This article lists political parties in Slovakia. Slovakia has a democratic multi-party system with numerous political parties, established after the fall of communism in 1989 and shaped into the present form with Slovakia's independence in 1993. Since 1989 there has been altogether 236 registered political parties in the country, 61 are active as of March 2012.[1]Today they have 58 active parties [2]
In the Slovak political system usually no one party has a chance of gaining power alone, and parties must work with each other to form coalition governments, an exception being the parliamentary elections in 2012.
Active political parties
editParties with representation in the National Council
edit| List | Parties | Leader | Ideology | Previous election | Current seats | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes (%) | Seats | |||||||
| SMER–SD | List
|
Robert Fico | Left-wing populism Social conservatism |
42 / 150
|
41 / 150
| |||
| PS | List
|
Michal Šimečka | Social liberalism Pro-Europeanism |
32 / 150
|
33 / 150
| |||
| HLAS–SD | List
|
Matúš Šutaj Eštok | Social democracy Pro-Europeanism |
27 / 150
|
27 / 150
| |||
| Slovakia | List
|
Igor Matovič | Conservatism Populism |
16 / 150
|
14 / 150
| |||
| KDH | List |
Milan Majerský | Christian democracy Pro-Europeanism |
12 / 150
|
11 / 150
| |||
| SaS | List
|
Branislav Gröhling | Classical liberalism Libertarianism |
11 / 150
|
11 / 150
| |||
| SNS | List
|
Andrej Danko | National conservativism Right-wing populism |
10 / 150
|
8 / 150
| |||
Extra-parliamentary parties
edit| Name | Founded | Leader | Misc. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Change from Below | 2000 | Ján Budaj | |
| Common Citizens of Slovakia | 2023 | Tibor Hanuliak | |
| Common Sense | 2013 | Ján Baránek | From 2013 to 2024 it was named The Magnificent 7 Is the Way. |
| Communist Party of Slovakia | 1991 | Jozef Hrdlička | The party has not been represented in parliament since 2006 |
| Dawn | 2005 | Luciana Hoptová | The party split from the Communist Party of Slovakia |
| Democrats | 2018 | Eduard Heger | Until 2023 it was named TOGETHER – Civic Democracy. |
| Democrats of Slovakia | 2005 | Ľudovít Kaník | Until 2015 was named Prosperity of Slovakia. |
| Forum | 2019 | Zsolt Simon | From 2019 to 2024 it was named Hungarian Forum. |
| Home National Party | 2005 | Pavol Slota | |
| Hungarian Alliance | 2019 | Krisztián Forró | From 2019 to 2021 it was named Hungarian Community Togetherness. From 2021 to 2023 it was named Alliance. |
| Let's try another way | 2019 | Veronika Gajdošová Ladňáková | In 2019 the party was named To the right. Until 2022 the party was named The voice of the right. |
| Life - National Party | 2019 | Tomáš Taraba | |
| Mayors and Independent Candidates | 2009 | František Gőgh | From 2011 to 2014 it was named Party +1 Vote |
| Most-Híd 2023 | 2004 | László Sólymos | From 2004 to 2011 it was named Regions Party of Slovakia. From 2011 to 2013 it was named Party of Entrepreneurs of Slovakia. From 2013 to 2023 it was named Hungarian Christian Democratic Alliance. |
| Movement Citizen Nation Justice | 2014 | Ivan Stanovič | The party was named JEDNOTA - the left-wing party of Slovakia. |
| MySlovakia | 2015 | Štefan Panenka | From 2015 to 2019 it was named Slovak Civic Coalition. From 2019 to 2023 it was named SOLIDARITY – Working Poverty Movement. |
| Nation and Justice – Our Party | 2011 | Anna Belousovová | The party split from Slovak National Party (SNS), until 2011 it was named Nation and Justice. |
| National Coalition / Independent Candidates | 2010 | Rudolf Huliak | From 2010 to 2013 the party was named Paliho Kapurková, Cheerful Political Party |
| ODS – Civic Democrats of Slovakia | 2014 | Pavel Macko | Until 2022 the party was named Trebiš's Voice. |
| Party of Modern Slovakia | 2008 | Milan Urbáni | The party split from the Movement for a Democratic Slovakia |
| Party of municipalities and cities - I AM SLOVAKIA | 2022 | Jozef Krúpa | |
| Party of the Roma Coalition | 2009 | Gejza Adam | |
| Patriotic Bloc | 2014 | Ivan Stanovič | Until 2022 it was named JEDNOTA – The left-wing party of Slovakia. |
| People's Party Fortress Slovakia | 1995 | Martin Beluský | Until 2017 it was named People's Party. |
| People's Party Our Slovakia | 2010 | Marian Kotleba | |
| Pirate Party Slovakia | 2010 | Michal Pírek | Until 2015 it was named Our Region. |
| Principle | 2010 | Atila Géňa | Until 2016 it was named Party of the Roma Union in Slovakia |
| Republic Movement | 2021 | Milan Uhrík | |
| Slovak Democratic and Christian Union – Democratic Party | 2000 | Milan Roman | |
| Slovak PATRIOT | 2021 | Miroslav Radačovský | |
| Slovak Revival Movement | 2004 | Róbert Švec | |
| Srdce - Slovak National Unity - the party of patriots | 1991 | Vladimír Zeman | Until 2014 the party was named Slovak National Unityx |
| Slovak People's Party Andrej Hlinka | 1990 | Jozef Sásik | From 1994 to 1995 the party was named SĽS - Slovak People's Bloc |
| Socialisti.sk | 2019 | Artur Bekmatov | |
| The Blues – ES | 2023 | Mikuláš Dzurinda | |
| The work of the Slovak nation | 2010 | Roman Stopka | Until 2013 the party was named Slovak Democratic Alliance. From 2013 to 2016 the party was named HLAS - Democratic Alliance of Slovakia. |
| Union of the Slovak Self-Employed | 2004 | Vladimír Krivjaník | |
| United Slovak National Party | 2003 | Peter Lisý | Until 2004 the party was named Unitary Slovak National Party |
| We Are Family | 2015 | Boris Kollár |
Inactive and defunct political parties
editParties in liquidation
editThere are dozens of political parties currently in the process of being liquidated.
Defunct parties (1989 – present)
edit- 99 Percent – Civic Voice - founded in 2011. Dissolved in 2023.
- Agrarian Countryside Party (Agrárna Strana Vidieka) - founded in 2003. Dissolved in 2022.
- Alliance of the New Citizen (Aliancia nového občana) – founded in 2001, government participation between 2002–05, extra-parliamentary since 2006, inactive in the late-2000s, legally succeeded by the 'Free Word Party of Nora Mojsejová' in 2011 and IDEA since 2013
- Christian People's Party (Kresťanská ľudová strana, KLS) - founded in 1998. Dissolved in 2018.
- Civic Democratic Union (Občianska demokratická únia) - arose in 1991, its members are now in the Democratic Party and the small Civic Conservative Party (Občianska konzervatívna strana)
- Civic Liberals (Občianski liberáli) - founded in 2004. Dissolved in 2020.
- Conservative Democrats of Slovakia (Konzervatívni demokrati Slovenska) - Dissolved in 2014.
- Democratic Party (Demokratická Strana)- founded in 2006. Until 2007 it was named Democratic Party Slovakia. Dissolved in 2024.
- Democratic Union (Demokratická únia) - in the government between 1998 and 2002, now part of the Slovak Democratic and Christian Union
- Direct Democracy (Priama Demokracia) - founded in 2008. Until 2013 it was named New Slovak Alternative, Civic-Liberal Party. Dissolved in 2022.
- European Democratic Party (Európska Demokratická Strana) - founded in 2006. Dissolved in 2019.
- Good Choice - Founded in 2019. Merged with Voice – Social Democracy in 2023.
- Green Party (Strana zelených) - Dissolved in 2022.
- Greens - Party of National Prosperity - founded in 1990. Leader was Rudolf Pardubský. Until 2006 the party was named Party of National Prosperity. Dissolved in 2017.
- Green Wave (Zelená vlna) - founded in 2009 as AZEN – Alliance for Europe of Nations. Dissolved in 2017.
- Homeland (VLASŤ) - founded in 2011. Until 2019 it was named Civic Party TODAY. Dissolved in 2021.
- Labor Party (Strana práce) - founded in 1991. The party was active only in Košice and surrounding areas. Dissolved in 2022.
- Law and Justice (Právo a spravodlivosť) - founded in 2011. Leader was Peter Puškár. Dissolved in 2017.
- Left Bloc (Ľavicový blok) - merged into Direction - Social Democracy in 2007/2008
- Liberal Party - Formerly People's Union, the party split from the Movement for a Democratic Slovakia (HZDS) in 2003. Dissolved in 2021.
- Magnificat Slovakia - founded in 2012. Leader was Anton Selecký. The party is affiliated with the Christian NGO OZ Magnificat Slovakia. Dissolved in 2016.
- Modern Slovak Society (Slovenská moderná spoločnosť) - founded in 2001 as Independent Party of the Unemployed. Dissolved in 2017.
- Most-Híd - merged into Alliance (Slovak political party) in 2021.
- New Democracy (Nová Demokracia) - The party split from the Movement for a Democratic Slovakia in 2009. Leader was Tibor Mikuš. Dissolved in 2016.
- Ordinary People˙ (Obyčajní ľudia) - founded in 2005. Leader was Víťazoslav Moric.
- Party of Civic Understanding (Strana občianskeho porozumenia, SOP) - in the government between 1998 and 2002
- Party of the Democratic Left (Strana demokratickej ľavice) - before 2002, arose in 1990 from the Communist Party of Slovakia
- Party of the Democratic Left (Strana demokratickej ľavice, SDĽ) - Dissolved in 2015.
- Party of the Hungarian Community - merged into Alliance (Slovak political party) in 2021.
- Party of Patriots (Strana patriotov) - founded in 2010. Dissolved in 2018.
- Public against Violence (Verejnosť proti násiliu) - the first party after the fall of the Communists in late 1989, ceased in 1991, split into the Movement for a Democratic Slovakia (HZDS) and the Civic Democratic Union (Občianska demokratická únia, ODU).
- Resistance - Labor Party (VZDOR – strana práce) - founded in 2014. The party was member of ICOR. From 2011 to 2014 it was named Freedom. Merged into Socialists.sk in 2022.
- Roma initiative of Slovakia (Rómska iniciatíva Slovenska) - founded in 1996. Until 2000 the party was named Roma Intelligence for Co-Habitation in the Slovak Republic. Dissolved in 2022.
- Slovak Conservative Party (Slovenská konzervatívna strana) - founded in 2014 as Network. In 2021 merged into Christian Democratic Movement. Dissolved in 2022.
- Slovak Democratic Coalition (Slovenská demokratická koalícia) - in existence from 1997 (as a coalition) / 1998 (as a party) to (?)2001, in the government from 1998 to 2001
- Slovak Green Party (Strana zelených Slovenska) - Dissolved in 2022.
- Slovak league (Slovenská liga) - founded in 2005 as Socialists. From 2005 to 2011 it was named Party of Civil Solidarity. From 2011 to 2019 it was named New Parliament. Dissolved in 2022.
- Social Democratic Alternative (Sociálnodemokratická alternatíva)
- Social Democratic Party of Slovakia (Sociálnodemokratická strana Slovenska) - arose in 1990, see also Alexander Dubček
- True Slovak National Party (Pravá Slovenská národná strana) - Founded by Ján Slota in 2001 after being forced out of the Slovak National Party (SNS) by Anna Belousovová (at that time called Anna Malíková), the two parties re-merged in 2005 after both failing to get seats in the Parliament.
- Union of the Workers of Slovakia (druženie robotníkov Slovenska) - Founded by Ján Ľupták in 1994 after split from the Party of the Democratic Left (SDĽ) by Peter Weiss. Part of the government between 1994 and 1998, the party dissolved in November 2017.
- United Slovakia (Jednotné Slovensko) - founded in 2000. Dissloved in 2018.
- We are Doing It for the Children - Free Forum - Dissolved in 2016.
- We Have Had Enough! (Máme toho dosť!) - Dissolved in 2022.
Political parties in Slovakia (1948–1989)
edit- Communist Party of Slovakia (1939) - leading force between 1948 and 1989
- Party of Slovak Revival (Strana slovenskej obrody) - arose in 1948 from the Democratic Party (see above, see also National Front (Czechoslovakia)), ceased in late 1989 when the new Democratic Party was founded (see above)
Political parties in Slovakia (1945–1948)
edit- Democratic Party (Demokratická strana) - an important party between 1944 and 1948, a new DS arose in 1989, since January 2006 part of the Slovak Democratic and Christian Union - Democratic Party
- Freedom Party (Strana slobody) - Christian Republican party led by Vavro Šrobár.
- Labour Party (Strana práce) - formed by Social Democrats who opposed cooperation with the Communist Party.
See also
editNotes
editReferences
edit- ^ "Register of Parties". Archived from the original on 12 July 2012.
- ^ https://ives.minv.sk/rez/registre/pages/list.aspx?type=ps [bare URL]