Pelle the Conqueror (Danish: Pelle Erobreren, Swedish: Pelle Erövraren) is a 1987 epic film co-written and directed by Bille August, based upon the 1910 novel of the same name by Danish writer Martin Andersen Nexø. The film tells the story of two Swedish immigrants to Denmark, a father and son, who try to build a new life for themselves. It stars Pelle Hvenegaard as the young Pelle, with Max von Sydow as his father, and also features Axel Strøbye and Astrid Villaume.
| Pelle the Conqueror | |
|---|---|
 Original Swedish poster | |
| Directed by | Bille August |
| Screenplay by | Bille August Per Olov Enquist Bjarne Reuter Max Lundgren |
| Based on | Pelle Erobreren by Martin Andersen Nexø |
| Produced by | Per Holst |
| Starring | Max von Sydow Pelle Hvenegaard Erik Paaske Bjørn Granath |
| Cinematography | Jörgen Persson |
| Edited by | Janus Billeskov Jansen |
| Music by | Stefan Nilsson |
Production companies | |
| Distributed by | Svensk Filmindustri (Sweden) Kærne Film (Denmark) |
Release date |
|
Running time | 157 minutes[1] |
| Countries | Denmark Sweden[2] |
| Languages | Scanian Danish Swedish |
| Budget | $4.5 million[3] |
| Box office | $2,053,931[4] |
A co-production of Denmark and Sweden, August chose to adapt Boyhood, the first part of Nexø's novel, seeking to make an epic and citing the novel's status as essential reading in Denmark. Pelle Hvenegaard was 11 when he was cast, after some 3,000 children auditioned. Like many other boys in Denmark, he was named by his family for the novel's eponymous character.
The film screened at the 1988 Cannes Film Festival and New York Film Festival. It was critically acclaimed, winning the Palme d'Or and the 1988 Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, and numerous other honours.
Plot
editIn the late 1850s, the elderly emigrant Lasse Karlsson and his son Pelle reach the Danish island of Bornholm after leaving Skåne County, in southern Sweden, following the death of the boy's mother. Lasse finds it difficult to secure work, given his advanced age and Pelle's youth. They are forced to toil at a large farm, where they are generally mistreated by the managers.
The managers work under the tyrannical Kongstrup, who has a history of affairs with female employees, resulting in illegitimate children. Among such children is Rud, who befriends Pelle and helps him learn Danish. Eventually, Pelle becomes more confident and begins attending school, though he is still discriminated against as a foreigner. Pelle also befriends the Swedish worker Erik, who is constantly harassed for alleged sloth. Erik shares his dream of visiting America, China, and "Negroland" with Pelle, aiming to "conquer" the world. Rud runs away after poor performance at school, but Pelle begins to excel.
After Kongstrup impregnates Mrs. Kongstrup's visiting niece Miss Sine, his wife castrates him for his abuses. Lasse begins an affair with Mrs. Olsen, believed to be a widow since her husband has not returned from a long sea voyage. Pelle is teased at school for his father's affair.
At the farm, Erik is injured and disabled after attempting to lead a revolt against management. Mrs. Olsen's husband returns from his voyage, and Lasse is overcome with depression and alcoholism. The two appeal to the Kongstrups for aid against their harassment. Mrs. Kongstrup offers support, but her husband remains silent. Pelle receives a promotion but, after witnessing Erik forced from the farm, vows to leave. Lasse initially resolves to go with him, before deciding he is too old to travel. He sends Pelle alone into the world.
Cast
edit- Max von Sydow as Lassefar "Lasse" Karlsson
- Pelle Hvenegaard as Pelle Karlsson
- Erik Paaske as Foreman
- Björn Granath as Erik
- Astrid Villaume as Mrs. Kongstrup
- Axel Strøbye as Kongstrup
- Troels Asmussen as Rud
- Kristina Törnqvist as Anna
- Karen Wegener as Mrs. Olsen
- Sofie Gråbøl as Miss Sine
- Lars Simonsen as Niels Køller
- Buster Larsen as Ole Køller
- John Wittig as Schoolteacher
- Thure Lindhardt as Nilen
Production
editDevelopment
edit
The film, based on the 1910 novel of the same name by Martin Andersen Nexø, was a co-production by Danish and Swedish companies. As the story had both Danish and Swedish elements, cooperation between producers in both countries had practical benefit.[5]
The screenplay, by director Bille August, Per Olov Enquist, Max Lundgren, and Bjarne Reuter, adapted only the first Boyhood part of Nexø's four-volume work.[6] August decided to film the novel, considered essential reading in Denmark, and he wanted to make an epic film.[3]
For the title role, Pelle Hvenegaard, who was 11, was cast after August and the crew auditioned 3,000 children. August decided on Hvenegaard, who he said demonstrated concentration, patience and self-control.[3] The boy was coincidentally named after the character in Nexø's book, as are many boys in Denmark, given the decades-long popularity of the book.[7]
Filming
editThe film marked the first collaboration between production designer Anna Asp, who had previously worked on Offret (1986), and August, who had attended a Stockholm school of photography with her.[8] Asp said that in designing the house seen in Pelle the Conqueror, she wanted to evoke a prison, and thus built the walls and painted them black and white.[9]
Filming took place for nearly six months. Its budget of $4.5 million, secured from the Danish and Swedish film institutes, made it one of the most costly films made in the Scandinavian countries.[3]
Release
editThe film was screened in the Cannes Film Festival in May 1988, and subsequently at the New York Film Festival in September 1988.[10] The film's awards attracted the attention of foreign distributors, with Miramax releasing it in the United States.[11]
Buoyed by the Academy Award recognition,[11] Pelle the Conqueror grossed $2,053,931 in North America,[4] a "respectable" figure for a foreign film.[11] The film had a re-release at Golden West College in Los Angeles in March 1993.[12]
Reception
editCritical reception
edit
Pelle the Conqueror was released to critical acclaim in the U.S.[11] Roger Ebert gave it three and a half stars, comparing it to Jan Troell's The Emigrants (1971), saying Max von Sydow's Oscar nomination was "well deserved" and the novice Pelle Hvenegaard "never steps wrong."[7] Vincent Canby, writing for The New York Times, called it "a vividly re-created, minutely detailed panorama of a particular time," and said it was a "scandal" that Von Sydow did not win Best Actor at Cannes.[10] Peter Travers, writing for People, said that Von Sydow exhibited "wrenching simplicity and power," but the film "is maddeningly mediocre."[13] Swedish director Ingmar Bergman told August he saw the film seven times, subsequently choosing August to direct the film The Best Intentions.[14]
Mark Chalon Smith, writing in The Los Angeles Times in 1993, praised the film as faithful to the novel and said "Cinematographer Jorgen Persson ... captures several memorable images of the starkly beautiful Danish terrain."[12] Time Out wrote "Despite occasional lapses into sentimentality, the film is saved by its performances and its uncluttered depiction of harsh impoverished lives," particularly praising von Sydow.[15] In 2004, The New York Times placed the film on its list of "the Best 1,000 Movies Ever Made."[16] Sarah Lutton, writing for the British Film Institute, named Pelle the Conqueror one of "10 great Danish films" and called Von Sydow "extraordinary."[17] Von Sydow later also called it "a very beautiful film."[18] The film holds an 84% rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 25 reviews.[19]
Accolades
editPelle the Conqueror won the Palme d'Or at the 1988 Cannes Film Festival[20] The film also won the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, 1988;[21] it was submitted to the Academy by the Danish government, giving Denmark its second consecutive win after Babette's Feast.[22] The Oscars ceremony also marked Max von Sydow's first nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor.[23]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Pelle Erobreren". Det Danske Filminstitut. Archived from the original on 14 August 2020. Retrieved 6 March 2020.
- ^ "Pelle Erobreren (1987)". British Film Institute. 5 September 2016. Archived from the original on 2 August 2011. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
- ^ a b c d Russell, Candice (19 March 1989). "Great Expectations at Heart Of Oscar-nominated Film". Sun-Sentinel. Archived from the original on 16 September 2016. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
- ^ a b "Pelle the Conqueror". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on 17 September 2016. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
- ^ Hjort 2010, p. 16.
- ^ Dowd, A.A. (15 August 2013). "Pelle The Conqueror conquered at Cannes—and at the Oscars and Golden Globes". The A.V. Club. Archived from the original on 16 September 2016. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
- ^ a b Ebert, Roger (3 March 1989). "Pelle the Conqueror". Rogerebert.com. Archived from the original on 3 June 2020. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
- ^ Ettedgui 1999, p. 109.
- ^ Ettedgui 1999, p. 114.
- ^ a b Canby, Vincent (30 September 1988). "Film Festival; Von Sydow as a Father In 'Pelle the Conqueror'". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 15 September 2016. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
- ^ a b c d Elkington 2005, p. 36.
- ^ a b Smith, Mark Chalon (11 March 1993). "Humor and Dignity Ease Pain of 'Pelle'". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 17 September 2016. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
- ^ Travers, Peter (16 January 1989). "Picks and Pans Review: Pelle the Conqueror". People, Vol. 31 No. 2. Archived from the original on 22 September 2016. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
- ^ Blair, Iain (9 August 1992). "With 'Best Intentions'". The Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on 14 December 2017. Retrieved 20 September 2016.
- ^ CM. "Pelle the Conqueror". Time Out. Archived from the original on 21 August 2015. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
- ^ "The Best 1,000 Movies Ever Made". The New York Times. 2004. Archived from the original on 29 March 2005. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
- ^ Lutton, Sarah (14 July 2016). "10 great Danish films". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 5 September 2016. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
- ^ Smith, Krista (February 2012). "Max von Sydow on Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close and His Secret Dream Project". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on 13 April 2016. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
- ^ Pelle the Conqueror at Rotten Tomatoes
- ^ a b "Festival de Cannes: Pelle the Conqueror". festival-cannes.com. Archived from the original on 10 September 2011. Retrieved 27 July 2009.
- ^ a b "The 61st Academy Awards (1989) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 20 August 2015.
- ^ Hjort 2007, p. 23.
- ^ Hammond, Pete (8 December 2011). "Oscars: Stellar Work By Veterans May Keep Upstarts Out Of Supporting Actor Race". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on 16 September 2016. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
- ^ "Film Not in the English Language in 1990". British Academy of Film and Television Arts. Archived from the original on 4 April 2016. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
- ^ "1988 Årets vindere". Bodil Prisen. Archived from the original on 13 October 2016. Retrieved 6 September 2016.
- ^ "Pelle Le Conquérant". AlloCiné. Archived from the original on 17 September 2016. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
- ^ "European Film Awards 1988". European Film Academy. Archived from the original on 22 December 2017. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
- ^ "Pelle The Conqueror". Golden Globe Awards. Archived from the original on 29 November 2019. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
- ^ "Pelle Erobreren (1987)". Swedish Film Institute. 15 March 2014. Archived from the original on 13 January 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2014.
- ^ "1988 Award Winners". National Board of Review. Archived from the original on 21 March 2015. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
- ^ "Tenth Annual Youth in Film Awards 1987-1988". Young Artist Awards. Archived from the original on 12 August 2016. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
Bibliography
edit- Elkington, Trevor Glen (2005). "Costumes, Adolescence, and Dogma". In Nestingen, Andrew K.; Elkington, Trevor Glen (eds.). Transnational Cinema in a Global North: Nordic Cinema in Transition. Detroit: Wayne State University Press. ISBN 0-8143-3243-9.
- Ettedgui, Peter (1999). Production Design & Art Direction. Focal Press. ISBN 0-240-80400-7.
- Hjort, Mette (21 November 2007). "I. Denmark". In Hjort, Mette; Petrie, Duncan J. (eds.). The Cinema of Small Nations. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-3092-9.
- Hjort, Mette (2010). "On the Plurality of Cinematic Transnationalism". In Durovicová, Nataša; Newman, Kathleen E. (eds.). World Cinemas, Transnational Perspectives. New York and London: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-86998-4.
