Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy
Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy is a form of osteodystrophy,[4] and is classified as the phenotype of pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1A; this is a condition in which the body does not respond to parathyroid hormone.[1]
| Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy has an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance | |
| Specialty | Endocrinology  |
| Symptoms | Choroid plexus calcification, Full cheeks[1] |
| Causes | Gs alpha subunit deficiency[2] |
| Diagnostic method | calcium, phosphorus, PTH, Urine test for phosphorus and cyclic AMP |
| Treatment | Phosphate binders, supplementary calcium [3] |
| Named after | Fuller Albright |
Signs and symptoms
edit
The disorder is characterized by the following:[1]
- Hypogonadism
- Brachydactyly syndrome
- Choroid plexus calcification
- Hypoplasia of dental enamel
- Full cheeks
- Hypocalcemic tetany
Individuals with Albright hereditary osteodystrophy exhibit short stature, characteristically shortened fourth and fifth metacarpals, rounded facies, and often mild intellectual deficiency.[5]
Genetics
editThis condition is associated with genetic imprinting. It is thought to be inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, and seems to be associated with a Gs alpha subunit deficiency.[2]
Mechanism
editThe mechanism of this condition is due to Gs signaling decrease in hormones having to do with signal transduction which is when a signal from outside cell causes change within the cell (in function). Renal tubule cells only express maternal alleles (variant form of a gene).[6][7][8]
Diagnosis
editThe diagnosis of Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy is based on the following exams below:[9]
Treatment
editTreatment consists of maintaining normal levels of calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D. Phosphate binders, supplementary calcium and vitamin D will be used as required.[3]
History
editThe disorder bears the name of Fuller Albright, who characterized it in 1942.[12] He was also responsible for naming it "Sebright bantam syndrome," after the Sebright bantam chicken, which demonstrates an analogous hormone insensitivity. Much less commonly, the term Martin-Albright syndrome is used, this refers to Eric Martin.[13]
See also
editReferences
edit
This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 798 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)
- ^ a b c "Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy". Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) – an NCATS Program. Archived from the original on 11 February 2017. Retrieved 9 February 2017.
- ^ a b Kottler, Marie (2004). "Alpha hereditary Osteodystrophy" (PDF). Orphanet. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-04-26. Retrieved 2017-02-12.
- ^ a b Kliegman, Robert (2016). Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 20th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier. pp. chap 572. ISBN 978-1-4557-7566-8.
- ^ Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. p. 657. ISBN 978-1-4160-2999-1.
- ^ Garavelli L; Pedori S; Zanacca C; et al. (April 2005). "Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy (pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ia): clinical case with a novel mutation of GNAS1". Acta Biomed. 76 (1): 45–8. PMID 16116826.
- ^ "OMIM Entry - # 103580 - PSEUDOHYPOPARATHYROIDISM, TYPE IA; PHP1A". omim.org. Archived from the original on 18 January 2017. Retrieved 12 February 2017.
- ^ Cooper, Geoffrey M (2000). "Pathways of Intracellular Signal Transduction". Sinauer Associates. Archived from the original on 2018-04-05. Retrieved 2024-06-26.
- ^ Reference, Genetics Home. "What is a gene?". Genetics Home Reference. Archived from the original on 2020-05-16. Retrieved 2017-02-12.
- ^ "Pseudohypoparathyroidism: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia". medlineplus.gov. Archived from the original on 13 February 2017. Retrieved 12 February 2017.
- ^ "Pseudohypoparathyroidism". Archived from the original on 2017-02-13. Retrieved 2017-02-12.
- ^ Tze, W. J.; Saunders, J.; Drummond, G. I. (1975). "Urinary 3'5' cyclic AMP. Diagnostic test in pseudohypoparathyroidism". Arch Dis Child. 50 (8): 656–658. doi:10.1136/adc.50.8.656. PMC 1545541. PMID 173244.
- ^ F. Albright, C. H. Burnett, P. H. Smith, et al. Pseudo-hypoparathyroidism-example of 'Seabright-Bantam syndrome'; report of three cases. Endocrinology, Baltimore, 1942, 30: 922-932.
- ^ D. Martin, J. Bourdillon. Un cas de tétanie idiopathique chronique. Échec thérapeutique de la graffe d'un adénome parathyroïdien. Revue médicale de la Suisse romande, Lausanne, 1940, 60: 1166-1177.
Further reading
edit- Thakker, Rajesh V.; Whyte, Michael P.; Eisman, John; Igarashi, Takashi (2013). Genetics of Bone Biology and Skeletal Disease. Academic Press. ISBN 9780123878304. Retrieved 12 February 2017.
- Henderson, Katherine E.; Baranski, Thomas J.; Bickel, Perry E.; Clutter, William E. (2009). The Washington Manual Endocrinology Subspecialty Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 9780781791540. Retrieved 12 February 2017.
External links
edit