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Prusias I Cholus (Greek: Προυσίας ὁ Χωλός, translit. Prousías ho Chōlós, lit. "the Lame"; c. 243 – 182 BC) was a king of Bithynia, who reigned from c. 228 to 182 BC.
| Prusias I "The Lame" | |
|---|---|
 Tetradrachm of Prusias I (young) | |
| King of Bithynia | |
| Reign | 228–182 BC |
| Predecessor | Ziaelas |
| Successor | Prusias II |
| Born | c. 243 BC Bithynia (modern-day Turkey) |
| Died | 182 BC (aged 61) Bithynia (modern-day Turkey) |
| Consort | Apama |
| Issue | Prusias II |
| Greek | Λευκών |
| Father | Ziaelas |
| Mother | Unknown |
| Religion | Greek Polytheism |
Life and Reign
editPrusias was a vigorous and energetic leader; he fought a war against Byzantium (220 BC), seizing its Asiatic territory, a part of Mysia that had been in its possession for a long time.[1] Then, he defeated the Galatians who Nicomedes I had invited across the Bosphorus to a territory called Arisba, putting to death all of their women and children and letting his men plunder their baggage.[2]
At some point during his reign, he formed a marriage alliance with Demetrius II of Macedon, receiving the latter's daughter, Apama, as his wife.
He expanded the territories of Bithynia in a series of wars against Attalus I of Pergamum and Heraclea Pontica on the Black Sea, taking various cities formerly owned by the Heracleans, renaming one of them, Prusias, after himself.[3] While besieging the city of Heraclea Pontica,[4] he dealt many casualties to the besieged,[5] but while climbing a ladder, he was hit with a stone and he broke his leg; the siege was lifted due to his injury.[6] This is likely where he was given the surname "the lame".[7] Philip V of Macedon granted him the ports of Keios and Myrleia in 202 BC, which he renamed Prusias and Apameia[8] respectively. Although he granted sanctuary to Hannibal, who successfully employed an odd stratagem against the Attalids for him at sea,[9] he remained neutral during the Roman Republic's war with Antiochus III the Great, refusing an alliance with Antiochus.[10] He agreed on peace terms with presumably Eumenes II in 183 BC, in the city of Cyzicus.[11] Apama bore Prusias I a son called Prusias II, who succeeded him.
The town of Prusa (now Bursa in Turkey), which he rebuilt, is named after Prusias.
See also
edit- Prusias ad Hypium, ancient city in Düzce Province, Turkey
Sources
edit- Habicht, Christian, s.v. Prusias I., RE. Bd. ХХШ, 1. 1957
References
edit- ^ Polybius. Histories.
He had also seized their Asiatic territory, a part of Mysia which had long been in their possession.
- ^ Polybius. Histories.
Prusias, therefore, led an army against them, and after destroying all the men in a pitched battle, put to death nearly all the women and children in their camp and allowed his soldiers who had taken part in the battle to plunder the baggage.
- ^ Memnon. History of Heraclea Pontica.
He changed the name of the city to Prusias, instead of Cierus.
- ^ Memnon. History of Heraclea Pontica.
After these cities, he subjected Heracleia itself to a severe siege
- ^ Memnon. History of Heraclea Pontica.
and killed many of those who were besieged.
- ^ Memnon. History of Heraclea Pontica.
but while climbing a ladder Prusias was hit by a stone which was thrown from the battlements. He broke his leg, and because of this injury the siege was lifted
- ^ Memnon. History of Heraclea Pontica.
where he lived on for a few years before he died, being named (because of his injury) "the lame".
- ^ Strabo. Geography.
And Prusias restored them from their ruins and named the city Cius "Prusias" after himself and Myrleia "Apameia" after his wife.
- ^ Justinus. Philippic Histories.
- ^ Polybius. Histories.
- ^ Polybius. Histories.
This all happened in Cyzicus after the peace with King Prusias.
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