Roger Federer and Rafael Nadal are professional tennis players engaged in a storied rivalry, which many consider the greatest in the game's history. Their first match was in 2004
Federer and Nadal are the only pair of men to have finished six consecutive calendar years as the top two ranked players on the ATP Tour, from 2005–2010. Federer was ranked No. 1 for a record 237 consecutive weeks beginning in February 2004. Nadal, who is four years and ten months younger, ascended to No. 2 in July 2005 and held this spot for a record 160 consecutive weeks before surpassing Federer in August 2008. Federer regained the No. 1 ranking in June 2009, due in part to Nadal's injury hiatus, which also caused Nadal to briefly fall to No. 3. Nadal returned to No. 2 in September but dropped two spots in February 2010, and regained the World No. 2 after winning the Mutua Madrileña Madrid Open in May 2010 (against Federer in the final). After winning the 2010 French Open, Nadal regained the No. 1 position again.
Nadal leads their overall head-to-head series 23–10. Because tournament seedings are based on rankings, 20 of their matches have been in tournament finals, including an all-time record 7 Grand Slam finals. From 2006 to 2008 they played in every French Open and Wimbledon final, and then they met in the 2009 Australian Open final. Nadal won five of the seven, losing the first two Wimbledons. Three of these matches lasted five sets (2007 and 2008 Wimbledon, 2009 Australian Open), and the 2008 Wimbledon final—which Nadal won—has been lauded as the greatest match ever by many long-time tennis analysts. They have also played in a record 9 Masters Series finals, including their lone five hour match at the 2006 Rome Masters which Nadal won in a fifth-set tiebreak.