This is a list of dishes in Hawaiian cuisine, which includes Native Hawaiian cuisine and the broader fusion cuisine of Hawaii. The cuisine of Hawaii refers to the indigenous, ethnic, and local cuisines within the diverse state of Hawaii.
Meals
editBreakfast
edit- Portuguese sausage and/or SPAM, eggs and rice is a common breakfast, so much so that it is featured item at places like fast food restaurants like McDonald's and Burger King.[1][2]
Entrees and combos
edit- Plate lunch
- Mixed plate (plate lunch with two types of protein)
- Okazuya
- Loco moco
- Poke
- Musubi, popularly SPAM, and Göteborg musubi on the island of Kauai[3]
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Tako (octopus) poke -
Desserts
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- Cakes: chantilly, Dobash, guava/rainbow chiffon once a perennial favorite at birthday parties for over 40 years years,[4] haupia
- Dole Whip—though not invented in the islands, Dole and pineapples are associated with Hawaii[5]
- Guri-guri—a sherbet originating from Maui via Japan[6]
- Haupia—a standalone dessert, or coconut flavoring accompaniment to others
- Hawaiian shave ice also known as "ice shave" in other parts of the state[7]
- Kōʻelepālau — Pudding of mashed sweet potato mixed with coconut milk
- Kūlolo—a distant Austronesian relative of the dodol using taro and coconut milk
- Piele — Kūlolo-like dessert made with sweet potato or breadfruit
- Lilikoi bar — local variation of the lemon bar
- Mochi, including butter mochi—a favorite omiyage[8]
- Pies: custard, pumpkin, pumpkin-custard, haupia, chocolate haupia, okinawan sweet potato haupia[9]
- Pumpkin crunch — A variation on the "pumpkin (pie) dump cake" popularized by Sam Choy, often served chilled as a dessert bar.[10]
Breads and pastries
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- Andagi—popular at pop up shops during festivals like Obon[11]
- Anpan
- Apple turnover—made popular by Zippy's as "Apple Napples"[12]
- Banana bread
- Blondies—made popular by Kamehameha Schools called "haole brownies"[13]
- Bok tong go—generically known as "(Chinese steamed) rice cake," a classic item sold by the manapua man; a multiple layered version similar to kue lapis with a brown sugar top layer also exist[14]
- Chinese almond biscuit—simple known as "almond cookie
- Chinese shortbread—or "kong sui ban" a very tender Chinese biscuit whose texture is between a cookie and a cake, often paired with hot tea[15]
- Chinese style bakery buns such as hot dog and ham & cheese
- Chocolate chip cookies and shortbread made with the addition of macadamia nuts
- Coco puffs—a popular cream puff made by Liliha Bakery typically filled with a chocolate pudding and topped with chantilly frosting[16]
- Jindui—a staple during Chinese New Year but eaten throughout the year
- Lavash (or "lavosh") glamourized in the 1960s as a high end alternative to toast[17]
- Malasada—a traditional staple on Mardi Gras but popular throughout the year. Modern recipes have it coated with cinnamon sugar and/or filled with various jams and creams like guava, haupia, or custard[18][19]
- Manapua—A local iteration of the char siu bao often 2-3 times larger than those found in dim sum restaurants. Popular fillings also include a whole lup cheong sausage, sweet potato, kalua pig, and sometimes is baked made popular by the Royal Kitchen in Chinatown in the 1970s[20]
- Manju—a favorite omiyage for travelers leaving Maui[21][8]
- Molokai "hot bread"—a well-known export of Molokai that Anthony Bourdain featured it and was even a semifinalist for the renowned James Beard Foundation Award for Outstanding Baker[22][23]
- Moon cakes—another favorite during the Chinese Mid-Autumn Festival where local flavors are sometimes incorporated like mango and taro.[24]
- Nian gao—(simply known as "gau") a staple of Chinese New Year sold at many Chinese and non-Chinese shops or made in bulk by local households to share with other families[25]
- Poi donuts/ malasadas, mochi
- Portuguese sweet bread or "Hawaiian sweet rolls" outside of Hawaii[26]
- Spanish rolls—a favorite staple to share in the office to go with coffee[27]
- Snow puffies - A variation of the Napoleon pastry
Dairy
editDrinks & Beverages
edit- ‘Awa
- Blue Hawaii
- Coffee - Kona coffee being the most well-known, but is also cultivated throughout the islands[28]
- Guava nectar
- Hawaiian Punch
- Liliko'i nectar
- Mai Tai
- Māmaki herbal tea
- ʻŌkolehao or oke[29]
- Passion fruit-Orange-Guava (POG)[30]
- Pineapple juice
- Tea - Introduced in the late 1800s. Farmers re-explored the idea of commercial tea farming in the 1980s. Hawaii’s local USDA office, along with University of Hawaii’s College of Tropical Agriculture, aided in research and helped to establish cultivars. Today there are approximately two dozen tea farms in Hawaii.[31][32]
- Tiki bar
- ʻUala ʻawaʻawa - made from poi of ʻuala that was left to ferment into alcohol[33][34]
Fruit and vegetables
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- Avocado
- Banana
- Bittermelon
- Breadfruit
- Carambola or "star fruit"
- Cassava
- Chico
- Chili peppers
- Coconut
- Corn
- Curuba
- Custard apple
- Daikon
- Dragon fruit
- Fig
- Fiddlehead fern
- Grape
- Guava
- Herbs
- Lemon
- Lettuce
- Lime
- Longan
- Lychee
- Mango
- Mangosteen
- Marungay
- Mountain apple not to be confused with rose apple
- 'Ōhelo berries
- Maui onion
- Orange
- Papaya
- Passion fruit known as liliko'i (or lilikoi)
- Persimmon
- Poha
- Pineapple
- Pomelo known widely as jabong
- Rice - Although no longer widely cultivated, it was an important crop in the mid-1800s, it's importance sometimes replaced taro paddies [36]
- Soursop
- Squash and melons, including watermelon
- Strawberry
- Surinam Cherry
- Sweet potato or ʻuala from cultivars introduced via ancient Polynesian voyages; and contemporary introductions like Okinawan[37]
- Tamarind
- Taro
- Watercress
- Winged bean
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-
-
Lychee, introduced to Hawaii about 100 years ago
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Vegetable proteins and dishes
edit- Banchan or tsukemono, side dishes including pickles
- Bean paste (confectionary) such as Japanese anko for manjū, or Chinese "black sugar" for jindui
- Champuru
- Chop suey
- Congee - Chinese jook, Filipino arroz caldo, Korean juk, Vietnamese chao
- Jai popular during Chinese New Year
- Miso
- Palusami
- Palula - Leaves of the sweet potato could be used as or along with taro leaves[38]
- Pickles including unripe mangoes, sweet onions, edible seaweed (limu or ogo), radishes for đồ chua and takuwan or danmuji, namasu and various kimchi
- Pinakbet
- Sari-sari - Filipino-inspired vegetable soup
- Tofu
- Watercress soup - common at traditional Hawaiian food restaurants
- ʻUala hoʻomalamala - Prepared like poi but with sweet potatoes[39]
Seasonings & Condiments
edit- Fermented bean products such as douchi, doubanjiang, gochujang, and miso
- Fina'denne'
- Fish sauce - including patis or nam pla
- Fish paste - such as bagoong monamon
- Shrimp paste - such as bagoong alamang or haam ha
- Furikake
- "Hawaiian" chili pepper and "chili pepper water"
- Chili paste similar to sambal or sriracha
- Chili powder like shichimi or gochugaru
- Chili oil including chili crisp and layu
- Curry (Japanese) powder or roux blocks
- Ginger scallion sauce - called geung yeung, traditionally served with cold ginger chicken, but now also being used as a dressing for fish in poke[40]
- Honey from macadamia and ohia lehua blossoms
- Hoisin
- ʻInamona
- Kalbi marinade
- Kiawe (mesquite) charcoal
- Mayonnaise
- Mirin
- Mandoo dipping sauce for mandoo and meat jun
- Chinese hot mustard sometimes made with Colman's powdered mustard hydrated with vinegar (or water) and often mixed with soy sauce and/or chili paste for dipping Chinese dim sum dishes, or sashimi (as an alternative to soy sauce and wasabi)[41]
- Oyster sauce
- Salt or paʻakai, most famously alaea salt
- Sweet onions, raw
- Liliko'i butter - Fruit curd made with passion fruit[42]
- Ponzu
- Sesame oil
- Soy sauce, categorically known as shoyu
- Tabasco sauce
- Taegu - A combination of gochujang, gochugaru, soy sauce and sesame oil
- Tonkatsu sauce
- Tsuyu dipping sauce, for noodles hot or cold
- Wasabi or imitations made with horseradish
- Umeboshi
- Vinegar - Popular styles include apple cider vinegar and rice vinegar
Meats
editBeef
edit
- Chili frank, chili with whole hot dogs (served with rice)
- Beef stew
- Bulgogi
- Canned corned beef
- Corned beef hash - normally shaped into patties
- Hamburger curry stew
- Hot dogs are simply boiled, pan fried, grilled or simmered in a sweetened soy sauce "shoyu dogs" and served with rice
- Kalbi shortribs
- Loco Moco
- Meat jun - a jeon typically made with thin slices of beef sometimes marinated before dipping in egg/egg batter before pan frying[43]
- Pho
- Pipikaula ("beef rope"), a salted and dried beef that resembles beef jerky
- Sukiyaki
- Teriyaki beef
- Teriyaki burgers - a common item at local burger joints, the McTeri is a favorite and seasonal item found at McDonald's[44]
- Teriyaki meatballs
Chicken
edit- Siu mei dishes: cold ginger chicken, roast duck
- Fried: Chicken katsu, karaage, Korean fried chicken, garlic chicken, "mochiko" chicken
- Grilled: Huli-huli chicken, teriyaki, Korean barbeque
- Stews: chicken adobo, chicken luau stew, Chinese soy sauce chicken, Japanese shoyu chicken, chicken papaya, chicken long rice, nishime
Fish
edit- Abalone
- Bacalhau
- Butterfish (black cod)
- Kamaboko
- Lomi oio
- Lomi-lomi salmon
- Poke
- Sakura-boshi—yellow-fin tuna jerky[45]
- Sashimi
- Shrimp tempura
- Squid lu'au
Pork
edit
- Adobo
- Cantonese dim sum influenced dishes such as char siu manapua, fun guo is known as "pepeiao" (meaning "ear" in Hawaiian),[46] gok jai or "half moon", pork hash are a normally twice as large than the usual shumai, and "ma tai su" a baked pork and water chestnut pastry[47]
- Crispy gau gee - (kau gee) deep fried dumplings but simply shaped by folding wrapper in half into rectangles or triangles[48][49]
- Kalua pig
- Laulau
- Lechon
- Portuguese sausage
- Lumpia
- Lūʻau stew
- Musubi
- Pasteles
- Pastele stew
- Pork guisantes
- Rafute
- Siu mei, Cantonese roasted pork including, char siu, siu yuk
- Won ton
- Vinha d'alhos
Noodles/Pasta
edit- Cake noodles - a serving of chow mein noodles are fried until the outside is crispy, while the inside remains al dente and then cut into squares. It is usually topped with gravied/saucy dishes like beef and broccoli[50]
- Chicken long rice
- Chow fun
- Chow mein
- Look fun
- Pancit
- Saimin, fried saimin
- Yakisoba
Rice
edit- Bibimbap
- Steamed rice
- Fried rice
- Mochi rice
- Musubi
- Futomaki - simply known as "maki" classic fillings include strips of cucumber, par cooked carrots, tamagoyaki, kampyo, and colored powdered dried shrimp "hana ebi"
- Inarizushi - simply known as "inari" or by its larger local variation "cone sushi"
Snacks and candies
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- Arare (or interchangbly as "kakimochi") and senbei
- Coconut balls
- Crack seed such as dried or preserved (wet) lemons, plums, and mangoes
- Dried squid or cuttlefish
- Haw flakes
- "Hurricane" popcorn - popcorn tossed with arare and/or furikake
- Li hing mui (powdered) covered gummy candies and dried fruits
- Macadamia nuts and chocolate covered macadamia nuts
- Maui-style potato chips[51]
- Sesame seed candy
- Shortbread
- Shrimp chip
- Taegu - sometimes made with dried codfish and sold alongside poke in the seafood sections of local grocery store, but often made with dried squid/cuttlefish in households[52]
- One-Ton chips (fried wonton strips)[53]
Soups
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- Oxtail soup
- Saimin
- Portuguese bean soup (sopa de feijao)
- Ashitibichi—Okinawan pig's feet soup[54]
- Wonton mein
Specialty products
editStarch dishes
edit
- Macaroni salad
- Poi
- Potato mac salad[55]
- Polynesian arrowroot
See also
edit
Notes
edit- ^ The Great Portuguese Sausage Shootout. The Tasty Island: Honolulu Food Blog. Retrieved 4 May 2008. "The Great Portuguese Sausage Shootout « the Tasty Island". Archived from the original on 2008-06-04. Retrieved 2008-06-01.
- ^ Scinto, Maria (16 April 2020). "The Real Reason Spam Is So Popular In Hawaii". Mashed.
- ^ "Goteborg Musubi - Hawaii's Other Musubi - Jeffsetter Travel". 2 November 2021.
- ^ "Last Call for Dee Lite-Full Guava, Liliko'i and Rainbow Cakes". Honolulu Magazine. 7 August 2018.
- ^ Hitt, Christine. "The origin of Disney's Dole Whip is not Hawaii, but the Bay Area". Sfgate.
- ^ "Maui sherbet makers find a cool niche in sharing a family treat, tradition | Maui Now". | Maui sherbet makers find a cool niche in sharing a family treat, tradition.
- ^ "The Colorful History of Shave Ice | Hawaiian Airlines". www.hawaiianairlines.com.
- ^ a b "Omiyage: A Japanese Expression of Aloha | Hawaiian Airlines". www.hawaiianairlines.com.
- ^ "Can You Guess How Many Pies Lee's Bakery and Kitchen in Chinatown Sells on Thanksgiving Day in Honolulu?". Honolulu Magazine. 14 November 2019.
- ^ Hanson, Kait (September 28, 2020). "What Is Pumpkin Crunch? And Why Is It So Famous in Hawaii?". Allrecipes. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
- ^ "Honolulu Star-Bulletin Features /2005/08/31/". archives.starbulletin.com.
- ^ "5 Iconic Dishes You Need to Try at Zippy's and the Stories Behind Them". Hawaii Magazine. 13 March 2023.
- ^ "National Blonde Brownie Day". KHON2. 23 January 2019.
- ^ Shimabukuro, Bett. "Rice Cake Revelation: The Chinese treat depends on a balance of sour and sweet". archives.starbulletin.com. Honolulu Star-Bulletin.
- ^ Shimabukuro, Betty. "Tea cookie search finally yields recipe". archives.starbulletin.com.
- ^ Hitt, Christine. "The secret recipe that has helped Hawaii institution Liliha Bakery stay open for 71 years". Sfgate.
- ^ Sigall, Bob (1 February 2019). "Rearview Mirror: Kahala's former Maile Room's lavash and other menu items wowed diners". Honolulu Star-Advertiser.
- ^ "Malasadas | Leonard's Bakery". www.leonardshawaii.com.
- ^ Teclemariam, Tammie (21 February 2016). "All About the Malasada, Hawai'i's Favorite Fried Treat". Eater.
- ^ "Manapua and The Manapua Man". Onolicious Hawaiʻi. 13 November 2019.
- ^ "Manju, Hawaii-Style!". Onolicious Hawaiʻi. 29 October 2019.
- ^ "Renowned Molokai Hot Bread Run A Hit In Honolulu". Beat of Hawaii. 2 April 2022.
- ^ "Longtime Molokai baker just got the surprise of his life". mauinews.com.
- ^ "What to Eat and See In Honolulu's Historic Chinatown". Travel + Leisure.
- ^ "8 Foods to Celebrate Lunar New Year in Honolulu". Hawaii Magazine. 24 January 2020.
- ^ "The History of Hawaiian Sweet Breads | Cook's Country". www.americastestkitchen.com.
- ^ Gee, Pat (12 September 2018). "Grab and Go: Spanish rolls just the start at Nanding's". Honolulu Star-Advertiser.
- ^ "Coffee Acreage, Yield, Production, Price and Value - State of Hawaii, 2020" (PDF). hdoa.hawaii.gov/. State of Hawaii - Department of Agriculture, Market Analysis and News Branch.
- ^ Lanier, Clint (10 November 2016). "Meet Okolehao, the Sweet Hawaiian Moonshine". Eater.
- ^ Fiedler, Jennifer (29 August 2022). "The Juicy History of POG". Imbibe Magazine.
- ^ Chan, Kathy YL (8 May 2015). "Hawaii's Volcanic Soil Makes the State a Tea-Producing Paradise". Eater.
- ^ "Tea In Hawaii". Onolicious Hawaiʻi. 16 September 2019.
- ^ "uala awaawa — Wehe²wiki² Hawaiian Language Dictionaries". hilo.hawaii.edu.
- ^ "Bishop Museum - Ethnobotany Database". data.bishopmuseum.org.
- ^ a b "Taro - Hawaii History - Farming". www.hawaiihistory.org. Retrieved 2017-10-02.
- ^ "Our History | City Mill".
- ^ "Hawaiian sweet potato - This Hawaii Life". September 2021.
- ^ "Palula". He Momi e Lei ai (a pearl to wear as a lei). 11 March 2016.
- ^ "Uala". hawaiiannativeplants.com.
- ^ "Ginger Scallion Sauce". Onolicious Hawaiʻi. 20 August 2023.
- ^ "Everything's Mo' Bettah' with Shoyu – Tasty Island". 1 October 2014.
- ^ Ennis, Richard (12 January 2023). "A Complete Guide To Hawaii's Passion Fruit: The Lilikoi". Spotlight Hawaii.
- ^ Chin, Jason & Gregg Hoshida (13 June 2019). "Best Meat Jun: Our Top 5". Honolulu Magazine.
- ^ "McDonalds of Hawaii brings back the McTeri Deluxe and Haupia Pie". KHON2. 29 April 2016.
- ^ "Sakura Boshi Recipe (Dried Fish Jerky)". 4 June 2020.
- ^ "The Guide to Chinese Dumplings - A LOOK AT 36 DUMPLINGS FROM ALL OVER CHINA". Gratia Food.
- ^ "Ma Tai Soo (Water chestnut and pork pastry)". LynetteCooks.
- ^ Shimabukuro, Betty. "Honolulu Star-Bulletin Features". archives.starbulletin.com.
- ^ "Crispy Gau Gee". She's Almost Always Hungry. 8 April 2022.
- ^ Cheng, Martha (26 Dec 2016). "6 Foods That Tell the Real Story of Hawaii - Cake noodle". First We Feast.
- ^ "Great Eats Hawaii: Maui Kitch N' Cook'd Potato Chips". 16 April 2016.
- ^ Shimabukuro, Betty. "Honolulu Star-Bulletin Features: 'Aloha' side dishes filled with flavor". archives.starbulletin.com.
- ^ "Maebo Noodle Factory". Maebo Noodle Factory. Retrieved 2022-09-11.
- ^ "The Okinawan Pig's Feet Soup Project – Tasty Island".
- ^ "Authentic Hawaiian Potato Mac Salad Recipe". 6 September 2017.
References
edit- Sasaki, Pat; Douglas Simonson; Ken Sakata (1986). Pupus To Da Max. Honolulu, HI: Bess Press. ISBN 0-935848-38-X.