The Port of Fernandina is located on Florida's Atlantic coast.[3] It is used for terminal service for pulp and paper as well as steel exports, machinery, auto parts, chemicals, beverages, chemicals, building materials and food products. Container lines from the port serve routes to Colombia, Venezuela, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Aruba, Curaçao and Bermuda.[3]
| Fernandina | |
|---|---|
 Click on the map for a fullscreen view | |
| Location | |
| Country | United States |
| Location | Nassau County, Florida |
| Coordinates | 30°40′52″N 81°27′44″W / 30.68111°N 81.46222°W |
| UN/LOCODE | USFEB[1] |
| Details | |
| Operated by | Ocean Highway & Port Authority of Nassau County[2] |
| Owned by | Nassau County, FL |
| Type of harbour | Natural/Artificial |
| No. of berths | 3[2] |
| Draft depth | 36 ft.[2] |
A deepwater port on Amelia Island has been used by traders and as a base for combatants going back several hundred years.
History
editThe area's ports have been used by explorers and traders.
Fort San Carlos was built by Spaniards to defend the town and port area. On March 16, 1812 nine American gunboats under the command of Commodore Hugh Campbell formed a line in the harbor and aimed their guns at the town.[4][5] General Mathews, who was ensconced at Point Peter on the St. Marys in Georgia, ordered Colonel Lodowick Ashley to send a flag to Don Justo Lopez,[6] commandant of the fort and Amelia Island, and demand his surrender. Lopez acknowledged the superior force and surrendered the port of Fernandina and the town. John H. McIntosh, George J. F. Clarke, Justo Lopez, and others signed the articles of capitulation;[7] the Patriots then raised their own standard at the flagstaff of the fort. The next day, March 17, a detachment of 250 regular United States troops were brought over from Point Peter, and the newly constituted Patriot government surrendered the town to General Matthews, who ordered the stars and stripes of the US flag raised immediately.[8]
General Mathews and President Madison had conceived a plan to annex East Florida to the United States, but Congress became alarmed at the possibility of being drawn into war with Spain, and the effort fell apart when Secretary of State James Monroe was forced to relieve Matthews of his commission. Negotiations for the withdrawal of US troops began early in 1813. On May 6, the army lowered the flag at Fernandina and crossed the St. Marys River to Georgia with the remaining troops.[9] Spain took possession of the redoubt and regained control of the island. The Spanish completed construction of the new Fort San Carlos to guard the port side of Fernandina in 1816. Louis-Michel Aury left Texas in 1817 to assist the Scottish adventurer Gregor MacGregor, self-styled "Brigadier-General of the United Provinces of the New Granada and Venezuela and General-in-Chief of the armies of the two Floridas", in attacking Spanish Florida from Amelia Island. MacGregor left the island on September 4, and Aury sailed into the Port of Fernandina[10] Following negotiations with MacGregor's lieutenants, Ruggles Hubbard and Jared Irwin, Amelia Island was dubiously annexed to the Republic of Mexico on September 21, 1817, and its flag raised over Fort San Carlos.[11] Aury surrendered the island to U.S. forces on December 23, 1817.[12]
HMS Sappho was active in the port.
George J. F. Clarke moved his family to the port area on Amelia Island to take advantage of economic opportunities.
David Levy Yulee developed the Florida Railroad's eastern terminus at a port in Fernandina on Amelia Island.
Solicito Salvador (originally Salvadore Sollecito) (1869–1924) had a layover as a merchant seaman aboard an Italian freighter in the port during a hurricane and went on to help develop the area's shrimp industry.[13] He is listed as a Great Floridian.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "UNLOCODE (US) - UNITED STATES". service.unece.org. Retrieved 23 September 2020.
- ^ a b c "Port of Fernandina, U.S.A." www.findaport.com. Shipping Guides Ltd. Retrieved 23 September 2020.
- ^ a b "Port of Fernandina". Florida Seaports. Florida Ports Council. Archived from the original on 4 December 2013.
- ^ Congressional edition 1858, p.45
- ^ David S. Heidler; Jeanne T. Heidler (2004). Encyclopedia of the War Of 1812. Naval Institute Press. p. 330. ISBN 978-1-59114-362-8. Retrieved 25 April 2013.
- ^ John Lee Williams (1837). The Territory of Florida: Or Sketches of the Topography, Civil and Natural History, of the Country, the Climate, and the Indian Tribes, from the First Discovery to the Present Time. A. T. Goodrich. p. 194. Retrieved 25 April 2013.
- ^ Williams 1837, p. 195
- ^ United States. Congress (1858). "Robert Harrison". Congressional edition. U.S. G.P.O. p. 45. Retrieved 26 April 2013.
- ^ T. Frederick Davis (1930). United States Troops in Spanish East Florida, 1812-1813. Part 5. Florida Historical Society. p. 34. Retrieved 25 April 2013.
- ^ Great Britain. Foreign and Commonwealth Office (1837). British and foreign state papers. H.M.S.O. p. 771. Retrieved 4 May 2013.
- ^ Frank Lawrence Owsley (1997). Filibusters and Expansionists: Jeffersonian Manifest Destiny in the Spanish Gulf South. University of Alabama Press. p. 138. ISBN 978-0-8173-0880-3. Retrieved 17 July 2013.
- ^ Foreign and Commonwealth Office 1837, p. 773
- ^ [1] [dead link]