Pekař (feminine Pekařová) is a Czech surname. Pekár (feminine Pekárová) is a Slovak surname. In both languages the surname denotes "baker".
Notable people with the surname include:
- Harvey Pekar (1939–2010), American underground comic book writer, music critic and media personality
- Jaroslav Pekař (born 1944), Czech sports shooter
- Josef Pekař (1870–1937), Czech historian
- László Pekár (born 1993), Hungarian footballer
- Matúš Pekár (born 1984), Slovak footballer
- Solomon Isaakovich Pekar (1917–1985), Soviet theoretical physicist
- Štefan Pekár (born 1988), Slovak footballer