Phyllomyias is a genus of small birds in the tyrant-flycatcher family Tyrannidae. They are found in wooded habitats of Central and South America. Some species are among the commonest birds in their range, while other are rare and threatened. They have a short, stubby bill, are greenish above, yellowish or whitish below, and all except the sooty-headed tyrannulet have pale wing-bars or edging. They feed on small arthropods and fruits. Most species regularly take part in mixed species flocks.
| Phyllomyias | |
|---|---|
| |
| Planalto tyrannulet (Phyllomyias fasciatus) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Tyrannidae |
| Genus: | Phyllomyias Cabanis & Heine, 1860 |
| Type species | |
| Platyrhynchus brevirostris Planalto tyrannulet Spix, 1825
| |
Taxonomy
editThe genus Phyllomyias was introduced in 1860 by the German ornithologists Jean Cabanis and Ferdinand Heine.[1] The genus name combines the Ancient Greek φυλλον/phullon meaning "leaf" with Modern Latin myias meaning "flycatcher".[2] The type species was subsequently designated in 1888 by Philip Sclater as Platyrhynchus brevirostris Spix, now a subspecies of the Planalto tyrannulet.[3][4]
Species
editThe genus formerly included more species. A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2020 found that the genus was paraphyletic.[5] In the rearrangement to create monophyletic genera three species were moved to the resurrected genus Tyranniscus and two species to the resurrected genus Acrochordopus.[6] The genus Phyllomyias now contains 9 species:[6]
| Image | Common Name | Scientific name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
 |
Greenish tyrannulet | Phyllomyias virescens | Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay |
 |
Reiser's tyrannulet | Phyllomyias reiseri | central Brazil and northern Paraguay |
| Urich's tyrannulet | Phyllomyias urichi | Venezuela | |
.jpg) |
Sclater's tyrannulet | Phyllomyias sclateri | Argentina, Bolivia, and Peru |
| Yungas tyrannulet | Phyllomyias weedeni | north-western Bolivia and far south-eastern Peru | |
.jpg) |
Planalto tyrannulet | Phyllomyias fasciatus | eastern Brazil, extreme north-eastern Bolivia, eastern Paraguay, and far north-eastern Argentina |
 |
Sooty-headed tyrannulet | Phyllomyias griseiceps | Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela |
 |
Plumbeous-crowned tyrannulet | Phyllomyias plumbeiceps | Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru |
 |
Grey-capped tyrannulet | Phyllomyias griseocapilla | Brazil |
References
edit- ^ Cabanis, Jean; Heine, Ferdinand (1859). Museum Heineanum : Verzeichniss der ornithologischen Sammlung des Oberamtmann Ferdinand Heine, auf Gut St. Burchard vor Halberstadt (in German). Vol. 2. Halberstadt: R. Frantz. p. 57.
- ^ Jobling, James A. "Phyllomyias". The Key to Scientific Names. Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Retrieved 17 November 2024.
- ^ Sclater, P.L. (1888). Catalogue of the Passeriformes or Perching Birds in the Collection of the British Museum. Oligomyodae or the families Tyrannidae, Oxyrhamphidae, Pipridae, Cotingidae, Phytotomidae, Philepittidae, Pittidae, Xenicidae, and Eurylaemidae. Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum. Vol. 14. London: Trustees of the British Museum. p. 121.
- ^ Traylor, Melvin A. Jr, ed. (1979). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 8. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 3.
- ^ Harvey, M.G.; et al. (2020). "The evolution of a tropical biodiversity hotspot". Science. 370 (6522): 1343–1348. doi:10.1126/science.aaz6970. A high resolution version of the phylogenetic tree in Figure 1 is available from the first author's website here.
- ^ a b Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (August 2024). "Tyrant flycatchers". IOC World Bird List Version 14.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 17 November 2024.
- Fitzpatrick, J. W. (2004). Genus Phyllomyias. pp. 259–262 in: del Hoyo, J., A. Elliott, & D. A. Christie. eds (2004), Handbook of the Birds of the World. Vol. 9. Cotigas to Pittas and Wagtails. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. ISBN 84-87334-69-5
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