpswell, Maine in Sagadahoc and Cumberland counties and was first settled by English settlers in 1628.
Pejepscot | |
|---|---|
Villages | |
 Current towns of Brunswick, Topsham and Harpswell, Maine | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Maine |
| County | |
| Settled | 1628 |
| End date | 1717 |
| Founded by | Thomas Purchase |
| Towns | |
| Government | |
| • Type | Self-governing colony |
| • Body | Massachusetts Bay Colony 1639 |
| Population (1715) | |
• Total | 30–40 |
| Website | pejepscothistorical |
History
editNative Americans
editBefore the European colonization of the Americas, Pejepscot was inhabited by the Wabanaki Native Americans. The word Pejepscot has its roots in the Wabanaki language and has different translations (long, rocky rapids part
and crooked like a diving snake
). This area refers to a specific section of the Androscoggin River, the major waterway and lifeblood for all that inhabited the region.[1][2]
Pejepscot is the current towns of Brunswick, Topsham, and Harpswell, Maine, in Sagadahoc and Cumberland counties.[1]
Colonization
editin the year 1620, a charter was granted by King James II of England to forty noblemen, knights, and gentlemen
, calling themselves the Plymouth Company. Their territory extended from the fourteenth to the forty-eighth parallel of latitude, and from sea to sea.[3]: 7
Arriving in 1628, the first permanent European settler in Pejepscot was Thomas Purchase from Dorchester, Dorset England. On June 16, 1632, the Plymouth Company granted a patent to Purchase and his brother in-law George Way for the lands at Pejepscot, in the current towns of Brunswick, Topsham and Harpswell Maine.[1] Purchase settled at Pejepscot Falls adjacent to the Site of Fort Andross.[3]: 789–790
In the proceedings of the Plymouth Council in England, the following minutes were entered:
(Early Modern English)
16 June 1632. 8 Cat. I. The said Councill graunt certaine, called the River Bishopscott, unto George Way and Thomas Purchase.... A Graunt part to George Way and Thomas Purchase of certaine Lands in New England, called the River Bishopscotte (Pejepscot), and all that Bounds and Limitts of the Maine Land, adjoining to the said River to extend two myles: from the said River Northwards four myles, and the Pejepscot proprietors reserved seven hundred acres of land for the heirs of Thomas Purchase, i.e., "Elizabeth and her five children by Mr. Purchase, and her son, Samuel Pike." from the house 1 there to the Ocean sea with all other Profitts and Commodities whatsoever, paying to the King one fifth part of gold and silver oare, and another fifth part to the President and Councill, also paying twelve pense to the said President and Councill for every hundred Acres of Ground in use, to the rent- gatherer for the time being, as by the same Graunt may appeare.— Sainsbury (1632). Colonial Papers. Vol. 1 (52). England: Plymouth Council. p. 7.
On August 22, 1639, purchase made a legal agreement with John Winthrop, Governor of Massachusetts, placing his land under the jurisdiction of that colony. This was a right to the jurisdiction only and not the soil.[3]: 794
On July 7, 1684, and after Purchase fled to Boston during King Philip's War, the land was next settled and purchased through Native Americans by Richard Wharton, a Boston merchant,[4][3]: 104 except for a few islands. In 1714. in the Massachusetts General Court, the land was sold to a group of Boston merchants. organized as the Pejepscot Proprietors. They sold land in small lots as a commercial enterprise to establish a settlement.[4]
By 1715, in the Brunswick portion of Pejepscot, there were only thirty to forty residents.[3]: 599 The region of Pejepscot kept that name and location until the Massachusetts General Court constituted the three towns.
| Town | Year of name change |
|---|---|
| Brunswick, Maine | 1717[3]: 104 |
| Harpswell, Maine | 1733[3]: 155 |
| Topsham, Maine | 1764[3]: 180 |
Archaeological sites
editPejepscot Site
editPejepscot Site | |
| Nearest city | Topsham, Maine |
|---|---|
| Area | 0.7 acres (0.28 ha) |
| NRHP reference No. | 87000922[5] |
| Added to NRHP | June 12, 1987 |
The Pejepscot Site is a prehistoric archaeological site on the banks of the Androscoggin River in Topsham, Maine. The site is a small Native American habitation site dating to the Late woodland or early classic stage. It was discovered in the 1980s during planning for a water power project on the river above Brunswick Falls.[6]
Merrymeeting Bay Pioneers Project
editIn 2020 the Merrymeeting Bay Pioneers Project found a 17th-century dwelling in a field at the Hunter Farm on Foreside Road in Topsham. The home, found in a field, was built with wood, clay, and stone. Stones were placed below the timbers to keep them from rotting.[7]
References
edit- ^ a b c "A Brief History of the Pejepscot Region". Pejepscot Historical Society. Retrieved September 19, 2022.
- ^ Mack, Penelope (October 18, 2019). "'A political existence': Native culture on campus". The Bowdoin Orient. Retrieved September 19, 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Wheeler, George Augustus & Wheeler, Henry Warren (1878). History of Brunswick, Topsham, and Harpswell, Maine. Harvard Library: A. Mudge & Sons, Printers – via Google Books. p. Inside Front Cover – Pejepscot Historical Society 2nd ed. (1974):
(This book) has long been considered the authoritative text on the three towns through 1878.
- ^ a b "From the Falls to the Bay" (PDF). Pejepscot Historical Society. 1980. Retrieved September 21, 2022.
- ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
- ^ "Multiple Property Submission for Androscoggin River Drainage Prehistoric Sites". National Park Service. Retrieved September 25, 2014.
- ^ Moore, Darcie (November 22, 2020). "Archaeologists dig up history in Topsham". The Times Record (Maine). Retrieved September 19, 2022.
