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Athens Suburban Railway

(Redirected from Proastiakos Athens)

The Athens Suburban Railway (Greek: Προαστιακός Αθήνας, romanized: Proastiakós Athínas), officially the Athens Suburban and Regional Railway,[3] is a commuter rail service that connects the city of Athens and its metropolitan area with other places in Attica, Boeotia, Corinthia and the city of Chalcis in Euboea.[4]

Athens Suburban Railway
An OSE class 460 train in the median strip of Attiki Odos, bound for Athens Airport.
An OSE class 460 train in the median strip of Attiki Odos, bound for Athens Airport.
Overview
Native nameΠροαστιακός Αθήνας
Area servedAttica, part of Central Greece and Corinthia
Transit typeCommuter rail
Websitehellenictrain.gr
Operation
Began operation30 July 2004; 20 years ago (2004-07-30)[1]
Operator(s)Hellenic Train
Number of vehicles
Technical
System length227.82 km (141.56 mi)[2]: 2, 8 
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Electrification25 kV AC, 50 Hz
Top speed160 km/h (99 mph)

The first section of the Suburban Railway, linking the main Athens railway station with the Athens International Airport, opened on 30 July 2004 – two weeks before the start of the 2004 Summer Olympics in the Greek capital.[1] From 2005 to 2018, the network was gradually electrified and expanded to serve Piraeus to the south, Corinth and Kiato to the west, and Chalcis to the north. The Athens Suburban Railway is currently operated by Hellenic Train (formerly TrainOSE).

History

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"Proastiakos SA" was founded in 2003 as a subsidiary of OSE to serve the operation of the suburban network in the urban complex of Athens during the 2004 Olympic Games. The first line, linking central Athens with Athens International Airport, was inaugurated on 30 July 2004, two weeks before the 2004 Olympic Games. This first section was not electrified and operated DMU'S every half hour.[5] In January 2005 the test routes to Corinth started and the line was delivered to the public on 27 September that same year.[6] Also in 2005 Proastiakos was absorbed by the company TRAINOSE SA., which was now responsible for providing all rail passenger and commercial transport. In 2007, with the completion of the works of the Airport-Patras line to Kiato, Proastiakos expanded services on what is now Line 5[7] while in 2009 services where expanded to Chalkida forming Line 3.[8] TrainOSE has been operating since 2008 as a company independent of OSE, still using the Proastiakos emblem. In 2009, with the Greek debt crisis unfolding OSE's Management was forced to reduce services across the network. Timetables were cut back, and routes closed as the government-run entity attempted to reduce overheads. Services from Athens Airport & Athens were cut back, with some ticket offices closing, reducing the reliability of services and passenger numbers.

However, from 2010, the electrification works of the lines with 25 kV AC, 50 Hz began to be completed, allowing the use of the Siemens Desiro 460 trains. The electrification projects were completed in the SKA department. - Kiato in 2010,[9][10] on the Oinoi–Chalcis line in 2013,[11] in the sections SKA-Oinoi and Treis Gefyres – SKA in 2015,[12] and finally in the section Three Bridges – Piraeus in 2018.[13] In fact, the advent of electrification in SS. Athenson July 30, 2017 led to the modification of the lines of the Suburban Railway to have as a starting point the central station of the capital.[14] In 2017 OSE's passenger transport sector was privatised as TrainOSE, currently, a wholly owned subsidiary of Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane[15] infrastructure, including stations, remained under the control of OSE. On 1 February 2018, the electrification of the Piraeus-Athens Central station section of the network was completed.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, TrainOSE provide free antiseptic gel to the passenger public in order to disinfect those who use the commuter train.[16]

Timeline

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Date Routes
30 Jul 2004[1]
  Athens–Athens Airport
27 Sep 2005[17][18]
  Athens–Athens Airport
  Nerantziotissa–Athens Airport
  Athens–Corinth (via Neratziotissa)
  Corinth–Athens Airport
04 Jun 2007[19]
  Piraeus–Athens Airport
  Nerantziotissa–Athens Airport (EMU)
  Piraeus–Corinth (via Neratziotissa)
  Athens Airport–Corinth
09 Jul 2007[20]
  Piraeus–Athens Airport
  Nerantziotissa–Athens Airport (EMU)
  Piraeus–Kiato (via Neratziotissa)
  Athens Airport–Kiato
06 Jul 2008[21]
  Piraeus–Kiato
  Ano Liosia–Neratziotissa
  Neratziotissa–Athens Airport (EMU)
14 Feb 2009[22]
  Piraeus–Kiato
  Ano Liosia–Athens Airport (EMU)
12 Dec 2010[23]
  Piraeus–Ano Liosia (suspended 18 January 2012–9 February 2014)[24]
  Athens Airport–Kiato (EMU, suspended 18 January 2012–8 July 2012)[24]
10 Feb 2014[25]
  Athens–Ano Liosia
  Athens Airport–Kiato (EMU)
  Piraeus–Chalcis
30 Jul 2017[26]
  Athens–Athens Airport
  SKA–Athens Airport
  Athens–Chalcis
  Athens–Kiato
  Athens–Piraeus (DMU)
01 Feb 2018[27]
  Piraeus–Athens Airport
  SKA–Athens Airport
  Athens–Chalcis
  Piraeus–Kiato
24 Feb 2018
  Piraeus–Athens Airport
  Ano Liosia–Athens Airport[28]
  Athens–Chalcis
  Piraeus–Kiato
01 Aug 2023[29]
  A1 (Piraeus–Athens Airport)
  A2 (Ano Liosia–Athens Airport)
  A3 (Athens–Chalcis)
  A4 (Piraeus–Kiato)

Lines and services

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Since 1 August 2023, the Athens Suburban Railway consists of four lines. Line A1 runs between Piraeus and Athens Airport, while Line A2 reinforces the preceding service along the median of the A6 motorway between the Airport and Ano Liosia. Line A3 runs between Athens and Chalcis, and Line A4 runs between Piraeus and Kiato.[30][29] The train service between Kiato and Aigio is a local Peloponnese service.[31] The Athens Suburban Railway operates from 4:30 am to midnight daily, and there are 45 stations in the network.[30]

On 18 January 2012, services were "temporarily" suspended on routes from Piraeus - Ano Liossia.[32] According to a TrainOSE spokesperson, the interruption is due to technical problems; however no information on the progress of any work was given,[32] services were rerouted via SKA.

Main services

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The following table lists the routes and the stations for the Athens Suburban Railway since 15 May 2022.[30] Line numbers were introduced on 1 August 2023.[29]

Outline of Athens Suburban Railway routes
Line Map
colour 		Prefix Route Stations Length Ref.
  Yellow 12xx Piraeus–Athens–Athens Airport 19 48.23 km [33][2]: 2, 23 
  Purple 22xx Ano Liosia–Paiania–Kantza–Athens Airport 12 33.18 km [33][2]: 8 
42xx Ano Liosia–Paiania–Kantza 10 18.60 km [33][2]: 8, 23 
  Lime green 15xx, 25xx, 35xx Athens–Chalcis 17 82.80 km [34][2]: 2 
  Sky blue 13xx, 23xx Piraeus–Athens–Kiato 20 120.70 km [35][2]: 2, 8 

List of stations

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† Terminal station
* Metro/OSE station
*† Connection/interchange with Metro or Hellenic Train services

The suburban railway connects with other rail services at the following stations:

# Station Lines Services Connections Regional unit
1 Acharnes Athens–Chalcis   East Attica
2 SKA * Ano Liosia–Airport
Athens–Chalcis 		      East Attica
3 Afidnes Athens–Chalcis   East Attica
4 Agioi Anargyroi Athens–Thessaloniki       West Athens
5 Agios Georgios Athens–Chalcis   Boeotia
6 Agios Stefanos Athens–Chalcis   East Attica
7 Agioi Theodoroi Piraeus–Kiato
Aigio–Airport 		  Corinthia
8 Agios Thomas Athens–Chalcis   Boeotia
9 Aigio † Aigio–Airport
Aigio–Athens
Aigio–Kiato 		    Bus[36] Achaea
10 Akrata Aigio–Airport
Aigio–Athens
Aigio–Kiato 		  Achaea
11 Ano Liosia Piraeus–Kiato
Ano Liosia–Airport
Aigio–Airport 		    West Attica
12 Aspropyrgos Piraeus–Kiato   West Attica
13 Athens *† Athens–Thessaloniki      
Central Athens
14 Athens Airport * Piraeus–Airport
Ano Liosia–Airport
Aigio–Airport 		        East Attica
15 Avlida Athens–Chalcis   Euboea
16 Avlona Athens–Chalcis   East Attica
17 Chalcis Athens–Chalcis   Euboea
18 Corinth Piraeus–Kiato
Aigio–Airport
Aigio–Athens 		  Corinthia
19 Dekeleia Athens–Chalcis   East Attica
20 Diakopto * Aigio–Airport
Aigio–Athens
Aigio–Kiato 		    Achaea
21 Dilesi Athens–Chalcis   Boeotia
22 Doukissis Plakentias * Piraeus–Airport
Ano Liosia–Airport
Aigio–Airport 		        North Athens
23 Eliki Aigio–Airport
Aigio–Athens
Aigio–Kiato 		  Achaea
24 Irakleio Piraeus–Airport
Ano Liosia–Airport 		    North Athens
25 Kalochori-Panteichi Athens–Chalcis   Boeotia
26 Kato Acharnes Piraeus–Airport
Piraeus–Kiato 		    West Athens
27 Kiato * Piraeus–Kiato
Aigio–Airport
Aigio–Athens
Aigio–Kiato 		      Bus[36] Corinthia
28 Kifisias Piraeus–Airport
Ano Liosia–Airport
Aigio–Airport 		    North Athens
29 Kinetta Piraeus–Kiato   West Attica
30 Koropi * Piraeus–Airport
Ano Liosia–Airport 		        East Attica
31 Lefka Piraeus–Airport
Piraeus–Kiato 		    Piraeus
32 Lygia Aigio–Airport
Aigio–Athens
Aigio–Kiato 		  Corinthia
33 Lykoporia Aigio–Airport
Aigio–Athens
Aigio–Kiato 		  Achaea
34 Magoula Piraeus–Kiato
Aigio–Airport
Aigio–Athens 		  West Attica
35 Megara Piraeus–Kiato
Aigio–Airport
Aigio–Athens 		  West Attica
36 Metamorfosi Piraeus–Airport
Ano Liosia–Airport 		    North Athens
37 Nea Peramos Piraeus–Kiato
Aigio–Airport
Aigio–Athens 		  West Attica
38 Nerantziotissa * Piraeus–Airport
Ano Liosia–Airport
Aigio–Airport 		        North Athens
39 Oinofyta Athens–Chalcis   Boeotia
40 Oinoi * Ano Liosia–Airport     Boeotia
41 Paiania–Kantza * Piraeus–Airport
Ano Liosia–Airport 		        East Attica
42 Pallini * Piraeus–Airport
Ano Liosia–Airport 		        East Attica
43 Pentelis Piraeus–Airport
Ano Liosia–Airport 		    North Athens
44 Piraeus * Piraeus–Airport
Piraeus–Kiato 		          Piraeus
45 Platanos Aigio–Airport
Aigio–Athens
Aigio–Kiato 		  Achaea
46 Pyrgos Vasilissis Piraeus–Airport
Piraeus–Kiato 		    West Athens
47 Rentis Piraeus–Airport
Piraeus–Kiato 		    Piraeus
48 Rouf Piraeus–Airport
Piraeus–Kiato 		    Central Athens
49 Sfendali Athens–Chalcis   East Attica
50 Tavros Piraeus–Airport
Piraeus–Kiato 		    South Athens
51 Xylokastro Aigio–Airport
Aigio–Athens
Aigio–Kiato 		  Corinthia
52 Zefyri Piraeus–Kiato   West Athens
53 Zevgolatio Piraeus–Kiato
Aigio–Athens 		  Corinthia

Tickets and Scheduling

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Athens Suburban Railway map c.2012, in English and Greek

The suburban train, in the sections Magoula-Koropi and Piraeus-Dhekelia are part of the urban zone of OASA, therefore the single ticket that is used and combined with all means of transport in Athens is valid.[37] Outside the urban area, a different ticket is valid, which is priced in stages and issued by Hellenic Train.

Photography on the network

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The photography in the publicly accessible areas of both OSE and the Athens Suburban Railway (defined as passenger space on trains and at stations) is permitted, as the right of photographers to photograph within the Suburban Railway is covered by the Constitution. The issue was mediated by the Ombudsman between 2004 and 2008 on the occasion of the attempt to temporarily ban photography during the Olympic Games. The court ruled that "the requirement of a 'photography permit' is tantamount to a ban" and that "there is no legal authority to impose restrictions on the right to photograph spaces and slides by definition accessible to the public".[38]

Future expansion

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New stations

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New services

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  • Larissa Station-Agios Dionysios via Piraeus connection with Cretan ships, (with the final destination being Thessaloniki)
  • Reopening the suburban double line from SKA to Ano Liosia, MAK, Neoktista,[41] Aspropyrgos Refineries, Old Aspropyrgos Station, and Elefsina, with the service of Hellenic Petroleum.[42] The Elefsina line is planned to continue to Loutropyrgos and the old Megaron railway with a single regular line.[43]
  • Reopening from Agios Apostolos to Isthmus.

Lavrio branch line

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A nine-station, 32 km extension of the Athens Suburban Railway from Koropi to Lavrio was announced in 2016, potentially connecting 300,000 more people to the rail network at a cost of €160 million.[44][45] The project involves the construction of two new stations at Markopoulo and Lavrio Port, and five intermediate stops at Kalyvia, Keratea, Daskaleio, Thorikos and Kyprianos.[44][46] The Athens-Lavrio distance will be 55 minutes and Koropi-Lavrio 28 minutes with the completion of the extension.

Loutraki line reopening

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In February 2019, OSE accepted a bid for the €12 million project to convert the former metre-gauge line between Isthmos and Loutraki to standard gauge, connect it to the Athens Airport–Patras railway and reopen it to passenger traffic by November 2021.[47] Mytilineos–Xanthakis was selected as the contractor of the project. Due to an appeal by a rival bidder, the signing of the contract was delayed until 12 June 2019.[48] The project consists of the electrification of the Isthmos–Loutraki line and building two new stops, one at Casino and the other in Loutraki.[49]

Rafina branch

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A €40 million branch line from Doukissis Plakentias station to the town of Rafina has also been proposed.[50] with an extension to the Airport via Artemida and Rafina.[51]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c Chatziioannidou, Efis (31 July 2004). "And the commuter rail gets on track". Kathimerini (in Greek). Athens: Kathimerini Publishing. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
  2. ^ a b c d e f "Network Statement: Annexes" (PDF). OSE. Athens. 6 December 2021. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 September 2022. Retrieved 24 May 2024.
  3. ^ "Athens Suburban and Regional Railway". Hellenic Train. Athens. 20 July 2023. Archived from the original on 20 July 2023. Retrieved 12 June 2024.
  4. ^ "Προαστιακές Γραμμές Αθήνας" [Athens Suburban Lines] (in Greek).
  5. ^ "Και ο προαστιακός σιδηρόδρομος μπήκε σε τροχιά". Η Καθημερινή. Αθήνα. 31 July 2004. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
  6. ^ "Προαστιακός: Ξεκίνησε η νέα γραμμή Αθήνα-Κόρινθος". euro2day.gr. 26 Sep 2005. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
  7. ^ Κασσίμη, Αλεξάνδρα (15 June 2007). "Ο προαστιακός από τον Ιούλιο πάει Κιάτο με... 200 χιλιόμετρα". Η Καθημερινή. Αθήνα. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
  8. ^ "Ο προαστιακός έπιασε... Χαλκίδα". Τα Νέα. Αθήνα. 6 June 2009. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
  9. ^ "ΣΚΑ – ΚΙΑΤΟ". Αθήνα: ΕΡΓΟΣΕ. 20 March 2018. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
  10. ^ "Σε 55 λεπτά το δρομολόγιο Αθήνα - Κιάτο με τον προαστιακό σιδηρόδρομο". Τα Νέα. Αθήνα. 11 April 2011. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
  11. ^ "ΗΛΕΚΤΡΟΚΙΝΗΣΗ ΟΙΝΟΗ – ΧΑΛΚΙΔΑ". Αθήνα: ΕΡΓΟΣΕ. 20 March 2018. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
  12. ^ "ΗΛΕΚΤΡΟΚΙΝΗΣΗ ΓΡΑΜΜΗΣ ΑΘΗΝΑ – ΘΕΣΣΑΛΟΝΙΚΗ". Αθήνα: ΕΡΓΟΣΕ. 20 March 2018. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
  13. ^ "ΗΛΕΚΤΡΟΚΙΝΗΣΗ 3 ΓΕΦΥΡΕΣ – ΠΕΙΡΑΙΑΣ". Αθήνα: ΕΡΓΟΣΕ. 5 September 2018. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
  14. ^ "Σημαντικές αλλαγές στον Προαστιακό Σιδηρόδρομο Αθήνας από 30/07/2017". Αθήνα: ΤΡΑΙΝΟΣΕ. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
  15. ^ "It's a new day for TRAINOSE as FS acquires the entirety of the company's shares". ypodomes.com. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
  16. ^ "Κορωνοϊός: Αντισηπτικά στον προαστιακό της Αθήνας (εικόνα)". Athens Voice. 11 March 2020.
  17. ^ "Suburban Railway: The new Athens-Corinth line begins". Euro2Day (in Greek). Athens: Media2Day. 26 September 2005. Archived from the original on 13 September 2016. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
  18. ^ "Map". Proastiakos (in Greek). Athens: OSE. 10 July 2006. Archived from the original on 10 July 2006. Retrieved 6 August 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  19. ^ "Piraeus-Spata in 50 minutes by Suburban Railway". in.gr (in Greek). Athens: Alter Ego Media. 1 June 2007. Archived from the original on 15 March 2024. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
  20. ^ "Extension of Suburban Railway to Kiato". Proastiakos (in Greek). Athens: OSE. 5 July 2007. Archived from the original on 14 July 2007. Retrieved 6 August 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) Roberts, Ralph (26 September 2005). "Timetable". Proastiakos (in Greek). Athens: OSE. Archived from the original on 24 November 2005. Retrieved 6 August 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  21. ^ "New Suburban Railway Timetable". Proastiakos (in Greek). Athens: OSE. 3 July 2008. Archived from the original on 6 July 2008. Retrieved 6 August 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) "Programme Timetable" (PDF). Proastiakos (in Greek and English). Athens: OSE. 27 June 2008. Archived from the original on 5 February 2009. Retrieved 6 August 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  22. ^ "Changed timetables due to works". Proastiakos (in Greek). Athens: OSE. 12 February 2009. Archived from the original on 1 June 2009. Retrieved 6 August 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) "Map and timetable" (PDF). Proastiakos (in Greek and English). Athens: OSE. 29 August 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 December 2010. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
  23. ^ "TrainOSE: New network of Suburban Railway routes". Capital.gr (in Greek). Athens. 10 December 2010. Archived from the original on 14 March 2024. Retrieved 6 August 2024. "Proastiakos (map)" (PDF). TrainOSE (in Greek and English). Athens: OSE. 11 August 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 October 2011. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
  24. ^ a b "Suburban railway itineraries valid from 8 July 2012". Athens Transport (in Greek). 10 July 2012. Archived from the original on 23 April 2013. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
  25. ^ "Athens Suburban Railway". TrainOSE (in Greek). Athens: OSE. 17 February 2014. Archived from the original on 17 February 2014. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
  26. ^ "Important changes for the Athens Suburban Railway from 30/07/2017". TrainOSE (in Greek). Athens: OSE. July 2017. Archived from the original on 31 July 2017. Retrieved 6 August 2024. "Athens Suburban Railway (map)" (PDF). TrainOSE (in Greek and English). Athens: OSE. July 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 August 2017. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
  27. ^ "Direct services for Piraeus-Airport and Piraeus-Kiato from 1 February. Additional services between SKA-Koropi and vice versa for the better service of the employees". TrainOSE (in Greek). Athens. 30 January 2018. Archived from the original on 3 February 2018. Retrieved 6 August 2024. "Athens Suburban Railway Lines". TrainOSE (in Greek). Athens. 9 February 2018. Archived from the original on 9 February 2018. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
  28. ^ "Extension of service on the SKA-Koropi & SKA-Airport routes to Ano Liosia". TrainOSE (in Greek). Athens. 23 February 2018. Archived from the original on 28 February 2018. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
  29. ^ a b c "Athens Suburban–Regional Railway" (PDF). Hellenic Train (in English and Greek). Athens. 31 July 2023. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 October 2023. Retrieved 1 October 2023.
  30. ^ a b c "Athens Suburban Railway". Hellenic Train. Athens. 26 October 2022. Archived from the original on 26 October 2022. Retrieved 26 October 2022.
  31. ^ Papaioannou, Ioanna (19 June 2023). "Train schedule from 11 June 2023" (PDF). Hellenic Train (in Greek). Athens. p. 7. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 June 2023. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  32. ^ a b "Υπολειτουργεί ο Προαστιακός της Αθήνας, αλλά παραδίδονται νέοι σταθμοί". June 25, 2012.
  33. ^ a b c Antoniou, George (13 December 2023). "Itineraries Piraeus-Athens-Airport" (PDF). Hellenic Train (in Greek). Athens. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 January 2024. Retrieved 24 May 2024.
    "Itineraries Airport-Athens-Piraeus" (PDF). Hellenic Train (in Greek). Athens. 13 December 2023. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 January 2024. Retrieved 24 May 2024.
  34. ^ Antoniou, George (13 December 2023). "Itineraries Athens-Chalkida-Athens" (PDF). Hellenic Train (in Greek). Athens. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 January 2024. Retrieved 24 May 2024.
  35. ^ Antoniou, George (13 December 2023). "Itineraries Piraeus-Kiato-Piraeus" (PDF). Hellenic Train (in Greek). Athens. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 January 2024. Retrieved 24 May 2024.
  36. ^ a b "Itineraries (Buses) Kiato-Aigio-Patras" (PDF). Athens: TrainOSE. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 July 2020. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  37. ^ "Μέσα Κομίστρου". ΟΑΣΑ Α.Ε. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
  38. ^ Απαγόρευση φωτογράφησης σιδηροδρομικών εγκαταστάσεων Archived 2016-03-14 at the Wayback Machine Συνήγορος του Πολίτη
  39. ^ Η Αττική Οδός ανέλαβε την εκπόνηση μελετών για τις οδικές και σιδηροδρομικές επεκτάσεις σε Ραφήνα και Λαύριο
  40. ^ Ολγα, Κλώντζα (2019-05-16). "Ο Προαστιακός θα κάνει στάση σε Κρυονέρι και Γέρακα". Ειδήσεις - νέα - Το Βήμα Online (in Greek). Retrieved 2019-05-18.
  41. ^ "H ATTIKO MEΤΡΟ ΑΕ ΚΑΙ ΤΟ ΜΕΤΡΟ ΘΕΣΣΑΛΟΝΙΚΗΣ" (PDF).
  42. ^ "Υποδομών και ΕΛΠΕ ξαναζωντανεύουν την σιδηροδρομική γραμμή ΣΚΑ-Ελευσίνα". Archived from the original on 2018-02-04. Retrieved 2018-01-24.
  43. ^ ΕΡΓΟΣΕ Μελέτες
  44. ^ a b "Koropi – Lavrio". Athens: ERGOSE. 21 March 2018. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  45. ^ "Suburban Train to Pull in to Lavrio Port by 2019". GTP Headlines. 29 November 2016. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  46. ^ Κορωπί-Λαύριο Archived 2020-06-22 at the Wayback Machine ΕΡΓΟΣΕ
  47. ^ "Isthmos – Loutraki". Athens: ERGOSE. 7 June 2018. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  48. ^ "Προαστιακός στο Λουτράκι: Κλείδωσε η ημερομηνία υπογραφής της σύμβασης". PeloponnisosNews Online (in Greek). Corinth. 1 June 2019. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  49. ^ Xάρτης Προαστιακού Αθηνών 2021 με μελλοντικές επεκτάσεις συντάκτης Στέργιος Ρουμελιώτης
  50. ^ Toniolos, Panagis. "Οδική και Σιδηροδρομική σύνδεση Ραφήνας" (PDF) (in Greek). ADT OMEGA. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  51. ^ "Χ.Σπίρτζης:Είχαμε συγκεκριμένο σχέδιο για όσους που σήκωσαν τα βάρη των μνημονίων|06/06/19|ΕΡΤ". 6 June 2019 – via www.youtube.com.

Railway map


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