Philip Baker Hall

(Redirected from Phillip Baker Hall)

Philip Baker Hall (September 10, 1931 – June 12, 2022) was an American character actor. He is known for his collaborations with Paul Thomas Anderson, including Hard Eight (1996), Boogie Nights (1997), and Magnolia (1999). He also starred in leading roles in films, such as Secret Honor (1984) and Duck (2005). Hall had supporting roles in many films, including Midnight Run (1988), Say Anything... (1989), The Truman Show (1998), The Talented Mr. Ripley (1999), The Insider (1999), The Contender (2000), Bruce Almighty (2003), Dogville (2003), Zodiac (2007), 50/50 (2011), and Argo (2012). He received an Independent Spirit Award nomination for Best Male Lead for his role in Hard Eight and two Screen Actors Guild Award nominations for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble Cast in a Motion Picture for Boogie Nights and Magnolia.

Philip Baker Hall
Hall at the 2009 Tribeca Film Festival
Born(1931-09-10)September 10, 1931
DiedJune 12, 2022(2022-06-12) (aged 90)
Resting placeForest Lawn Memorial Park
OccupationActor
Years active1960–2021[1]
Spouses
Mary-Ella Holst
(m. 1955; div. 1966)
Dianne Lewis
(m. 1973; div. 1976)
Holly Wolfle
(m. 1988)
Children4

Hall is also known for his prolific work on television. His early television work included M*A*S*H, Murder, She Wrote, and Cheers. One of his most memorable television roles was as Lt. Joe Bookman, the "library cop", in Seinfeld.[2] He had recurring roles in The Practice, The West Wing, Curb Your Enthusiasm, Modern Family, and BoJack Horseman.

Early life

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Hall was born in Toledo, Ohio.[3][4] His mother was Alice Birdene (née McDonald), and his father, William Alexander Hall, was a factory worker from Montgomery, Alabama.[5][6] He attended the University of Toledo.[4] He served in Germany as a United States Army translator[7] and as a high school teacher.[8]

Career

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After his film debut Cowards,[9] he joined the Los Angeles Theatre Center.[1][9] His first television role came for an episode of Good Times.[9] Hall guest starred in episodes of M*A*S*H and Man from Atlantis.[10][11] He had over 200 guest roles since 1977. He played Richard Nixon in the one-character film Secret Honor and reprised his role he had created during the play's original Off-Broadway run.[12] Roger Ebert said about Hall and the film: "Nixon is portrayed by Philip Baker Hall, an actor previously unknown to me, with such savage intensity, such passion, such venom, such scandal, that we cannot turn away. Hall looks a little like the real Nixon; he could be a cousin, and he sounds a little like him. That's close enough. This is not an impersonation, it's a performance."[13] Vincent Canby of The New York Times also praised Hall's "immense performance, which is as astonishing and risky ― for the chances the actor takes and survives ― as that of the Oscar-winning F. Murray Abraham in Amadeus."[14]

In the 1980s, Hall co-starred in various films in supporting roles, including Nothing in Common (1986), Midnight Run (1988), Say Anything... and Ghostbusters II (both 1989). He played "Lt. Joe Bookman", a detective pursuing a long-overdue library book in the Seinfeld episodes, "The Library" and "The Finale".[9] His first Seinfeld appearance led him to be widely lauded as one of the best guest stars on the series, and led to many other jobs.[15]

Hall contributed an opening narration, a parody of the announcements one would hear on Magnetic Reference Laboratory's calibration tapes for analogue tape recorders, on 1000 Hurts, the 2000 album by Chicago post-punk band Shellac.

Hall starred in Paul Thomas Anderson's short film Cigarettes & Coffee, which was adapted into Anderson's directorial debut film Hard Eight (1996). For the film, Hall played a senior gambler who mentors a homeless man (John C. Reilly). Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times said about Hall, "Here is another great performance. He is a man who has been around, who knows casinos and gambling, who finds himself attached to three people he could easily have avoided, who thinks before he acts."[16] Hall was nominated for the Independent Spirit Award for Best Male Lead. He later starred in Anderson's other films Boogie Nights (1997) and Magnolia (1999). He was nominated for two Screen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture. Hall starred with Philip Seymour Hoffman in four films.[17]

Hall had turns in a variety of films in the 1990s, including The Rock, The Truman Show, The Talented Mr. Ripley, and The Insider. He co-starred in other films in the 2000s, including Dogville,[9] Zodiac, and Argo.[9] He played Captain Diel in the Rush Hour trilogy (though his scenes were cut from Rush Hour 2 and he was uncredited for the scene in Rush Hour 3).[9][17] Hall had prominent roles in Bruce Almighty, In Good Company, The Amityville Horror, The Matador, You Kill Me, All Good Things, 50/50,[18] and The Sum of All Fears.[9]

Hall starred in the sitcom The Loop.[9] He guest starred in the animated series The Life & Times of Tim. He played a physician in Curb Your Enthusiasm,[9] and appeared in Modern Family.[9] He appeared in an episode of The Newsroom and in a Holiday Inn commercial.[9] For the short film Dear Chickens, he won best actor at Los Angeles Short Festival and at Filmets Badalona Film Festival in Barcelona.[19][20]

Hall also undertook stage work in New York and Los Angeles, but did not appear on Broadway.[4]

Personal life and death

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Hall had two daughters, Patricia and Darcy, with his first wife, Mary-Ella Holst.[4][21] He later married Holly Wolfle, with whom he had two daughters, Adella and Anna.[1] He also had four grandchildren and a brother.[22]

Hall died of emphysema at his home in Glendale, California, on June 12, 2022, at the age of 90.[4][22]

Filmography

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Film

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Year Title Role Notes Ref.
1970 Cowards Father Reis [9][23]
1974 Throw Out the Anchor! Ryan Credited as "Phillip Hall" [24]
1978 Coma Doctor [25]
1980 The Man with Bogart's Face Dr. Inman [21]
1981 Dream On! [26]
1982 The Last Reunion Mike Sills [26]
1984 Secret Honor Richard Nixon [9][23][27]
1986 Nothing in Common Colonial Airlines Executive Uncredited [28]
1987 Three O'Clock High Detective Mulvahill [9]
1988 Midnight Run Sidney [4]
1989 Say Anything... IRS Boss [9][21]
How I Got into College Dean Patterson [24]
Ghostbusters II Police Commissioner [4]
An Innocent Man Judge Kenneth Lavet [4]
1991 Blue Desert Joe [4]
1992 Live Wire Senator Thyme [4]
1993 Cigarettes & Coffee Sydney Short film [9]
1994 The Last Laugh William T. [29]
1995 Kiss of Death Big Junior Brown [4]
1996 Eye for an Eye Sidney Hughes [4]
Hard Eight Sydney [9][4]
The Rock Chief Justice Uncredited [4]
The Little Death Detective Snyder [4]
Hit Me Lenny Ish AKA The Ice Cream Dimension [4]
1997 Buddy Minister [26]
Air Force One U.S. Attorney General Andrew Ward [4]
Boogie Nights Floyd Gondolli [9][4]
1998 Sour Grapes Mr. Bell [9][4]
The Truman Show Network Executive [4]
Judas Kiss Pobby Malavero [26]
Rush Hour Captain Diel [4][21]
Enemy of the State Mark Silverberg, Attorney Uncredited [4]
Prequel Vaughn [4]
Psycho Sheriff Chambers [4]
1999 Let the Devil Wear Black Sol Hirsch [4]
Cradle Will Rock Gray Mathers [4]
Implicated John Swayer [26]
The Insider Don Hewitt [9][4][27]
Magnolia Jimmy Gator [9][4][27]
The Talented Mr. Ripley Alvin MacCarron [4][21]
2000 Rules of Engagement General H. Lawrence Hodges [4]
The Contender Oscar Billings [4]
Lost Souls Father James [4][27]
2001 Rush Hour 2 Captain Diel Scenes deleted [27][9])
2002 The Sum of All Fears Defense Secretary David Becker [4][27]
A Gentleman's Game Charlie Logan [4]
2003 Die, Mommie, Die! Sol Sussman [4][27]
Dogville Tom Edison Sr. [9][4][27]
Bruce Almighty Jack Baylor [4]
A House on a Hill Harry Mayfield [4]
2004 In Good Company Eugene Kalb [4][21]
2005 The Matador Mr. Randy [4]
A Buck's Worth Voice; Short film [30]
Duck Arthur Pratt [4][27]
The Amityville Horror Father Callaway [4][27]
The Zodiac Chief Frank Perkins [9][4]
2006 The Shaggy Dog Lance Strictland [4][27]
The TV Set Vernon Maxwell [26]
Islander Popper [26]
2007 Zodiac Sherwood Morrill [9][4]
You Kill Me Roman Krzeminski [4]
Rush Hour 3 Captain William Diel Uncredited [9]
2009 The Lodger Captain Smith [4]
Fired Up! Coach Byrnes [4]
Wonderful World The Man [4][27]
2010 All Good Things Malvern Bump [26]
2011 The Chicago 8 Judge Julius Hoffman [9]
Mr. Popper's Penguins Franklin [4]
50/50 Alan Lombardo [4][21]
2012 Bending the Rules Herb Gold [26]
People Like Us Ike Rafferty [23]
Departure Date Old Jake [31]
Dog Eat Dog Old man Short film [32]
Argo CIA Director Stansfield Turner Uncredited [21]
2013 Bad Words Dr. William Bowman [27][26]
2014 Playing It Cool Granddad [26]
2017 Person to Person Jimmy [26]
The Last Word Edward [23][21][4]
2018 Dear Chickens Emil Short film [26]

Television

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Year Title Role Notes Ref.
1975 The Last Survivors Attorney Television film [9]
1975; 1978 Emergency! Oliver Warren / Dr. Scott 2 episodes [21]
1976 Good Times Motel Owner Episode: "J.J.'s Fiancee: Part 2" [9][21]
Mayday at 40,000 Feet! Reporter Television film [4]
1976–77 Visions Boyle / Severson 2 episodes [33]
1977 Man from Atlantis George Episode: "Man from Atlantis" [21]
The Hostage Heart Dr. Harvey Fess Television film [34]
Kill Me If You Can Phillips [34]
M*A*S*H Sergeant Hacker Episode: "The Light That Failed" [21]
1978 The Fitzpatricks Bertram Episode: "A Living Wage" [31]
The Bastard Shopkeeper Miniseries [4]
Terror Out of the Sky Starrett Television film [26]
1979 Samurai Professor Owens [24]
1980 The Waltons Major Gordon Episode: "The Furlough" [21]
The Night the Bridge Fell Down Warren Meech Television film [4]
It's a Living Man in Hotel Room Episode: "The Lois Affair" [35]
Riding for the Pony Express Mr. Durfee Television film [36][37]
1981 This House Possessed Clerk [38]
1982 McClain's Law Mr. Harris Episode: "Takeover" [39]
Quincy, M.E. Deputy DA Marty Shell
Captain Rasmussen
2 episodes [21]
Cagney & Lacey Lieutenant Sweeny Episode: "Hot Line" [21]
T. J. Hooker Judge Wallace Episode: "A Cry for Help" [21]
Seven Brides for Seven Brothers Prosecutor / Wilcox 2 episodes [39]
Games Mother Never Taught You Lester Greene Television film [40]
1984 Benson Harrison Fowler Episode: "The Election" [41]
Lottery! Episode: "Houston: Duffy's Choice" [42]
1985 Hardcastle and McCormick Jack Marsh Episode: "Too Rich and Too Thin" [43]
1986 Who Is Julia? Dean May Television film [31]
1987 Mariah James Malone 7 episodes [9][27][4]
The Spirit Sevrin Television film [4]
Miami Vice Judge DeLaporte Episode: "Contempt of Court" [21]
1988 Goddess of Love Detective Charles Television film [4]
Family Ties Dr. Harrison 3 episodes [21]
1989 A Cry for Help: The Tracey Thurman Story Judge Blumenfeld Television film [4]
Incident at Dark River Dr. Leo Manus Television film [4]
1989–90 Falcon Crest Ed Meyers 13 episodes [21]
1990 Matlock Judge Episode: "The Mother" [21]
Bagdad Cafe Herb Episode: "This Bird Has Flown" [44]
1991 Murder, She Wrote Len Costner Episode: "Moving Violation" [4][21]
L.A. Law Tom Baker Episode: "He's a Crowd" [21]
Equal Justice Judge S.E. Cleveland Episode: "Do the Wrong Thing" [45]
Dark Justice Winchester Keller Episode: "The Neutralizing Factor" [21]
1991–92 Civil Wars Judge Bianchi 3 episodes [21]
1991; 1998 Seinfeld Lt. Joe Bookman 2 episodes: "The Library" and "The Finale" [28]
1992 A Thousand Heroes Sam Gochenour Television film; AKA Crash Landing: The Rescue of Flight 232 [46]
Stormy Weathers Dr. Comden Television film [4]
Nurses Mr. Todd Episode: "Playing Doctor" [35]
1993 Cheers City Councilman Kevin Fogerty Episode: "Woody Gets an Election" [21]
Bob Jeweler Episode: "Have Yourself a Married Little Christmas" [4]
1994 M.A.N.T.I.S. "Smitty" Television film [4]
Empty Nest Jerod Episode: "Brotherly Shove" [4]
The Good Life Mr. Humphreys Episode: "Melissa the Thief" [47]
Roswell Roswell General Television film [35]
Madman of the People Kent Episode: "All Work and No Play Makes Jack a Mad Boy" [48]
Chicago Hope Mr. Wellington Episode: "You Gotta Have Heart" [21]
Hardball Beanball McGee Episode: "Lee's Bad, Bad Day" [49]
Without Warning Dr. Kurt Lowden Television film [26]
1996 Life's Work Judge Conklin Episode: "Contempt" [50]
The John Larroquette Show Mr. Frank Episode: "Napping to Success" [51][35]
1997 3rd Rock from the Sun President Dewey Episode: "Proud Dick" [45]
The Practice Judge Joseph Vinocour 4 episodes [21]
1997–98 Millennium Group Elder 2 episodes [9][52]
Michael Hayes William Vaughn 20 episodes [53][54]
1998 Tempting Fate Dr. Bardwell Television film [4]
Witness to the Mob Toddo Aurello Television film [4]
L.A. Doctors Vincent Cattano Episode: "Fear of Flying" [42]
1999 Partners Scarpatti Pilot [55]
2000 The Fugitive Stuart Kimble Episode: "St. Christopher's Prayer" [56]
Jackie Bouvier Kennedy Onassis Aristotle Onassis Television film [4]
2000; 2002 Baby Blues Mr. Thompson / Mr. Saunders Voice; 2 episodes [21]
2001 Pasadena George Reese Greeley 7 episodes [45]
Loomis "Big Jack" Caruso Unaired pilot [42]
2002 Path to War Everett Dirksen Television film [4]
Night Visions Dennis Brascom Episode: "Cargo/Switch" [4]
Without a Trace Noah Ridder Episode: "Silent Partner" [45]
2003 Everwood Dr. Donald Douglas 3 episodes [21]
2004 Monk Salvatore Lucarelli Episode: "Mr. Monk Meets the Godfather" [21]
Boston Legal Ernie Dell Episode: "Head Cases" [45]
The West Wing Senator Matt Hunt 2 episodes [21]
2004; 2009 Curb Your Enthusiasm Dr. Morrison 2 episodes [28]
2005 Mrs. Harris Arthur Schulte Television film [4]
2006–07 The Loop Russ 17 episodes [9]
2007 Big Love Ned Johanssen Episode: "Take Me as I Am" [45]
Wildlife Arnie Unaired pilot [57]
2008 Psych Irving Parker Episode: "Dis-Lodged" [26][45]
Worst Week Reverend Lowell 2 episodes [42]
2009 True Jackson, VP Mr. Jenkins Episode: "Flirting with Fame" [58]
2010 The Life & Times of Tim Norman Walker (voice) Episode: "London Calling/Novelist" [21]
Warren the Ape Dr. Ralph Schwartz Episode: "Rock Opera" [9]
2011–12 Modern Family Walt Kleezak 3 episodes [9]
2012 The Newsroom Bryce DeLancy Episode: "The 112th Congress" [9]
Childrens Hospital Josef Mengele Episode: "A Year in the Life" [9]
Ruth & Erica Harry 8 episodes [59]
2013 Clear History McKenzie Television film [60]
2014 Rake Mitch Markham Episode: "Remembrance of Taxis Past" [61]
Altman Himself Documentary [23][42]
2015 Madam Secretary Ezra Helsinger Episode: "The Necessary Art" [21]
BoJack Horseman Hank Hippopopalous Voice; 2 episodes [21]
2016 Second Chance Old Jimmy Pritchard 5 episodes [4]
2017 Room 104 Charlie Episode: "My Love" [4]
2018 Corporate Arthur Stockheed Episode: "Powerpoint of Death" [4]
2020 Messiah Zelman Katz Final role, 6 episodes [4]

Theatre

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Year Title Role Playwright Venue Ref.
1960 The Fantasticks Hucklebee Tom Jones Sullivan Street Playhouse, Off-Broadway [62]
1965 In White America Performer Martin Duberman Players Theatre, Off-Broadway [63]
1975 Gorky Gorky Steve Tesich American Place Theatre, Off-Broadway [64]
1979 The Chicago Conspiracy Trial Judge Hoffman Ron Sossi and Frank Condon Odyssey Theatre Ensemble, Los Angeles [65]
1983 In the Matter of J. Robert Oppenheimer Herbert S. Marks Heinar Kipphardt Odyssey Theatre Ensemble, Los Angeles [66]
Secret Honor Richard Nixon Donald Freed Provincetown Playhouse, Off-Broadway [67]
1990 The Crucible Thomas Danforth Arthur Miller Los Angeles Theatre Company [68]
1995 The Homecoming Max Harold Pinter Matrix Theatre, Los Angeles [69]
2000 American Buffalo Don David Mamet Donmar Warehouse, West End [70]
Linda Gross Theatre, Off-Broadway [71]

Accolades

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Year Award Category Nominated work Result Ref.
1996 Independent Spirit Award Best Male Lead Hard Eight Nominated [72]
1997 Screen Actors Guild Award Outstanding Cast – Motion Picture Boogie Nights Nominated [73]
Florida Film Critics Circle Best Ensemble Won [74]
1999 Screen Actors Guild Award Outstanding Cast – Motion Picture Magnolia Nominated [75]
Florida Film Critics Circle Best Ensemble Won [76]
2001 Broadcast Film Critics Association Alan J. Pakula Award The Contender Won [77]
2012 Hollywood Film Awards Best Ensemble Argo Won [78]

References

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  1. ^ a b c Cashill, Robert (March 20, 2000). "Buffalo Stance: Philip Baker Hall Takes Care of Business In Mamet Revival". Playbill. Retrieved April 29, 2015.
  2. ^ "Philip Baker Hall's One-Time Guest Spot on 'Seinfeld' Is Arguably Series' Greatest". The Hollywood Reporter. June 13, 2022. Retrieved June 14, 2022.
  3. ^ Film Review: July 2003. Indiana University. 2003. p. 18. "Philip Baker Hall 10.9.31"
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw Gates, Anita (June 13, 2022). "Philip Baker Hall, Actor Familiar as Authority Figures, Dies at 90". The New York Times. Retrieved June 20, 2022.
  5. ^ "3 Cancellations Hit Detroit Music Hall". Toledo Blade. October 29, 1975. Retrieved July 28, 2017.
  6. ^ "Philip Baker Hall (b. 1924)". Ohio Birth Index, 1908–2011. Archived from the original on January 9, 2016. Retrieved July 28, 2017. Philip Baker Hall was born on September 10, 1924 in Ohio. Philip was born to Alice Bindine Hall and William Alexander Hall.
  7. ^ Philip Baker Hall is your favorite actor whose name you can’t quite place. The Washington Post. Retrieved April 23, 2021.
  8. ^ Arkatov, Janice (August 1, 1988). "'Lovability' Plays No Part in Hall's Roles". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved June 13, 2022.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak Harris, Will (September 6, 2012). "Philip Baker Hall on The Chicago 8, Seinfeld, and Paul Thomas Anderson". The A.V. Club. Retrieved April 28, 2015.
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  32. ^ "DOG EAT DOG – Short Film". Melisa Myers.
  33. ^ "Visions (TV Series) (1976)" – via www.filmaffinity.com.
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  43. ^ "Hardcastle and McCormick - Too Rich and Too Thin - TheTVDB.com". thetvdb.com.
  44. ^ "Bagdad Cafe Character Guide – ShareTV". sharetv.com. Archived from the original on April 22, 2017.
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  46. ^ "Crash Landing: The Rescue of Flight 232 (1992)". BFI. Archived from the original on May 15, 2019.
  47. ^ "Contemporary Theatre, Film and Television: A Biographical Guide Featuring Performers, Directors, Writers, Producers, Designers, Managers, Choreographers, Technicians, Composers, Executives, Volume 53". silo.pub. December 14, 2009.
  48. ^ Todd. "In Memoriam: Sitcom Actor and Other Notable TV Deaths in 2012 – SitcomsOnline.com News Blog". blog.sitcomsonline.com.
  49. ^ "Hardball – Season 1 Episode 6 – Video Detective". October 16, 1994 – via www.videodetective.com.
  50. ^ "Contempt – Life's Work (Season 1, Episode 3) | Apple TV". Apple TV. October 1, 1996.
  51. ^ "The John Larroquette Show - Napping to Success - TheTVDB.com". thetvdb.com.
  52. ^ "The A.V. Club: Philip Baker Hall « EatTheCorn.com".
  53. ^ Dailly, Paul (June 13, 2022). "Philip Baker Hall Dies: Legendary Modern Family Actor Was 90". TV Fanatic.
  54. ^ Mitovich, Matt Webb (June 13, 2022). "Philip Baker Hall Dead at 90; Many TV Roles Included The Loop, Seinfeld".
  55. ^ "«Partners» (1999)" – via en.kinorium.com.
  56. ^ "The Fugitive – Season 1 Episode 7 – Video Detective". November 17, 2000 – via www.videodetective.com.
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  58. ^ "The New Kid (Flirting with Fame part 1) – True Jackson, VP (Season 2, Episode 2) | Apple TV". Apple TV. January 15, 2010.
  59. ^ "Ruth & Erica (TV Series)". Radio Times.
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  61. ^ Franklin, Garth (June 13, 2022). "R.I.P. Philip Baker Hall".
  62. ^ "The Fantasticks". IOBDB. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
  63. ^ "In White America". IOBDB. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
  64. ^ "Gorky". IOBDB. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
  65. ^ "The Chicago Conspiracy Trial at the Odyssey Theatre Ensemble". Abouttheartist. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
  66. ^ "In the Matter of J. Robert Oppenheimer". Abouttheartist. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
  67. ^ "Defending Your Life: Philip Baker Hall in Secret Honor". Criterion Collection. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
  68. ^ "STAGE REVIEW / OPEN FESTIVAL : LATC's 'Crucible': Scalding Vision of Ruin". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
  69. ^ "The Homecoming". Variety. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
  70. ^ "American Buffalo". Variety. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
  71. ^ "Extended Through May 21, Atlantic's American Buffalo Opens March 16". Playbill. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
  72. ^ "Duvall's "Apostle" Nabs Most Nominations for 13th Independent Spirit Awards". IndieWire. January 9, 1998. Retrieved June 14, 2022.
  73. ^ "4th Screen Actors Guild Awards". SAG Awards. Retrieved June 14, 2022.
  74. ^ "1997 FFCC Award Winners". Florida Film Critics Circle. Retrieved June 14, 2022.
  75. ^ "6th Screen Actors Guild Awards". SAG Awards. Retrieved June 14, 2022.
  76. ^ "1999 FFCC Award Winners". Florida Film Critics Circle. Retrieved June 14, 2022.
  77. ^ "Contender Earns Broadcast Critics' Honor". ABC News. January 5, 2001. Retrieved June 14, 2022.
  78. ^ Feinberg, Scott (October 3, 2012). "Hollywood Film Awards to Honor 'Argo' Cast (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved June 14, 2022.
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